1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 223及答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptabl
2、e. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Be More Well-Spoken 1. Prepare a lot 【 T1】 _your ideas before you say them 【 T2】 _what youll say until you feel comfortable Know【 T3】 _well and make changes if necessary 2. Speak【 T4】 _ Take th
3、e time to slow down Think about what you have to say Pay attention to the way you【 T5】 _ Pause【 T6】 _ to prepare for the next one If you speak too quickly, you will 【 T7】 _ what you said say senseless things 3. Use your hands The effect of keeping hands in pockets: To forget your ideas,【 T8】 _, conf
4、use audiences Less confident, weaker message Gesture with your hands: get your body into【 T9】 _ Communication comes from mouth, posture,【 T10】 _, etc 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 10 Stress Management 1. Definition of stress Response of the body to
5、【 T1】 _ stimuli or stressors Perceptible effects: increased【 T2】 _, sweating or tense muscles Imperceptible effects: increased【 T3】 _ and changes in circulating fats 2. The common causes of stress Situational stress Caused by situational stressors in your【 T4】 _ Body stress Causing evident【 T5】 _ Ca
6、used by abuse or【 T6】 _ Mind stress Caused by【 T7】 _ perceiving life events 3. Ways to deal with stress Situational stress: learning【 T8】 _ Body stress: practicing【 T9】 _ Mind stress: practicing【 T10】 _ 11 【 T1】 12 【 T2】 13 【 T3】 14 【 T4】 15 【 T5】 16 【 T6】 17 【 T7】 18 【 T8】 19 【 T9】 20 【 T10】 专业英语四级
7、（听力）模拟试卷 223答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You
8、may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Be More Well-Spoken Being well-spoken gives people the impression of a solid, full education and cultured mind; it will make people more likely to listen to you and to respect your intelligence
9、. Whether youre giving a presentation or trying to tell your best friends a funny story, if you make an effort to think before you speak and to be more clear and concise on a regular basis, then you will be the most articulate person in the room in no time. First, you need to prepare a lot. 1If you
10、want to sound smart, then you cant just spout out your latest ideas to a group of people or your close friends without thinking about how youll frame them in advance. What you have to do is prepare what youre going to say, whether youre giving a class presentation or talking to your girlfriend about
11、 a relationship issue. 2Rehearse what you have to say as much as you need to in order to feel comfortable about saying what you have to say. Its important to practice and rehearse, but its also important for what you say to sound natural. 3Therefore, you should know the material well enough to chang
12、e things up if it becomes necessary. 4Another way to speak more clearly is to speak more slowly. You may feel that if you rush and say everything you wanted to say, that youll be able to get it over with and make people see your point more clearly. However, if you take the time to slow down, think a
13、bout what you have to say, 5and pronounce your words in a way that wont make you mumble or confuse your audiences, then you will actually be more well-spoken. You dont have to speak. so. slowly. that you feel like youre pausing between every word, 6 but pausing in between sentences to give yourself
14、time to prepare your next sentence will do the trick. 7If you speak too quickly, theres also a chance that you will say something that you regret or that makes absolutely no sense, and youll have to do some backtracking to make your audience understand what you really mean; you can avoid all that by
