1、口译二级实务模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1
2、 It is a pleasure to be here today to commemorate the first Earth Day with you by looking through this “Window on the American Environment“. While I have not yet viewed the television series, from the accompanying book I can see that it is a very ambitious effort. The producers have interviewed a la
3、rge number of environmental leaders in the United States, from early founders back in the 1970s through those involved in the contemporary movement. / I am sure you will hear many different opinions, because the diversity of the American environmental movement is part of its strength. The ability of
4、 individuals and non-governmental organizations to express their opinions and make their voices heard in the press and in the electoral process is the root of the movement and why it flourishes today. I vividly remember going outdoors with my elementary school class on Earth Day 1970 to examine our
5、environment by looking at what grew in the pond behind our school. The motto of that first Earth Day was “think globally, act locally“, and our young teacher wanted us to better understand what was right around us. / Nowadays teachers have access to all sorts of wonderful educational materials to he
6、lp students study the environment and learn about concepts like biodiversity, climate change and protection of the ozone layer that were still foreign to us in 1970. But we knew then about toxic chemicals, deforestation, water pollutionthe subject of our pond studyand land use issues, and we were le
7、arning to understand how much of an impact these could make on our futures. / Earth Day 1970 was a novel idea proposed by individualsnot a governmentthat grew on its own, so that in that very first year, over 20 million Americans participated. We said, “think globally“, but Americans were not yet th
8、inking as much beyond their borders as we do today. Equally it would have been unimaginable in 1970 that China would air a 22-part television series on the United States. It would be another two years before the images of President Nixons famous trip to China would be broadcast on our television scr
9、eens in the United States and we started to have the opportunity to learn about each other. / Today the United States and China have a great deal to celebrate together for Earth Day. We are working together in areas from water conservation to the protection of endangered species to the development o
10、f new, cleaner sources of energy. We have an active program to work with Beijing to support its goal of a Green Olympics in 2008. Together we are researching climate change and exploring the possibilities for using hydrogen and fusion as energy sources. The United States government, through agencies
11、 like the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Energy, the Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Parks Service and dozens more has an active program of cooperation with its Chinese counterparts. / 2 Seventeen years after the fall of the Berlin wall, a reunified Germany will throw ope
12、n its doors to the world. Germany 2006 will be a place where people from all around the word will be welcomed by friends. The tournament is being held on the finest stage in the world, one whose symbolism far transcends the boundaries of sport. Hark back to Germanys triumph at the 1954 FIFA World Cu
13、p in Switzerland, which sealed the countrys return to the international fold in the most beautiful manner possible. / In 2006, Germans will have the opportunity to rectify certain clichs and preconceived ideas. The world will have the chance to see what a fantastic country Germany truly is: the beau
