1、中国人民大学考博英语模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 They admitted that they shared the same_on the matter. （ A） potentiality （ B） sentiment （ C） postscript （ D） subscription 2 Mr. Browns condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will_. （ A） pull back （ B） pull up （ C） pull through （ D）
2、 pull out 3 The dealer wanted $ 500, I wanted to pay $ 400, and we finally agreed to _ the difference. （ A） divide （ B） split （ C） drop （ D） decrease 4 In the Pacific Northwest, as climate and topography vary, so do the species that prevail in the forests. （ A） dominate （ B） reproduce （ C） rebuild （
3、 D） invade 5 We cannot be_with him due to his misbehavior at the meeting yesterday. （ A） pecked （ B） reconciled （ C） perturbed （ D） presumed 6 She is _ to sprain her ankle because it is weak from 3 previous pains. （ A） prone （ B） disposed （ C） bound （ D） destined 7 Although diverse, African music ha
4、s certain distinctive traits, one of which is the use of repetition as an organizing principle. （ A） benefits （ B） features （ C） notions （ D） options 8 The preserved food should retain palatable appearance, flavor, and texture, as well as its original nutritional value. （ A） tasty （ B） stylish （ C）
5、delicate （ D） notable 9 The headlights of the approaching car were so_that the cyclist had to stop riding. （ A） gleaning （ B） staring （ C） gleaming （ D） dazzling 10 You know yourself better than anyone else. Do not undertake that project unless you can_it. （ A） complement （ B） compliment （ C） implem
6、ent （ D） supplement 11 Duke Ellington s_ orchestration techniques made him perhaps the most remarkable artist that jazz has produced. （ A） clever （ B） melodious （ C） intricate （ D） lyrical 12 Ive never _ the theory that people are more important than animals. （ A） subscribed to （ B） hung on （ C） eng
7、aged in （ D） indulged in 13 We were discussing the housing problem when a middle-aged man cut in and said, “Theres no point in talking about impossibilities.“ （ A） intersect （ B） interject （ C） penetrate （ D） adulterate 14 Big businesses enjoy certain _ that smaller ones do not have. （ A） transactio
8、ns （ B） privileges （ C） subsidies （ D） substitutes 15 Perhaps the only _ that physicists have are, for big science, the cultural appeal to the public of fundamental laws of nature and of the Universe. （ A） alley （ B） allies （ C） alloy （ D） allergy 16 I expect I shall go and see her _, but no regular
9、ly. （ A） actually （ B） sincerely （ C） merely （ D） occasionally 17 _was given by the committee to all of those who donated money. （ A） Recognition （ B） Attention （ C） Tribute （ D） Acknowledgement 18 No other newspaper columnist has managed as yet to of readership. （ A） though （ B） in spite of this （
10、C） even （ D） so far 19 The president striking an_tone on Israeli Palestinian relations after a week of ideal meeting with leaders from both sides of the conflict. （ A） outlandish （ B） optimistic （ C） jurisdictional （ D） sacramental 20 Reflecting on our exploration, we also discovered that people wil
11、l exploit the newness, vagueness, and breadth of the information Marketplace to support their wishes and predilections, _ they may be. （ A） whatsoever （ B） whatever （ C） whichever （ D） which 21 The year of 776 B.C.is considered to be the founding date of the Olympic Games in ancient Greece. The Game
12、s lasted more than 11 centuries _ they were banned in 393 A.D. （ A） when （ B） after （ C） as （ D） until 22 She _ the list of names to see if hers was on it. （ A） glanced （ B） gazed （ C） peered （ D） seamed 23 The old building is in a good state of _ except for the wooden floors. （ A） observation （ B）
13、preservation （ C） conservation （ D） compensation 24 Mr John is not _ now, but be will be well-known someday. （ A） significant （ B） prominent （ C） magnificent （ D） dominant 25 Our research has focused on a drug which is so _ as to be able to change brain chemistry. （ A） influential （ B） powerful （ C）
14、 monstrous （ D） rigorous 26 The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the_of the Russian winter. （ A） severity （ B） consequence （ C） influence （ D） threat 27 Some people think its _ to smoke with a cigarette holder. （ A） flexible （
15、 B） sophisticated （ C） versatile （ D） productive 28 You neednt worry about your lunch. At the party there will be food and drink in_. （ A） number （ B） abundance （ C） quantity （ D） quality 29 He stepped gingerly into the ramshackle old house. （ A） slowly （ B） recklessly （ C） cautiously （ D） alertly 3
16、0 _before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together. （ A） Had they arrived （ B） Would they arrive （ C） Were they arriving （ D） Were they to arrive 二、 Cloze 31 【 C14】 （ A） harshly （ B） huskily （ C） stricdy （ D） severely 31 Critics of early schooling cite research that
