1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 75及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 A good book may absorb our attention so completely that we forget our surroundings and
2、even our identity for the time being. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2 Good books can decrease our contentment when we are cheerful and lessen our troubles when we are sad. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 With only a good book we are very likely to feel lonely. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 According to the talk, only rea
3、l characters portrayed in books may become our friends. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends in books may also be hurt by us. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Good books can provide us with a wide range of experiences. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Your wish to visit som
4、e far-off places can be realized by just reading books. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 “To travel by book“ means to take imaginary journeys to the places mentioned in the book. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 We can make a
5、 round-the-world trip free of charge if we finish reading enough books. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What was NOT true about the professor? （ A） He
6、 believed in what he taught. （ B） He would telephone his students sometimes. （ C） He was full of honour. （ D） He would talk about paintings, recordings and pieces of sculpture in class. 12 According to the. speaker, what can make learning more lasting? （ A） Sense of humor. （ B） Imaginative explanati
7、on. （ C） Well prepared and clearly delivered lectures. （ D） Getting on with the professor well. 13 What quality of the Italian professor does the speaker NOT mention? （ A） His devotion to teaching. （ B） His easy-going manners. （ C） His capacity of sculpturing. （ D） His lively wit. 14 Which of the fo
8、llowing statements about the telephone of the future is NOT true? （ A） It will be much more complex than the telephone we use today. （ B） It will be more convenient to use than todays telephone. （ C） You will be able to dial great distances. （ D） There will be no busy lines. 15 The screens of televi
9、sion of the future will become _. （ A） extremely large （ B） as large as walls in home （ C） as large as the screens of movies （ D） as large as you wish 16 What will happen to the programs of television of the future? （ A） All TV sets can receive some programs without paying money in a certain area. （
10、 B） You may pay for some special programs if you like. （ C） If you are interested in a certain subject, you may borrow some video tapes about it. （ D） All of the above. 17 Frank Damrosch was born in _. （ A） 1871 （ B） 1862 （ C） 1885 （ D） 1859 18 1897 was the year Frank Damrosch _. （ A） became the dir
11、ector of music in the New York public schools （ B） became the conductor of the Oratorio Society and the Symphony Society （ C） became chorus master at the Metropolitan Operas （ D） founded the Institute of Musical Art in New York 19 In 1885, Walter Johannes Damrosch _. （ A） was made director of music
12、in the New York public schools （ B） founded the Institute of Musical Art in New York （ C） came to New York with his father （ D） succeeded Leopold as conductor of the Oratorio Society and the Symphony Society 20 After the talk the audience will _. （ A） listen to some music conducted by Frank Damrosch
13、 （ B） listen to some music written by Frank Damrosch （ C） write a paper on the Damrosch family （ D） watch some slides about Damrosch Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN TH
14、REE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 What did the sailors plan to do to Dionysos? 22 According to Greek legend, what dolphins originally were? 23 On what are dolphins often found in Greek? (Name two things) 24 A
15、ccording to Greek culture, what do dolphins symbolize? 25 What kind of stories about dolphins and man appear in Greek legend most? 26 What Was Arian? 27 What did Arian do to the untrustworthy sailors before he jumped into the sea? 28 What happened to Arian when he jumped into the sea? 29 What do som
16、e people obviously think the Greek stories to be? 30 What does the lecturer want to tell the audience? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Thomas Aquinas, w
17、ho knew more about education and persuasion than almost anybody who ever lived, once said that when you want to convert someone to your view, you go over to (31) he is standing, take him (32) the hand (mentally speaking), and guide him to where (33) want to go. You (34) stand across the room and sho
18、ut at him. You dont order him to (35) over to where you are. You start where he is, and work from that position. (36) the only way to get him to (37) his attitude. I have never known a single passionate and prejudiced argument to win (38) a person who disagreed with it, or (39) to persuade a person
19、who was neutral on the subject. The chief (40) is that all passionate and prejudiced arguments overstate their case and (41) their opponents case. When you think that (42) is wrong, and you disagree with him, the first (43) is to determine in what (44) he is right. This is right. For (45) view can b
20、e entirely wrong, and everybody has a little piece of truth by the tail. This is the piece we start with. We work from there, and concede as (46) as we honestly can. A philosopher said that we have (47) right to oppose a position until we can state that (48) in a way that fully satisfies (49) who ho
21、ld it; until, indeed, we can make out a better case for it than the proponent himself (50). Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 Opinion polls are now beginning to show that, whoeve
22、r is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to make ways of sharing the available employment more widely. But we need to further, we must ask some primary questions about the future of work. Would we continue to treat employmen
23、t as the norm? Would we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the off
24、ice, as centers of production and work? The industrial age has been the only period of human history during which most peoples work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seem
25、s a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could provide the prospect of a better future for work. University employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom. Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depri
26、ving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from peoples homes. Later, as transportation improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their place