14、ty and diversity of its landscapes, its rich cultural heritage and the intelligence and good humor of its people. As for the legendary German work ethic and organizational skills, I am pleased to say those perennial qualities are alive and welland we at FIFA are only too happy to take advantage of t
15、hem. / For at all levels, the overall investment in any World Cup tournament is immense. The event is financially supported by the German state, but also by the “lender“ and the Host Cities. I would like to take this opportunity to offer my heartfelt thanks to all those who are currently working wit
16、h such passion and commitment to make the occasion a memorable one. Todays efforts will bear fruit tomorrow. German football, for example, will boast twelve spanking new or vastly improved stadiums in 2006. The whole German population too will benefit in terms of better transport and reception infra
17、structures. / Football clubs, schools and people all over the land have really got behind this great event, providing further proof, if any were needed, of the prominent role football plays in all our lives. In this respect I would like to congratulate the German Football Association for inviting pe
18、ople from all walls of life to take part in this great event. Like Mexico, Italy and France, Germany is now organizing its second FIFA World Cup. Back in 1974 when it first held the World Cup, only sixteen sides took part, including the now-defunct German Democratic Republic (GDR) and Zaire. The lat
19、ter were the only representative from the African continent and conceded fourteen goals with no reply. / The 2006 tournament will be a vastly different affair. Thirty-two teams will have qualified, including five from Africa, all of whom now perform at a far higher level. These performances bear wit
20、ness to FIFA s efforts in the last quarter of a century to help me nations of the football world to compete on an equal footing. I will have the immense pleasure of welcoming you amongst my friends in Germany. We look forward to seeing you in 2006 to celebrate this unity! / 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English
21、 Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 3 当今是法行天下的时代。国运之兴盛，政治之昌明，社会之稳定，经济之发展，民族之团结，文化
22、之繁荣，人民之安居乐业，都离不开法律之维系和法律之 保障。中国也不例外。 一个国家采取什么样的治国方略，关系着国家的前途和命运。 20世纪末，拥有十二亿人口的中国向全世界宣示了它的治国方略 依法治国，并在此道路上迈出了坚实的步伐：一个适应社会主义市场经济的法律体系正在发育成熟；一个转变政府职能、严格依法行政的变革正在有序进行；一场围绕公正与效率的司法体制改革正在不断深化；一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。 诸位知道，实现经济发展，宪法是最重要最根本的法律保障。新中国成立初期，对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义 改造后，公有制成了主要所有制模式，私有经济没有合法的地
23、位；计划经济成了主要的经济体制模式，企业自身没有经营的自主权；按劳分配成了主要的分配模式，公民没有按劳分配收入外的其他收入。在这种经济制度下，中国的经济发展非常缓慢。 1978年，中国开始实行改革开放。 1988年，中国对现行宪法进行第一次修正，确认了私有经济的合法地位； 1993年，中国对现行宪法又进行了修正，明确国家实行社会主义市场经济。宪法的变革，促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展，促进了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善，给中国的政治、经济、 社会生活带来了深刻变革。 4 上个世纪 70年代末，我参加了第四次全国文代会，大会上小平同志致辞时获得的长时间的热烈掌声给我留下了极深的印象。这
24、次大会是文艺界经历十年浩劫后的第一次盛会，也是小平同志复出后第一次代表党中央、国务院同广大文艺工作者见面。 1960年的第三次文代会后，文艺界一直处于 “多事之秋 ”。由于林彪、 “四人帮 ”推行极 “左 ”路线，许多有杰出贡献的作家、艺术家相继被打成 “走资派 ”或 “反动权威 ”，受到打击，有的被迫害致死。许多本来优秀的作品或正确的理论观点，被扣上 “毒草 ”的帽子， 受到批判清剿。经过十多年的折腾，文艺界已经溃不成军了。 小平同志的 “致辞 ”就是代表中央对文艺界重新估价，也是来为文艺工作者鼓劲的。我记得，小平同志一走到讲台，全场就响起雷鸣般的掌声。此后在小平同志的整个讲话里，全场一次次
25、地响起热烈的、暴风雨般的掌声。 记得很多年前，塔斯社在发表苏联领导人讲话时，在每个段落之后都要用括号标明 “掌声 ”、 “热烈掌声 ”、 “暴风雨般的掌声 ”、 “雷鸣般的掌声 ”，来表现演讲效果。后来听说，有些不完全符合事实。但是，用这些词形容小平同志的讲话，确实是一点也不过分，那些掌声确 实是非常真诚和由衷的。 口译二级实务模拟试卷 2答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. S
