1、中国人民大学考博英语模拟试卷 12及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Some events and phenomena of outer nature _ ordinary explanation and ordinary experience. （ A） transcend （ B） conquer （ C） prevail （ D） trespass 2 These areas rely on agriculture almost_, having few mineral recourses and a minimum of industrial d
2、evelopment. （ A） respectively （ B） extraordinarily （ C） incredibly （ D） exclusively 3 Left in the garage where it was damp, the wooden frame had_. （ A） tingled （ B） sizzled （ C） swindled （ D） warped 4 Jack admitted that he ought not to have made his mother angry, _? （ A） oughtnt he （ B） wasnt he （ C
3、） didnt he （ D） hadnt he 5 Although often extremely critical of the medical profession as a whole, people are rarely willing to treat their personal doctors with equal _. （ A） impulse （ B） sarcasm （ C） mockery （ D） contempt 6 The encouraging factor is that the_majority of people find the idea of cha
4、nge acceptable. （ A） numerous （ B） vast （ C） most （ D） massive 7 British hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered _ yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during the preliminary heats. （ A） a sharp set-back （ B） severe set-back （ C） a severe blown-up （ D） sharp blown-up 8 As a result of
5、 careless washing the jacket _ to a childs raze. （ A） compressed （ B） shrank （ C） dropped （ D） decreased 9 Among the first to come and live in North America _, who later prospered mainly in New England. （ A） had been Dutch settlers （ B） Dutch settlers were there （ C） were Dutch settlers （ D） Dutch s
6、ettlers had been there 10 It would then be replaced by an interim government, which would_be replaced by a permanent government after four months. （ A） in step （ B） in turn （ C） in practice （ D） in haste 11 Due to sluggish market conditions,the factorys workforce has_from over 4,000 to a few hundred
7、. （ A） proclaimed （ B） dwindled （ C） repressed （ D） indulged 12 All of us were impressed by her _ complexion. （ A） fluffy （ B） floral （ C） florid （ D） fluid 13 You must _ yourself, or they will continue to bully you, so you will go on living in disgrace. （ A） promote （ B） strengthen （ C） assert （ D）
8、 assess 14 The statement,“ Horses and cows, for example, rarely close their eyes“ aims to show that _. （ A） these animals rarely need any rest （ B） they almost always keep alert to danger （ C） they often stay awake （ D） their eyes are rarely closed even when they are asleep 15 Animals that are good
9、sleepers _. （ A） need to have a good sleep after they have exhausted themselves by getting rid of hunting animals （ B） need to have a good sleep after they get tired from hunting other animals （ C） are all mammals （ D） almost always have a safe resting place 16 Although there are several variations
10、on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their _ aspects. （ A） potential （ B） social （ C） essential （ D） partial 17 The _ of his first novel appeared in The Times yesterday; no doubt he was very happy to see that. （ A） survey （ B） inspection （ C） appraisal （ D） review 18
11、 The famous actress was imposed heavy_for non-payment of taxes. （ A） disrepute （ B） penalties （ C） popularity （ D） scandal 19 The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers fears were completely _ . （ A） unjustified （ B） unjust （ C） misguided （ D） unaccepted 20 The change in the treatment of hi
12、s characters is a significant _ to Shakespeares growth as a dramatist. （ A） label （ B） signal （ C） mark （ D） index 21 These people actively try to_what they believe to be bad English and assiduously cultivate what they hope to be good English. （ A） suppress （ B） regress （ C） enhance （ D） revive 22 T
13、he little boy _ his father by begging over and over to go to the zoo. （ A） plagued （ B） preyed on （ C） prevailed upon （ D） raided 23 Though _ rich, ha was better off than at any other period in his life. （ A） by any means （ B） by some means （ C） by all means （ D） by no means 24 The magician made us
14、think he cut the girl into pieces, but it was merely an _. （ A） illusion （ B） impression （ C） image （ D） illumination 25 We are prepared to satisfy all your _ claims. （ A） legitimate （ B） legible （ C） intimate （ D） legislative 26 The company has been forced to _ 200 employees due to financial proble
15、ms. （ A） dilapidate （ B） tarry （ C） sprawl （ D） jettison 27 It was _ by the railway board that the cost of rail fares would be increased by ten percent. （ A） noticed （ B） stated （ C） proposed （ D） informed 28 Fewer and fewer of todays workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field, _
16、the same company. （ A） far more （ B） much worse （ C） less likely （ D） let alone 29 Psychologists believe that children are easily influenced by their_. （ A） conditions （ B） combinations （ C） peers （ D） granaries 30 He never felt that being disabled_him of all moral responsibility to himself and his
