1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 85及答案与解析 0 The cold and rainy weather in Paris has not stopped Joe Schaeffer,an American tourist from Milwaukee,Wisconsin, from visiting the City of Lights with his family of four. Nor have the citys expensive prices all the higher because of the huge drop in value of the American dol
2、lar compared to the European euro.“We were coming anyway,not matter the price. We might not stay as long. We might eat cheese sandwiches,“he said. At Notre Dame Cathedral a few blocks away, Linda Surma from Detroit, Michigan says she is also shocked by high prices in Paris these days. But Surma does
3、 not regret deciding to come to Paris,and has no plans to trim tourist attractions from her itinerary because of the expense even if she might not buy souvenirs. Paul Roll is managing director of the Paris Convention and Visitors Office. He says American tourists in Paris who numbered about 1.5 mill
4、ion last year tend to cut expenses when the dollar is weak,rather than cancel their trip. “We have no statistics on the subject,but we have seen over the years that when it gets more expensive to go to Europe, they downgrade the type of services they buy. Instead of going to a luxury hotel,they will
5、 go to a four-star hotel. Instead of going to a magnificent restaurant,they will go to something that has less stars on the Michelin(restaurant guide). “ But recently a number of Americans have been staying away from Paris altogetherand from Europe as a whole as the dollar reaches record lows agains
6、t the euro. Right now,it is nearly a $ 1.60 against the European currency a few years ago,the two currencies were about equal. Paris, has weathered a decline in tourism before notably in 2003,when trans-Atlantic differences over the Iraq War were at a high. At the time,the French tourist office laun
7、ched a campaign to woo back Americans,hiring American actor and director Woody Allen for a promotional clip titled:“Lets Fall in Love Again. “Roll says the Paris tourism bureau has no immediate plans for a new charm offensive, although some Paris hotels are offering fixed euro-to-dollar rates. In Pa
8、ris,Americans who are paid in dollars are also hurting. That includes Eleanor Beardsley,the correspondent for National Public Radio,the American public radio channel. “It is getting so bad I do not even look at the exchange rate every day. I do not go shopping anymore for clothes,“she said. “It is j
9、ust depressing. Every time you look at your bank statement online I might withdraw 300(euros),that is $500. It is just completely depressing and I do not see any end in sight. “ But American companies operating in Paris have been less affected by the dollars decline, according to Oliver Griffith, ma
10、naging director of the American Chamber of Commerce. Many of them hire Europeans,not Americans,who are paid in euros not dollars. “American companies that invest in France have not declined that drastically,“he explained. “Because a lot of the companies are multinational. They have assets in dollars
11、, euros, all over the place. They get some inputs in euro-denominated countries,others in dollar-denominated countries.“ Others are profiting from the slump. Griffith says French investment in the United States has climbed sharply during the past two years and America exporters are eyeing new opport
12、unities furnished by a cheaper dollar. 1 Which of the following could NOT get benefit from the devaluation of U. S. dollar? （ A） Foreign visitors in the U.S. （ B） Foreign investors. （ C） Exporters of America. （ D） American visitors to other countries. 2 Which of the following is the measure taken by
13、 French to arouse Americans enthusiasm? （ A） Hotel provides stable exchange rate. （ B） Government relaxes the requirement of tourist visa. （ C） Tour agencies offer discount to American visitors. （ D） Airline companies give preferential price to Americans. 3 Which of the following can be inferred fro
14、m the passage? （ A） The value of dollar will increase in the near future. （ B） Some American companies close down because of the slump. （ C） Americans are interested in European travels. （ D） Other countries benefit from the devaluation of dollar. 4 Why are American companies in France less affected
15、 by the dollars decline? （ A） They reduce the salaries of staff. （ B） Their property is in different currencies. （ C） They adjust their operation to adapt the new situation. （ D） They pay staff with euros instead of dollars. 5 What can we learn from the passage? （ A） Because of the devaluation of U.
