1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 174及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What kind of food is most likely to cause dental decay? （ A） Coca Cola. （ B） Sausage. （ C） Milk. （ D） Fried chicken. 12 How many decayed teeth does Dr. Faustick have? （ A） 13. （ B） None. （ C） 1. （ D） A few. 13 What does Dr. Faustick suggest to prevent dental decay? （ A） Brush y
5、our teeth in the morning. （ B） Brush your teeth in the evening. （ C） Clean your teeth shortly after eating. （ D） Have your teeth X-rayed. 14 Marco Polo came to China （ A） alone. （ B） with two friends. （ C） with his brothers. （ D） with his father and uncle. 15 He stayed in China for almost （ A） 20 ye
6、ars. （ B） 12 years. （ C） 7 years. （ D） 3 years. 16 How many unbelievable descriptions in Marco Polo s book are mentioned in the passage? （ A） 5. （ B） 3. （ C） 2. （ D） 1. 17 Why are we far from satisfied with our basic needs? （ A） Because we should save extra money for future expenditure. （ B） Because
7、 we have other wants in addition to our basic needs. （ C） Because we all enjoy reading books. （ D） Because man is never satisfied even if he has everything he wants. 18 What can be inferred from the passage? （ A） We should be satisfied with our life. （ B） We should develop good habits. （ C） A reliab
8、le income makes the satisfactory standard of living possible. （ D） To provide for future expenditure is wise. 19 “Shelter“ refers to （ A） safe. （ B） shell. （ C） house. （ D） income. 20 “Expenditure“ means （ A） exercise. （ B） expense. （ C） style. （ D） cost. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Di
9、rections: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 During the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 percent. Some countries did not【 21】 enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing wer
10、e not【 22】 Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed countries【 23】 solutions. 【 24】 , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized countries . Industry in the developed countries is highly automated and very【 25】 . It provides fewer jobs than labo
11、r-intensive industrial processes, and highly【 26】 workers are needed to【 27】 and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained【 28】 many countries do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the【 29】 of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to【 30】 vocation
12、al and professional training.【 31】 , just to begin training, the students must【 32】 learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and【 33】 do not return home. All countries agree that science and technology【 34】 be shared. The point is: countries【 35】 the ind
13、ustrial processes of the developed countries need to look carefully【 36】 the costs, because many of these costs are【 37】 . Students from these countries should【 38】 the problems of the developed countries closely.【 39】 care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, 【 40】 the b
14、enefits. （ A） generate （ B） raise （ C） produce （ D） manufacture （ A） answered （ B） met （ C） calculated （ D） remembered （ A） for （ B） without （ C） as （ D） about （ A） Moreover （ B） Therefore （ C） Anyway （ D） However （ A） expensive （ B） mechanical （ C） flourishing （ D） complicated （ A） gifted （ B） skil
15、led （ C） trained （ D） versatile （ A） keep （ B） maintain （ C） retain （ D） protect （ A） since （ B） so （ C） and （ D） yet （ A） charge （ B） price （ C） cost （ D） value （ A） accept （ B） gain （ C） receive （ D） absorb （ A） Frequently （ B） Incidentally （ C） Deliberately （ D） Especially （ A） soon （ B） quickly
16、（ C） immediately （ D） first （ A） some （ B） others （ C） several （ D） few （ A） might （ B） should （ C） would （ D） will （ A） adopting （ B） conducting （ C） receiving （ D） adjusting （ A） to （ B） at （ C） on （ D） about （ A） opaque （ B） secret （ C） sealed （ D） hidden （ A） tackle （ B） learn （ C） study （ D） ma
17、nipulate （ A） In （ B） Through （ C） With （ D） Under （ A） except （ B） nor （ C） or （ D） but Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 I d like to propose that for sixty to ninety minutes ever
18、y evening right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in America be prohibited by law. Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results might be if such a proposal were accepted. Families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of TV, they mig
19、ht sit around together after dinner and actually communicate with one another. It is well known that many of our problems everything, in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. We do not tell each o
20、ther what makes us feel disturbed. The result is emotional difficulty of one kind or another. By using the quiet family hour to discuss our problems, we might get to know each other better, and to like each other better. On evenings when such talk is unnecessary, families could rediscover more activ
21、e pastimes. Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset, or they might take a walk together (remember feet?) and see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes. With free time and no TV, children and adults might rediscover reading. There is mor
22、e entertainment in a good book than in a month of typical TV programming. Educators report that the generation growing up with television can barely write an English sentence, even at the college level. Writing is often learned from reading. A more literate new generation could be a product of the q
23、uiet hour. A different form of reading might also be done, as it was in the past: reading aloud. Few hobbies bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story. The quiet hour could become the story hour. When the quiet hour ends, the TV networks
24、 form our newly discovered activities. At first glance, the idea of an hour without TV seems radical. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? How will we spend the time? But it is not radical at all. It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free t
25、ime. The people who are thirty-five and older can remember childhood without television, spent partly with radio which at least involved the listener s imagination but also with reading, learning, talking, playing games, inventing new activities. It wasnt that difficult. Honest. The truth is that we
26、 had a ball. 41 The failure to talk to each other causes all of the following EXCEPT （ A） the high divorce rate. （ B） a real family hour. （ C） the generation gap. （ D） some forms of mental illness. 42 If we turned off TV for an hour, which of the following is NOT true? （ A） We would not have any pro