17、community. （ A） released （ B） relieved （ C） removed （ D） relied 二、 Cloze 30 For the people who have never traveled across the Atlantic the voyage is a fantasy. But for the people who cross it frequently one crossing of the Atlantic is very much like another, and they do not make the voyage for the 【
18、 C1】 _ of its interest. Most of us are quite happy when we feel 【 C2】 _ to go to bed and pleased when the journey 【 C3】 _ . On the first night this time I felt especially lazy and went to bed 【 C4】 _ earlier than usual. When I 【 C5】 _ my cabin, I was surprised 【 C6】 _ that I was to have a companion
19、during my trip, which made me feel a little unhappy. I had expected 【 C7】 _ but there was a suitcase 【 C8】 _ mine in the opposite comer. I wondered who he could be and what he would be like. Soon afterwards he came in, He was the sort of man you might meet 【 C9】 _ , except that he was wearing 【 C10】
20、 _ good clothes that I made up my mind that we would not 【 C11】 _ whoever he was and did not say 【 C12】 _ . As I had expected, he did not talk to me either but went to bed immediately. I suppose I slept for several hours because when I woke up it was already the middle of the night. I felt cold but
21、covered 【 C13】 _ , as well as I could and tries to go back to sleep. Then I realized that a 【 C14】 _ was coming from the window opposite. I thought perhaps I had forgotten 【 C15】 _ the door, so I got up 【 C16】 _ the door but found it already locked from the inside. The cold air was coming from the w
22、indow opposite, I crossed the room and 【 C17】 _ the moon shone through it on to the other bed. 【 C18】 _ . there. It took me a minute or two to 【 C19】 _ the door myself. I realized that my companion 【 C20】 _ through the window into the sea. 31 【 C1】 _ （ A） reason （ B） motive （ C） cause （ D） sake 32 【
23、 C2】 _ （ A） tired enough （ B） enough tired （ C） enough tiring （ D） enough tiring 33 【 C3】 _ （ A） is achieved （ B） finish （ C） is over （ D） is in the end 34 【 C4】 _ （ A） quite （ B） rather （ C） fairly （ D） somehow 35 【 C5】 _ （ A） arrived in （ B） reached to （ C） arrived to （ D） reached at 36 【 C6】 _ （
24、A） for seeing （ B） that I saw （ C） at seeing （ D） to see 37 【 C7】 _ （ A） being lonely （ B） to be lonely （ C） being alone （ D） to be alone 38 【 C8】 _ （ A） like （ B） as （ C） similar than （ D） the same that 39 【 C9】 _ （ A） in each place （ B） for all parts （ C） somewhere （ D） anywhere 40 【 C10】 _ （ A） a
25、 so （ B） so （ C） such a （ D） such 41 【 C11】 _ （ A） treat together well （ B） pass together well （ C） get on well together （ D） go by well together 42 【 C12】 _ （ A） him a single word （ B） him not one word （ C） a single word to him （ D） not one word to him 43 【 C13】 _ （ A） up me （ B） up myself （ C） up
26、to myself （ D） myself up 44 【 C14】 _ （ A） draft （ B） voice （ C） air （ D） sound 45 【 C15】 _ （ A） to close （ B） closing （ C） to have to close （ D） for closing 46 【 C16】 _ （ A） to shut （ B） for shutting （ C） in shutting （ D） but shut 47 【 C17】 _ （ A） while doing like that （ B） as I did like that （ C） a
27、s I did so （ D） at doing so 48 【 C18】 _ （ A） It was no one （ B） There was no one （ C） It was anyone （ D） There was anyone 49 【 C19】 _ （ A） remind to lock （ B） remember to lock （ C） remind locking （ D） remember locking 50 【 C20】 _ （ A） had to jump （ B） was to have jumped （ C） must have jumped （ D） co
28、uld be jumped 50 Unconsciously, we all carry with us【 51】 have been called “body bubbles“. These bubbles are like invisible wails【 52】 define our personal space. The amount of space changes【 53】 on the interpersonal relationship. For example, we are usually more comfortable standing closer to family
29、 members than to【 54】 . Personality【 55】determines the size of this space. Introverts often prefer to interact with others at a greater distance than【 56】 . Cultural styles are important too. A Japanese【 57】 and employee usually stand farther apart while talking than their American counterparts. Lat
30、in Americans and Arabs tend to【 58】 closer together than Americans when talking. For Americans,【 59】 in social conversation is about an arms length to four feet. Less space in the American culture may be associated【 60】 greater intimacy or aggressive behavior. The common practice of saying “Excuse m
31、e,“ or “Pardon me“ for the slightest accidental touching of another person reveals an American attitude about personal space. Thus when a persons “space“ is intruded【 61】 by someone, he or【 62】 may feel【 63】 and react defensively. In cultures【 64】 close physical contact is acceptable and desirable,
32、Americans may be Perceived【 65】 cold and distant. Culture does not always【 66】 the messages that our body movements【 67】 Contexts, personalities, and relationships also influence them. Therefore, no two people in any one society have the same nonverbal behavior. However, like verbal language,【 68】co