15、 speaking slowly to begin with. In addition, use your hands. 8If you keep your hands in your pockets, you are more likely to forget what you have to say, to stammer, or to confuse your audience. Also, keeping your hands in your pockets will also make you look less confident, which will make your mes
16、sage look weaker. 9On the other hand, using your hands to gesture can help you explain what you mean and can get your whole body into the speaking process. 10Communication doesnt just come from your mouth, but from your posture, your eye contact, your gesturing, and your body language its part of a
17、whole package. So the next time you speak, take those hands out of your pocket. Even if you dont use them to gesture a ton, youll feel more comfortable if you gesture a little. It takes a lot of practice before you become a confident, articulate person. Start with speaking around the people you are
18、comfortable with. You will realize that it will be easier to be well-spoken. 【知识模块】 讲座 1 【正确答案】 Frame Organize 【试题解析】 本题考查对文意的理解和信息的整合。录音在阐述第一个主观点时提到，不要滔滔不绝地向一群人或你亲密的朋友表达最新的想法，而应先想好怎么表达 (thinking about how youll flame them in advance)。此处把 frame理解为organize也正确。 【知识模块】 讲座 2 【正确答案】 Rehearse 【试题解析】 本题考查对
19、分论点的把握。录音在阐述 “做好准备工作 ”的观点时提到，应该尽可能多地排 练想要说的话 (Rehearse what you have to say)，直到你感觉到惬意为止。 【知识模块】 讲座 3 【正确答案】 the material 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音在继上一个空之后又指出，练习排练固然重要，但听起来自然也很关键，所以要很好地理解材料 (the material)，以至于有必要时会做一些改动。 【知识模块】 讲座 4 【正确答案】 more slowly 【试题解析】 本题考查对主要观点的把握。录音提出的第二个主要观点为，想要说话清 晰就说得慢一些 (speak more
20、 slowly)。这里必须填到 more，若只填 slowly则扣分。 【知识模块】 讲座 5 【正确答案】 pronounce 【试题解析】 本题考查对文意的理解和细节的把握。录音提出，如果你别着急慢慢来，想想自己要说的内容，发音不要含糊。让听者感到困惑，你将可能变得更加谈吐文雅，所以发音的方式也是要注意，故填入 pronounce。 【知识模块】 讲座 6 【正确答案】 in between sentences 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录 音提到，不要在每两个单词间停顿，而应该在每个句子间停顿 (pausing in between sentences)。从而为说下一句话做好准备。 【
21、知识模块】 讲座 7 【正确答案】 regret 【试题解析】 本题考查对大意的理解及细节的把握。录音提出，如果说的太快，往往容易说出让自己后悔的话 (say something that you regret)，或没有意义的话(that makes absolutely no sense)。 【知识模块】 讲座 8 【正确答案】 stammer 【试题解析】 本题考查对细节关键词的把握。录音指出，如果说话时把手放在口袋里，很有可能容易忘记想说的话 (forget what you have to say)，说话结结巴(stammer)，或者让听者感到很困惑 (confuse your aud
22、ience)。 【知识模块】 讲座 9 【正确答案】 the speaking process 【试题解析】 本题考查对文意的理解及细节。录音提到，运用手势有助于解释信息，并使整个身体进入到 “说话的过程 ”中去 (get your whole body into the speaking process)。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【正确答案】 eye contact gesturing body language 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音指出沟通可能来自于嘴巴 (mouth)、姿势(posture)、眼神接触 (eye contact)、手势 (gesturing)、身体语言 (
23、body language)。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【听力原文】 Stress Management Good morning, everyone. Today, well talk about stress. Stress is a common problem that affects almost all of us at some point in our lives. So it is important to learn to identify when you are under stress, what is stressing you and how to deal w
24、ith stress. 1Stress refers to how the body responds to any number of physical or emotional stimuli or stressors. Effects of this response are sometimes perceptible, 2such as an increased heart rate, sweating, or tense muscles. Other changes, though common, are not perceptible, for example, 3increase
25、d blood pressure and changes in circulating fats. Now, lets take a look at three of the most common sources of stress. The first source is situational stress. 4 Situational stress is caused by situational stressors in your immediate environment. An example would be sitting in an airplane as it is ta
26、xiing the runway for takeoff. You may be sitting, clutching the arm rests and hoping that you wont need to use the emergency instructions that the stewardess has just explained to you. Another source is body stress. 5Body stress is stress that results in evident physical symptoms. Examples include a