26、tart interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1 【正确答案】 我很高兴来到这里与大家一起通过美国环境之窗这个节目纪念第一个地球日。虽然我还没有看过这个电视系列片。但我通过配套的介绍材料知道这是一个大手笔。节目制作者采访了很多美国环保运动领袖，从七十年代的早期创始人到当代环保运动的参与者。 / 我确信你们在这里会听到许多不同的观点
27、，因为美国环保运动的多样性正是其强大影响力的部分原因。个人以及非政府组织能够表达自己的观点 并在新闻媒体及选举过程中发表看法，这些正是美国环保运动的基础，也是其至今长盛不衰的原因。1970年那个地球日仍然让我记忆犹新。当时我在上小学，那天我和同学们走到室外通过观察学校后面池塘里的生物来了解我们的环境。那是第一个地球日，口号是“心系全球，从我做起 ”。我们年轻的老师希望我们更好地了解周围的环境。 / 现在的老师们有各种各样精彩的教材来帮助学生们了解环境，学习诸如生物多样性、气候变化和臭氧层保护等概念。而在七十年代，这些概念对我们来说仍是陌生的。但是我们听说过有毒化学物质、荒漠化以及我们那次池塘
28、研究的题目 水污染，还有土地使用问题。我们当时通过学习去了解这些对我们的未来会产生多大的影响。 / 1970年地球日的创意是由个人，而不是政府提出的，因此它依靠其自身的力量发展壮大。在第一年就有 2千万美国人参与到活动中来。我们说 “心系全球 ”，但那时美国人还没有像现在这样真正的想到美国本土以外的情况。同样，在 1970年的中国，播出一部 22集有关美国的电视系列片也是不可想象的。又过了两年之后，美国总统尼克松访华的画面才在美国的电视里播出，我们才开始有机会相互了解。/ 今天，美国和中国在地球日 这一天有许多共同的庆祝活动。我们两国在水土保持，濒危物种保护，新清洁能源开发等很多领域进行协作。
29、我们现在正与北京进行积极的合作以支持其 2008年绿色奥运的目标。我们还在进行气候变化的研究，并探索将氢能及核聚变作为能源加以利用的可能性。美国政府，通过美国环保局，能源部。鱼和野生动物署，国家公园管理局以及其他几十个这样的机构，正与中方的合作伙伴开展有效的合作。 / 2 【正确答案】 推倒柏林墙的 17年后，一个重新统一的德国将向世界敞开它的大门。 2006年的德国将成为世界各国人民欢聚一堂、结交朋友的场 所。本届世界杯将在全世界最好的赛场进行，它的象征意义已远远超越了体育的范畴。 1954年德国在瑞士赢得世界杯冠军，以最优美的姿态重返世界大家庭。 / 2006年，德国人将有机会改变某些关于
30、德国的陈腐之词和先入为主的观念；整个世界也将有机会亲眼目睹真实的德国是怎样奇妙的一个国度：它美丽多姿的风景、丰富的文化遗产和聪慧友善的人民。至于德国久负盛名的职业道德和组织才能，我很高兴地告诉大家这些固有的优秀品质现在依然很好地保持着，国际足联也很高兴有机会利用这一点。 / 每届世界杯的投入从各个层面上来说都 是巨大的。这项赛事不仅由德国国家资助，同时也得到来自 “出借方 ”和主办城市的资助。我很高兴利用这个机会向工作者表示衷心的感谢，他们热情尽职的工作使得这次赛事成为令人难忘的记忆。今天的努力将在明天收获丰硕的成果。在 2006年，德国足球界将拥 12个崭新或大幅度改良的体育场，德国人民也将
31、受益于更好的交通和接待设施。 / 德国的足球俱乐部、学校以及全体德国人民都全力支持这项盛大赛事，进一步证明了足球在我们所有人的生活中所发挥的非凡作用，而这一点其实已无需证明。在这方面，我要祝贺德国足协能邀请到社会各阶层的人民 参与这项盛会。和墨西哥、意大利、法国一样，德国现在是第二次主办世界杯比赛。 1974年当德国第一次主办世界杯时，只有 16支球队参加比赛，包括现在已不存在的民主德国和扎伊尔。扎伊尔是来自非洲大陆的唯一代表。他们 14次被攻破大门而无一进球。 / 2006年的世界杯将是完全不同的一届世界杯， 32支球队将有资格参赛，其中 5支球队来自非洲，他们的水平大有提高。这些成绩见证了
32、国际足联在过去 25年中为帮助各国球队平等竞技所做出的努力。我将非常高兴地欢迎大家来到德国朋友中间。我们期待着能在 2006看到您和我们共同庆祝 这一欢聚 ! / 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are lis
33、tening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 3 【正确答案】 Todays world is based on rule of law. The prosperity of a nation, the flourishing of its political life, the stability of its society, the development of its economy, the unity of its ethnic communities, the thriving of its cultu
34、re and the well-being and happiness of its people, all hinge on the maintenance of law and order and the integrity of the legal system. China is no exception. What a nation adopts for its national strategy will have a lot to do with its future and destiny. Towards the end of 20th century, China, a c
35、ountry of 1.2 billion people, made it clear to the world that it would run the country in accordance with law, and has since taken solid steps forward along this path. A system of laws that meets the needs of the socialist market economy is taking shape. A reform that transforms the functions of gov
36、ernment and makes administration more strictly law-based is under way in an orderly fashion. A judicial restructuring that aims to ensure greater justice and efficiency is deepening steadily. And a grand social campaign that educates the hundreds of millions in the importance of the law is proceedin
37、g into greater depth. As you know, the constitution of a country is the most important and most fundamental legal guarantee for its economic development. In the early years of New China, public ownership emerged as the dominant form of ownership after the socialist transformation of agriculture, han
38、dcraft and capitalist industry and commerce, and the private ownership had no lawful status. Planned economy became the dominant mode of the economy, and enterprises had no right to operate their businesses independently. Distribution according to work became the dominant mode of distribution, and c