17、questions whether 4-year-old children are ready to take on formal learning. Educators find that【 21】 toddlers are more likely to succeed during. their school careers.【 22】 their younger counterparts are more likely to【 23】 . Kindergarten children who turn five during the【 24】 half of the year seem t
18、o be at a disadvantage when it【 25】 physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development. Additionally, children who are nearly six when they enter kindergarten【 26】 to receive better grades and score higher on achievement【 27】 throughout their schooling experience【 28】 do those who begin kinde
19、rgarten having just turned five. Being bright and verbally skillful and being ready for school do not seem to be the【 29】 thing. It is easy to confuse the superficial poise and sophistication of many of todays children【 30】 inner maturity. Indeed, evidence suggests that early schooling boomerangs: Y
20、oungsters【 31】 parents push them to attain academic success in preschool are less creative, have【 32】 anxiety about tests, and, by the end of kindergarten, fall to maintain their initial academic advantage【 33】 their less-pressured peers. Many psychologists and educators remain skeptical of approach
21、es that place 4-year-olds in a formal educational setting. They question【 34】 environmental enrichment can significantly alter the built-in developmental timetable of a child reared in a non-disadvantaged home. They do not deny, however, the【 35】 of day-care centers and nursery schools that provide
22、a homelike environment and allow children【 36】 freedom to play, develop at their own【 37】 , and evolve their social skills. But they point out that many of the things children once did in first grade are now【 38】 of them in kindergarten, and they worry lest more and more will now be asked of 4- year
23、-olds. These psychologists and educators believe we are driving young children too【 39】 and thereby depriving them of their【 40】 . （ A） older （ B） taller （ C） Stronger （ D） smarter （ A） since （ B） now that （ C） thereby （ D） whereas （ A） fall （ B） fall （ C） flee （ D） fear （ A） late （ B） later （ C） la
24、test （ D） latter （ A） lies in （ B） deals with （ C） comes to （ D） calls for （ A） help （ B） want （ C） end （ D） prefer （ A） tests （ B） trials （ C） performance （ D） competition （ A） that （ B） which （ C） then （ D） than （ A） easy （ B） hard （ C） same （ D） similar （ A） for （ B） against （ C） with （ D） toward
25、s （ A） and （ B） with （ C） those （ D） whose （ A） much （ B） more （ C） many （ D） most （ A） to （ B） against （ C） over （ D） than （ A） how （ B） that （ C） why （ D） whether （ A） value （ B） power （ C） consideration （ D） responsibility. （ A） possible （ B） reasonable （ C） imaginable （ D） considerable （ A） way
26、（ B） case （ C） pace （ D） means （ A） thought （ B） reminded （ C） expected （ D） regarded （ A） well （ B） hard （ C） badly （ D） directly （ A） memory （ B） childhood （ C） ambitions （ D） simplicity 51 The first man who cooked his food, instead of eating it raw, lived so long ago that we have no idea who he w
27、as or where he lived. We do know, however, that【 56】thousands of years food was always eaten cold and【 57】 . Perhaps the cooked food was heated accidentally by a【 58】 fire or by the melted lava from an erupting【 59】 . When people first tasted food that had been cooked, they found it tasted better. H
28、owever,【 60】 after this discover, cooked food must have remained a rarity【 61】 man learned how to make and light【 62】 . Primitive men who lived in hot regions could depend on the heat of the sun【 63】 their food. For example, in the desert【 64】 of the southwestern. United States, the Indians cooked t
29、heir food by【 65】 it on a flat【 66】 in the hot sun. They cooked piece of meat and thin cakes of corn meal in this【 67】 . We surmise that the earliest kitchen【 68】was stick【 69】 which a piece of meat could be attached and held over a fire. Later this stick was【 70】 by an iron rod or spit which could
30、be turned frequently to cook the meat【 71】 all sides. Cooking food in water was【 72】 before man learned to make water containers that could not be【 73】 by fire. The【 74】 cooking pots were reed or grass baskets in which soups, and stews could be cooked. As early as 166 B. C, the Egyptians had learned
31、 to make【 75】 permanent cooking pots out of sand stone. Many years later, the Eskimos learned to make similar pans. （ A） in （ B） on （ C） through （ D） for （ A） raw （ B） crude （ C） ready （ D） fresh （ A） forest （ B） cooked （ C） man-made （ D） lighting （ A） volcano （ B） cave （ C） mountain （ D） valley （ A
32、） though （ B） since （ C） soon （ D） even （ A） when （ B） which （ C） until （ D） as （ A） food （ B） a fire （ C） himself （ D） it （ A） to cook （ B） cooking （ C） cooked （ D） cook （ A） places （ B） realms （ C） areas （ D） domains （ A） beating （ B） frying （ C） drying （ D） placing （ A） stone （ B） board （ C） tabl