27、buse, such as consuming too much alcohol, or exercising too much. 6On the other hand, some people neglect their bodies by not getting enough sleep or proper nutrition. The last source is mind stress. 7Mind stress is caused by negatively perceiving life events. Some people have a tendency to exaggera
28、te problems or even invent problems that dont exist. We sometimes say that these people make “mountains out of molehills“. Now that you have learned how to identify sources of stress in your life, we can now talk about specific ways that you can use to counter the common stressors in your life. As f
29、or situational stress, it often results from feeling like we dont have enough time to accomplish all we need to in a given day. In many cases it is not a lack of time that is the problem, 8but rather it is poor time management skills that lead us to this dilemma. Time management means different thin
30、gs to different people. For some, it will be something as simple as making lists of “things to do“. For others, learning to use daily planners and organizers will help them to better manage their time. Regarding body stress, dealing with it often simply means dealing with the evident symptoms that a
31、re seen in the body. For example, when you see rapid, shallow chest breathing, you can counter that with the practice of more relaxed breathing technique. 9As you practice relaxation training, more choices open up to you, so you neednt react automatically in negative ways. When your stresses result
32、from negative thinking, 10you can practice meditation to reduce the stress. Meditation techniques have been shown to be effective in reducing heart rate and blood pressure, two common indicators of stress. OK. this is the end of the talk today. I hope it can offer you some practical advice on how to
33、 understand and manage your stress. 【知识模块】 讲座 11 【正确答案】 physical or emotional 【试题解析】 本题与 stress的定义相关，要求填入压力是身体对何种压力源(stressor)作出的反应。根据录音，压力是指身体对生理和心理上的刺激或者对压力源 (physical or emotional stimuli or stressors)作出的反应。故本题填入 physical or emotional。 【知识模块】 讲座 12 【正确答案】 heart rate 【试题解析】 本题要求填入压力给身体带来的可察觉的影响 (p
34、erceptible effects)之一。录音提到，可察觉的影响包括心率增加 (increased heart rate)，出汗(sweating)，肌肉紧张 (tense muscles)。故本题填入 heart rate。 【知识模块】 讲座 13 【正确答案 】 blood pressure 【试题解析】 本题要求填入压力给身体带来的察觉不到的影响 (imperceptible effects)之一。录音提到，察觉不到的身体影响包括血压增高 (increased blood pressure)和脂肪循环 (circulating fats)的改变。故本题填入 blood pressur
35、e。 【知识模块】 讲座 14 【正确答案】 immediate environment 【试题解析】 本题要求补全 situational stress(情景压力 )的 起因。根据录音，情景压力的起因是你身边的直接环境 (immediate environment)中的情景压力源。故本题填入 immediate environment。 【知识模块】 讲座 15 【正确答案】 physical symptoms 【试题解析】 本题要求填入 body stress(身体压力 )引起的症状。根据录音，身体应激反应导致明显的身体症状 (physical symptoms)。故本题填入 physic
36、al symptoms。 【知识模块】 讲座 16 【正确答案】 neglecting their bodies neglecting bodies 【试题解析】 本题要求填入 body stress的起因之一。录音提到了两个起因。其中一个起因是身体虐待 (abuse)，如过度饮酒 (consuming too much alcohol)或者运动过度 (exercising too much)，另外一个起因是忽视身体 (neglect their bodies)，如缺少足够的睡眠 (not getting enough sleep)和适当的营养 (proper nutrition)。 故本题应
37、填入 neglecting their bodies或者 neglecting bodies。 【知识模块】 讲座 17 【正确答案】 negatively 【试题解析】 本题要求填入 mind stress的起因。录音提到， mind stress(心理压力 )是由消极地感知生活事件造成的，故本题填入 negatively。 【知识模块】 讲座 18 【正确答案】 time management skills 【试题解析】 本题要求填入应对 situational stress的 方法。录音提到， situational stress通常源于我们感觉没有足够的时间在特定的时间内完成任务。大部
38、分情况下，这并不是缺少时间的问题，而是糟糕的时间管理技能 (poor time management skills)导致我们身处这样的困境 (dilemma)之中。因此，要应对 situational stress，就要学习时间管理技能。故本题填入 time management skills。 【知识模块】 讲座 19 【正确答案】 relaxation training 【试题解析】 本 题要求填入应对 body stress的方法。录音提到，当你练习放松训练 (practice relaxation training)时，你就会有更多的选择，所以就不必自动地以消极的方式应对压力了。故本题填入 relaxation training。 【知识模块】 讲座 20 【正确答案】 meditation 【试题解析】 本题要求填入应对 mind stress的方法。录音提到，当你的压力来源于消极想法 (negative thinking)时，你可以通过练习冥想 (meditation)来减少压力 。故本题填入 meditation。 【知识模块】 讲座