27、blems. （ B） There would be a higher divorce rate. （ C） Families could take a ride together. （ D） We would have a new view to neighborhood. 43 According to the author, （ A） TV is more entertaining than good books. （ B） good books are as entertaining as TV. （ C） good books are not so entertaining as T
28、V. （ D） good books are more entertaining than TV. 44 Because young people nowadays dont read much, （ A） they find TV very entertaining. （ B） they have a lot of time for other pastimes. （ C） they have enough time to talk to one another. （ D） even college students cant write very well. 45 The idea of
29、an hour without TV is NOT radical because （ A） TV is very popular among people for only twenty-five years. （ B） TV is an electronic baby-sitter. （ C） we might get better shows. （ D） radio involves the listener s imagination. 45 Everyone of us lives and works on a small part of the earths surface, mo
30、ves in a small circle, and of these acquaintances knows only a few intimately. Of any public event that has wide effects we see at best only a phase and an aspect. This is true that the eminent insiders, who draft treaties, make laws, and issue orders, are like those who have treaties framed on them
31、, laws promulgated to them, orders given at them. Inevitably our opinions cover a bigger space, a longer reach of time, many things, that we can directly observe. So they have to be pieced together out of what others have reported and what we can imagine. Yet even the eyewitness does not bring back
32、a naive picture of the scene. For experience seems to show that he himself brings something to the scene which later he takes away from it, that oftener than not what he imagines to be the account of an event is really a transfiguration of it. Few facts in consciousness seem to be merely given. Most
33、 facts in consciousness seem to be partly made. A report is the joint product of the knower and known, in which the role of the observer is always selective and usually creative. The facts we see depend on where we are placed, and the habits of our eyes. 46 The limited time and space which man occup
34、ies suggest, according to the paragraph, （ A） mans life is also insignificant. （ B） mans opinions can not be accurate at all. （ C） human observations in general are all but partial. （ D） man cannot have any opinion. 47 Experts such as the so-called insiders （ A） usually have unbiased opinions. （ B）
35、can also be prejudiced in their judgment. （ C） are reliable observers. （ D） do not have correct information at all. 48 The word “naive“ in “a naive picture of the scene“ most likely means （ A） uneducated. （ B） immature. （ C） pure and reliable. （ D） informal. 49 The latter part of the paragraph sugge
36、sts that individual consciousness of the phenomenal world （ A） is always fallacious. （ B） is always reliable. （ C） expresses a fusion of the subjective and the objective realities. （ D） shows a perfect reflection of what the world is. 50 By “selective“ and “creative“ , the author means that the obse
37、rver of an event （ A） collects preferred materials in order to create. （ B） selects with the intention to create new ideas. （ C） selects and creates unconsciously and simultaneously. （ D） selects and creates objects deliberately. 50 The fridge is considered necessary. It has been so since the 1960s
38、when packaged food list appeared with the label;“Store in the refrigerator. “ In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthy. The milkman came every day, the grocer, the butcher (肉商 ) , the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times each week. The Sunday meat would las
39、t until Wednesday and surplus (剩余 ) bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country. The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively lit
40、tle to the art of food preservation. Many well-tried techniques already existed natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling. What refrigeration did promote was marketing marketing hardware and electricity, market-ing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the world in
41、 search of a good price. So most of the worlds fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the rich countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, bus
42、ily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge. The fridges effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been not important . If you dont believe me,
43、 try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may not eat the hamburgers, but at least youll get rid of that terrible hum. 51 The statement “In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. “ suggests that （ A） the author was well-fed and healt
44、hy even without a fridge in his fifties. （ B） the author was not accustomed to fridges even in his fifties. （ C） there was no fridge in the authors home in the 1950s. （ D） the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s. 52 Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the inv
45、ention of fridges? （ A） People would not buy more food than was necessary. （ B） Food was delivered to people two or three times a week. （ C） Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily. （ D） People had effective ways to preserve their food. 53 Who benefited the least from fridges according to
46、the author? （ A） Inventors. （ B） Consumers. （ C） Manufacturers. （ D） Travelling salesmen. 54 Which of the following phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridges negative effect on the environment? （ A） Hum away continuously. （ B） Climatically almost unnecessary. （ C） Artificially-cooled spac
47、e. （ D） With mild temperatures. 55 What is the authors overall attitude toward fridges? （ A） Neutral. （ B） Critical. （ C） Objective. （ D） Compromising. 55 Although there had been various small cameras developed, it was not until George Eastman introduced the Kodak in 1888 that the mass appeal of pho
48、tography attracted America and Europe and thereafter spread quickly to the far corners of the earth. Eastman called his new famous camera the Kodak for no particular reason except that he liked the word. It was easy to remember and could be pronounced in any language. An immediate consequence of Eas
49、tman s invention was a blizzard of amateur photographs that soon became known as snapshots. The word came from hunters jargon. When a hunter fired a gun from the hip, without taking careful aim, it was described as a snapshot. Photographers referred to the process of taking pictures as shooting, and they would take pride in a good day s shoot the way country gentlemen would boast about the number of birds brought down in an afternoon. Photography became not only easy but fun because of the Kodak. Almost overnight photography became one of the world