33、e （ D） plate （ A） zone （ B） sector （ C） method （ D） fashion （ A） utensil （ B） instrument （ C） tool （ D） equipment （ A） by （ B） over （ C） on （ D） to （ A） supported （ B） replaced （ C） changed （ D） switched （ A） by （ B） on （ C） over （ D） at （ A） incapable （ B） unavoidable （ C） impossible （ D） unpopular
34、 （ A） broken （ B） destroyed （ C） spoiled （ D） pierced （ A） newest （ B） latest （ C） first （ D） worst （ A） stronger （ B） better （ C） more （ D） longer 71 University Physics is intended for students of science and engineering. Primary emphasis is on physical principles and problem- 【 C1】 _ ; historical
35、background and specialized practical applications have been given a place of 【 C2】 _ importance. Many worked-out examples and an extensive collection of problems are included within each chapter. In this 【 C3】 _ edition, the basic philosophy and outline and the balance between depth of treatment and
36、【 C4】 _ of subject-matter coverage are unchanged from previous editions. We have tried to preserve those features that users of【 C5】_ editions have found desirable,【 C6】 _ incorporating a number of changes that should enhance the books usefulness. The textbook is adaptable to a wide variety of 【 C7】
37、 _ outlines. The entire textbook can be used for a(n)【 C8】 _ course two or three semesters in length. For a less intensive course, many instructors will want to【 C9】 _ certain chapters or sections to tailor the book to their individual needs. The arrangement of this edition facilitates this kind of
38、【 C10】 _ 72 【 C1】 _ 73 【 C2】 _ 74 【 C3】 _ 75 【 C4】 _ 76 【 C5】 _ 77 【 C6】 _ 78 【 C7】 _ 79 【 C8】 _ 80 【 C9】 _ 81 【 C10】 _ 81 Below is a summary of some of the main points of the passage. Read the summary and then select the best word or phrase from the box below according to the passage. You should de
39、cide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Malnutrition and the resulting impaired growth and development in children of weaning age in developing countries results not only from【 18】 but also from infections caused by contami
40、nated food. Studies have addressed the problem of inadequate intake by using sprouted grains in food preparation. Contamination has been tackled with【 19】 . Both of these methods are, or were, used traditionally and are practical and inexpensive. Fermented foods have higher【 20】 and also have anti-m
41、icrobial qualities. This means that contamination is decreased and that their【 21】 is increased. Fermentation occurs when【 22】 is left to stand, occasionally with simple additives. There is, however, a trend away from this【 23】 to commercial products. 87 Flowers for the Dead Since flowers symbolize
42、new life, it may seem inappropriate to have them at funerals. Yet people in many cultures top coffins or caskets with wreaths and garlands and put blossoms on the graves of the【 36】 . This custom is part of a widespread, long-lived pattern. Edwin Daniel Wolff speculated that floral tributes to the d
43、ead are an outgrowth of the grave goods of ancient【 37】 . In cultures that firmly believed in an【 38】 , and that believed further that the departed could enter that afterlife only【 39】 they took with them indications of their worldly status, it was a necessity to bury the dead with material goods: h
44、ence the wives and animals that were killed to accompany【 40】 rulers, the riches【 41】 with Egyptian pharaohs, and the coins that Europeans used to place on the departed persons eyes as payment for the Stygian ferryman. In time, as economy modified tradition, the actual【 42】 goods were replaced【 43】
45、symbolic representations. In China, for example, gold and silver paper became a stand-in【 44】 real money. Eventually even the symbolic significance became obscured. Thus, Wolff said, flowers may be the【 45】 step in “three well-marked stages of offerings to the dead: the actual object, its substitute
46、 in various forms, and finally mere tributes of respect.“ 三、 Reading Comprehension 97 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk normallybut would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in surgery, casts and bra
47、ces. By the time he was eight, you wouldnt know he had a problem when you saw him walk. The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play, and Joey would jump right in and run and play, too. We never told him that he probably wouldnt be able to run as well as the other chil
48、dren. So he didnt know. In seventh grade he decided to go out for the cross-country team. Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others - perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. Alt
49、hough the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to score points for the school. We didnt tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didnt know. He continued to run four to five miles a day, every dayeven the day he had a 103-degree fever. I was worried, so I went to look for him after school. I found him r