16、 S. dollar,American visitors shorten their trip to Europe. （ B） Europe does not forecast the huge drop of American visitors. （ C） Not only Paris but the whole Europe witnesses the reduction of American tourists. （ D） The value of U. S. dollar has become historical low. 5 Municipal bans on smoking in
17、 restaurants and bars are highly controversial, but history shows they can also be highly effective. But are all smoking bans equally successful? The barkeep and blogger who writes as “Scribbler50“ was outraged when, in 2003, New York City enacted one of the first comprehensive smoking bans in bars
18、and restaurants-. “How can a guy and some board just kick us in the teeth like this? This smacks of fascism. “ If people are aware of the consequences of smoking or visiting places with lots of secondhand smoke, should the government really have to tell us what to do? Wont people just vote with thei
19、r feet and smoke even more when theyre at home and away from restrictions? Scribbler50s post inspired the physician who blogs as “PalMD“ last week to look up the research on the effectiveness of smoking bans. He found several studies showing that not only did workers in restaurants and bars show imp
20、roved health shortly after the bans were put in place, but smokers themselves also reduced the number of cigarettes they smoked. Overall, however, smoking rates remain persistently high, despite the common workplace smoking bans. Can other government measures help these smokers live healthier lives,
21、 or at least prevent people from taking up the habit? In the U. S. , warning messages have been in place on cigarette packages for decades. But the messages are rather clinical, for example: “Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, And May Complicate Pregnancy. “ What if packages contained more d
22、ramatic warnings? In January, psychologist and science writer Christian Jarrett looked at a small study of smokers reactions to cigarette warnings. The researchers measured self-esteem in student smokers, then showed them cigarette packages with either death-related warnings(“Smokers die earlier“)or
23、 esteem-related warnings(“Smoking makes you unattractive“). Students who derived self-esteem from smoking and saw the death-related warnings later viewed smoking more positively than those who saw the esteem-related warnings. For students whose smoking wasnt motivated by self-esteem, the effect was
24、reversed. So not all anti-smoking messages are equal; Depending on who the message is directed at, a morbid(病态的 )warning on a cigarette label may actually backfire. Scribbler50, for his part, is now a convert favoring smoking restrictions, at least in his narrow limits as a bartender. His patrons wh
25、o havent quit smoking say they smoke a lot less now that they have to go outside to get a nicotine fix. He doesnt miss emptying ashtrays, or the holier-than-thou(自以为是的 )customers who complained every time a fellow patron lit up, or working in a smoke-filled bar all night and going home “smelting lik
26、e you put out a three-alarm“. Would it be right to enact even more restrictions on smoking in the interest of public health? Its hard to deny that banning smoking in public, indoor spaces has been a huge success. Why not try out some stronger smoking bans? Parents in some areas are already restricte
27、d from smoking in cars with children, but I havent seen a study that evaluates the success of those measures. Perhaps a state or municipality could try extending the ban to homes, with provisions for studying the results. Its also possible that stronger measures would be counter-productive, like the
28、 stronger warnings on cigarette labels. Maybe well decide that at some level deciding whether or not to smoke should still be an individual choice. Or maybe in a few generations, it wont be necessary to regulate smoking: There wont be any smokers left. 6 According to the passage, what is Scribbler50
29、? （ A） A physician. （ B） A psychologist. （ C） A science writer. （ D） A bartender. 7 According to Christian Jarrett, which of the following signs can make a student motivated by self-esteem stop smoking? （ A） Cherish Your Health, Stop Smoking （ B） Smoking Makes Your Heart Stop Earlier （ C） Enjoy a Ci
30、garette, Regret a Whole Life （ D） You Look More Charming Without a Cigarette 8 Which of the following statements is CORRECT about smoking restriction according to the passage? （ A） Municipal bans on smoking in restaurants and bars are effective. （ B） Scribbler50 himself did some research on the effe
31、ctiveness of the bans on smoking. （ C） Christian Jarrett found the morbid signs on cigarettes are important. （ D） The measure that parents are restricted from smoking in cars with children is useful. 9 Whats the assumption of the author about smoking restriction according to the last paragraph? （ A）
32、 People can try out some gentler smoking bans. （ B） The municipality could try extending the smoking bans to homes. （ C） It will not be a personal choice to decide whether or not to smoke. （ D） It must still be necessary to restrict smoking after several generations. 10 What does the passage mainly