33、mmunication cannot be completely separated【 69】 culture.【 70】 we emphasize differences or similarities, the “silent language“ is much louder than it first appears. 71 【 C5】 （ A） if （ B） because （ C） so that （ D） before 71 A teacher is someone who communicates information or skill so that someone els
34、e may learn. Parents are the【 51】 teachers. Just by living with their child and【 52】 their everyday activities with him, they teach him their language, their values and their manners. Information and skills difficult to teach【 53】 family living are taught in a school by a person【 54】 special occupat
35、ion is teaching. Before 1900 it【 55】 widely assumed that a man was qualified to teach if he could read and write and【 56】 qualified if he knew arithmetic. With modest【 57】 like these, it is no【 58】 that teachers had low salaries and little prestige. Literature and history frequently portray teachers
36、【 59】 fools and ignoramuses. By the late 19th century, there were【 60】 that the status of teachers was slowly【 61】 . Great educators such as Mann and Henry Barnard, and innovative thinkers such as Dewey and Parker began to command a【 62】 that in a few decades had to some【 63】 permeated classrooms in
37、 the United States. Progress was more glacial than meteoric, however,【 64】 the last half of the century. In the 20th century the status of teachers rose as the standards【 65】 their education rose. By 1950 the average teacher had an education that greatly exceeded that of the average citizen. 86 Ever
38、y geologist is familiar with the erosion cycle. No sooner has an area of land been raised alive sea-level than it becomes subject to the erosive forces of nature. The rain beats down on the ground and washed【 51】 the finer particles, sweeping them into rivulets and then into rivers and out to sea. T
39、he frost freezes the rain water in cracks of the rocks and breaks【 52】 even the hardest of the constituents of the earths crust. Blocks of rock dislodged at high levels are brought down by the force of gravity. Alternate heating and【 53】 of bare rock surfaces causes their disintegration. In the dry
40、regions of the world the wind is a powerful force in removing material from one area to another. All this is natural. But nature has also provided certain defensive forces. Bare rock surfaces are in【 54】 course protected by soil itself dependent initially on the weathering of the rocks. Slowly【 55】
41、surely, different types of soil with differing “profiles“ evolve the main types depending primarily on the climate. The protective soil covering, once it is formed, is held together by the growth of vegetation. Grass and herbaceous plants,【 56】 long, branching tenuous roots, hold firmly together the
42、 surface particles. The【 57】 is true with the forest cover. The heaviest tropical down- pours beating on the leave of the giant trees reach the ground only【 58】 spray, gently watering the surface layers and penetrating along the long passages provided by the roots to the lower levels of the soil. Th
43、e soil, thus protected by grass, herb, or trees, furnishes a quiet habitat for a myriad varied organisms-earth-worms that importantly modify the soil, bacteria, active in their work of converting【 59】 leaves and decaying vegetation into humus and food for the growing plants. Chemical action is const
44、antly taking【 60】 . Soil acids attack mineral particles and salts in solution move from one layer in the soil to another. 96 Although most people return from package holidays reasonably satisfied, this is not always the【 C1】 _. Take, for instance, the nightmare experience of a Frenchman who went on【
45、 C2】 _to Colombia The hotel in the small Caribbean port was over-booked. The holidaymaker was【 C3】 _round the streets, looking for a【 C4】_and breakfast place, when he was arrested for vagrancy. He was【 C5】 _, where he told the magistrate that it was the hotels【 C6】 _. The magistrate was the hotel-ow
46、ners brother, and he charged the tourist【 C7】 _making false accusations and sent him to prison for【 C8】 _had left He had insufficient funds to buy a return ticket, 【 C9】 _he went to the Post Office to send a telegram to his home in Montpellier, asking for money. He was【 C10】 _before he could send it
47、 This time he was charged with legal【 C11】 _. It was explained that, having missed his return【 C12】 _, he could no longer be classified as a tourist He now needed a work【 C13】 _, he didnt have one. He was fined $ 500 for this【 C14】_.and a further $ 500 when he again blamed the hotel for overbooking.
48、 His【 C15】 _was confiscated because he couldnt pay the fines. He hitch-hiked to Bogota【 C16】 _the consulate finally arranged to send him home. All things【 C17】 _, I would prefer to plan my holiday independently. 【 C18】 _my view, its safer to “do it yourself“. And the advantages of planning your holiday yourself are【 C19】 _. If it is well-planned, an independent holiday can usually be good【 C20】 _for money.