39、itizens had no income from other sources. Under such an economic system, Chinas economy developed at a snails pace. In 1978, China launched its reform and opening up program. In 1988, the country amended its constitution for the first time, recognizing the lawful status of the private economy. In 19
40、93, it amended the constitution again, making it clear that the state practiced the socialist market economy. These amendments have promoted both the public and private sectors of the economy, boosted Chinas comprehensive national strength, improved the quality of life of its people, and brought pro
41、found changes to Chinas political, economic and social life. 【试题解析】 本文主要讨论中国法制建设，深入分析了中国法制建设的思路，说明了法制建设的过程和展望。本文要求应试者具有相关中国政治方面的概念常识，能够正确理解并翻译某些术语，这些知识构成基本素质的考查点。此外，应试者还需根据英语语言习惯，重新整理中文句子结构，在此基础上，应试者要灵活处理对某些单词或短语的翻译，使之不仅正确，还应符合上下文语境的要求。 -基本素质采分点 1司法体制改革 judicial restructuring 2宪法 constitution 3公有制 p
42、ublic ownership 4计划经济 planned economy 5按劳分配 distribution according to work 6改革开放 reform and opening up 7社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy -结构理解采分点 1国运之兴 盛，政治之昌明，社会之稳定，经济之发展，民族之团结，文化之繁荣，人民之安居乐业，都离不开法律之维系和法律之保障。 该句的信息量很大，根据其句式特点和口译对时间的要求，可将句子前部分的七个短语译为并列主语，使句子最后一部分充当谓宾成分。因此，原句可译为“The prosperity of a n
43、ation， the flourishing of its political life， the stability of its society， the development of its economy， the unity of its ethnic communities， the thriving of its culture and the well-being and happiness of its people， all hinge on the maintenance of law and order and the integrity of the legal sy
44、stem ” 2一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。该句先确定主语部分为 “宏大社会工程 ”，中文句子有时前置定语过 长，翻译时需要使用定语从句、非谓语动词短语等形式变为后置定语。因此，原句可译为 “And a grand social campaign that educates the hundreds of millions in the importance of the law is proceeding into greater depth ” 3新中国成立初期，对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义改造后，公有制成了主要所有制模式，私有经济没有合法的地位。
45、 该句需要根据原文的逻辑特点，最后一部分分句与前面部分意思相对松散，确定使用并列句的句式，并将句中 “对 改造后 ”的译文放在分句主干结构后面，以突出句子的主要结构和内容，这与汉语将修饰部分往往前置的特点恰恰相反。因此，原句可译为 “In the early years of New China， public ownership emerged as the dominant form of ownership after the socialist transformation of agriculture，handcraft and capitalist industry and com
46、merce， and the private ownership had no lawful status ” 4 1998年，中国对现行宪法进行第一次修正，确认了私有经济的合法地位。为使译文紧凑，使用简单句表达，原结构中另一个动词短语 “确认 ” 以分词短语形式出现，在句中做状语。因此，原句可译为 “In 1988， the country amended its constitution for the first time， recognizing the lawful status of the private economy ” 5宪法的变革，促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展，促进
47、了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善，给中国的政治、经济、社会生活带来了深刻变革。该句信息量大，根据多为动宾词组的特点，可考虑使用并列谓语。因此，原句可译为“These amendments have promoted both the public and private sectors of the economy, boosted Chinas comprehensive national strength， improved the quality of life of its people， and brought profound changes to Chinas politic
48、al， economic and social life ” -言语表达采分点 1治国方略 national strategy 2依法治国 run the country in accordance with law 3转变政府职能 transform the functions of the government 4严格依法行政 make administration strictly law-based 5正在进行 be under way 6公正与效率 justice and efficiency 7经营自主权 right to operate business independentl
49、y 8发展非常缓慢 develop at a snails pace 9修正 amendment 10综合国力 comprehensive national strength 4 【正确答案】 Towards the end of the 1970s, I attended the 4th National Conference on Culture and Art Work. The long and enthusiastic ovation Comrade Deng Xiaoping received during his speech left a deep impression on me. This was the first culture and art gathering after the disastrous decade of “cultural revolut