27、s of employment until, eventually, many peoples work lost all connection with their home lives and the place in which they lived. Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial time, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community, now it bec
28、ame a custom for the husband to go out to be paid through employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes. It was not only women whose work status suffe
29、red. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives. All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resour
30、ces away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full time jobs. 51 Research carried out in the recent opinion polls shows that _. （ A） available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population （ B
31、） new jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures （ C） available employment must be more widely distributed among the unemployed （ D） the nowaday high unemployment figures are a truth of life 52 The arrival of the industrial age in our historical evolution meant that _. （ A） u
32、niversal employment virtually guaranteed prosperity （ B） economic freedom came within everyones control （ C） patterns of work were fundamentally changed （ D） peoples attitudes to work had to be reversed 53 The enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries meant that _. （ A） people were no longer legally
33、 entitled to own land （ B） people were driven to look elsewhere for means of supporting themselves （ C） people were not adequately compensated for the loss of their land （ D） people were badly paid for the work they managed to find 54 The effects of almost universal employment were overwhelming in t
34、hat _. （ A） the household and village community disappeared completely （ B） men now travelled enormous distances to their places of work （ C） young and old people became superfluous components of society （ D） the work status of those not in paid employment suffered 55 The article concludes that _. （
35、 A） the creation of jobs for all is an impossibility （ B） our efforts and resources in terms of tackling unemployment are insufficient （ C） people should begin supporting themselves by learning a practical skill （ D） we should help those whose jobs are only part-time 56 Paul Straussmann, retired vic
36、e president of Xerox, indicates in his book information Payoff that “almost half of the U.S. information workers are in executive, managerial, administrative and professional positions“. He further states that “managers and professionals spend more than half of their time in communicating with each
37、other“. In other words, people are a corporations most expensive resource. For a typical office, over 90 percent of the operating budget is for salaries, benefits and over head. With this investment, is it any wonder that managers are focusing more and more attention on employee productivity? They r
38、ealize that the paper jungle cannot be tamed simply by hiring more people. To receive a return on their investment, wise corporate executive officers are realizing what industrialists and agriculturists learned long ago efficient tools are essential for increased productivity. A direct relationship
39、exists between efficient flow of information and the quality and speed of the output of the end product. For those companies using technology, the per document cost of information processing only a fraction of what it was a few years ago. The decreasing cost of computers and peripherals (equipment t
40、ied to the computer) will continue to make technology a cost-effective tool in the future. An example of this type of savings is illustrated in the case of the Western Division of General Telephone and Electronics Company (GTE). By making a onetime investment of $10 million to automate its facilitie
41、s, management estimates an annual saving of $8.5 million for the company. This savings is gained mainly through the elimination of support people once needed for proposal projects. Through a telecommunications network that supports 150 computer terminals with good graphics capabilities, the engineer
42、s who conceptualize the projects are now direct participants. They use the graphics capacities of the computer rather than rely on drafters to prepare drawings, they enter their own text rather than employ typists, and they use the network to track project progress rather than conducting meetings. 5
43、6 In the first paragraph, the author quotes Straussmanns words in order to make clear _. （ A） the importance of communicative capability in business （ B） the need for people of higher positions in a company （ C） the importance of assigning people to proper positions （ D） the necessity for people in
44、higher positions to know information science 57 Todays corporate executive officers resemble the industrialists and agriculturists in the past in their realization of _. （ A） the essential roles of the workers in turning out more products （ B） the importance of information to a companys development
45、（ C） the importance of technology leading to high employee productivity （ D） the necessity of providing employees with a comfortable environment 58 Which of the following might be the result from the use of efficient technology in corporations? （ A） The quantity of products will be considerably incr
46、eased. （ B） The cost of computers will be decreased. （ C） The per document cost of information processing will be reduced. （ D） The newest information will be easier to obtain. 59 The GTEs example shows that _. （ A） efficient technology is cost-effective （ B） many meetings in a company are unnecessa
47、ry （ C） many positions like that of a typist can be away with （ D） it doesnt cost much to automate the facilities of a company 60 According to this passage, what is the most expensive resource in a corporation? （ A） Product. （ B） Human resource. （ C） Raw materials. （ D） Clients of corporation. 61 Wh
48、en doctors need information about what does of medication to prescribe, they usually consult a fat navy-blue book called The Physicians Desk Reference, or PDR, an extensive compilation of data about drugs form their manufacturers. But the doses recommended in the PDR. may be too high for many people
49、 and may cause adverse reactions, ranging from dizziness trod nausea all the way to death, according to an article published last month in the journal Postgraduate Medicine. For many drugs including Viagra, Prozac and some medicines used to treat high blood pressure, allergies, insomnia and high cholesterol smaller doses would work just as well, with far less risk of bad reactions, said Jay Cohen, the author of the article. “Side effects drive a lot of people out of treatment that they need“, Dr. Cohen