33、talk about? （ A） Scribbler50s attitude towards smoking bans. （ B） The research on how people can stop smoking. （ C） The effectiveness of smoking bans. （ D） Smoking bans in restaurants and bars. 10 Greg Woodburn, a sophomore at the University of Southern California, spends a lot of time cleaning snea
34、kers. Some of them once belonged to him; some belonged to his friends. But soon the shoes will have new owners: underprivileged children in the United States and 20 other countries, thanks to Woodburns Share Our Soles(S. O. S.)charity. “I started thinking about all the things I got from running the
35、health benefits, the friendships, the confidence,“ he says. “And I realized there are children who dont even have shoes.“ Woodburn gathered up his own stash of slightly worn sneakers, then put out a call to teammates and the town. His goal was to have 100 pairs by this Christmas. When the count clim
36、bed to more than 500 pairs, he decided to turn the shoe drive into a year-round endeavor. Back then, the sneakers came from donation boxes at the YMCA(Young Mens Christian Association)and the local sporting goods store and from door-to-door pickups. Woodburn has now set up collection boxes at two hi
37、gh schools, USCs gym and recreation center, and area races, and he has started accepting adult sizes and sandals. To date, S. O. S. has collected and donated more than 3,000 pairs. And Woodburn has cleaned almost all of them(his parents and trackmates help at exam time). “People think of it as dirty
38、 work,“ he says. “But I like doing it. Its inspiring. Its not work I want to pass off to someone else. “ After sorting the shoes by size, Woodburn selects the sturdiest pairs for the washing machine and the threadbare ones for recycling. The rest he piles up by the kitchen sink at his family home in
39、 Ventura, and using a scrub brush and dishwashing liquid, he gets in the zone. “As I work, I imagine who will get each pair,“ he says. It takes three to five minutes to clean one pair, he estimates, and hell do up to 100 pairs at a time. “I try to set aside a good amount of time. “ To ship the footw
40、ear, Woodburn teamed with Sports Gift, a non-profit organization that provides soccer and baseball equipment to children around the world. Keven Baxter, founder and president, says, “Wed send kids shin guards(护腿 ), balls, and shoes, and Id hear that for many of these kids, the cleats(防滑鞋 )were the o
41、nly pair of shoes they had. Theyd wear them to school and to do their chores. So Gregs running shoes were a nice addition for us. “ In just under three years, Woodburn has started three chapters of Share Our Soles: the original in Ventura, another at USC, and one at the College of the Holy Cross in
42、Massachusetts last January, when a student there wrote asking to get involved. For many recipients, the shoes represent opportunity. Two young boys in Southern California attended school on alternate days because they shared a pair of shoes, held together with duct tape(胶带 ). They were too big for o
43、ne boy and too small for the other. Thanks to S. O. S. , each brother received his own pair of shoes. The boys now attend school every day. When they graduate, they say, they will help a stranger, just as Woodburn helped them. 11 Which of the following is INCORRECT about Greg Woodburn? （ A） He is a
44、sophomore at the University of Southern California. （ B） He has cleaned almost all of the shoes by himself. （ C） He paid Sports Gift to ship the shoes to children around the world. （ D） He has started three chapters of Share Our Soles charity. 12 Why did Greg Woodburn gather worn shoes? （ A） Because
45、 he believed running can bring good health, friendships and confidence. （ B） Because he thought it was a waste of money to get rid of worn shoes. （ C） Because he wanted to help the poor children who dont even have shoes. （ D） Because he hoped more children would like to help strangers like him. 13 W
46、oodburns S. O. S. charity collected shoes by the following ways EXCEPT_. （ A） gathering up his friends stash of slightly worn sneakers （ B） recycling shoes with little fault from the sporting goods store （ C） collecting from the students of two high schools and the USC （ D） picking up worn shoes fro
47、m door to door in the town 14 What is Woodburns attitude towards cleaning shoes? （ A） Intolerable. （ B） Emotional. （ C） Enthusiastic. （ D） Indifferent. 15 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） Woodburn has been collecting worn shoes all the year around since the beginning （ B） Woodburns sh
48、oes were only a nice addition for the kids with no running shoes （ C） Woodburn started Share Our Soles charity at the University of Southern California （ D） two boys in Southern California received not only shoes but also the spirit of helping others 15 When bringing a newborn baby home from the hos
49、pital, most new parents expect a few sleepless nights. However, when an uninterrupted nights sleep becomes a distant memory, and it is no longer weeks, but months or years since you experienced one, a parent may grow angry, frustrated, and exhausted. Our firstborn, Robert, was nine-month-old when a girlfriend mentioned that her month-old daughter was regularly sleeping through the night. I was overcome with bitter envy, for it was a feat our son had yet to do. Finally, at twelve months, he slept an entire night. I was elated, b
