1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 176及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the meaning of “a naughty boy“ in this passage? （ A） Weather is unpleasant. （ B） Weather is unstable. （ C） Weather is unbearable. （ D） Weather is uncanny. 12 Which of the following is true for climate according to the passage? （ A） It changes very fast. （ B） It is warmi
5、ng all the time. （ C） It describes the weather condition over a long time. （ D） It often makes people worry. 13 Which of the following actions cannot influence climate? （ A） Physical actions on land and in the oceans. （ B） Physical actions in the atmosphere. （ C） Physical actions in the space. （ D）
6、Physical actions in the groundwater. 14 What is the matter with the woman? （ A） She is tired of the man. （ B） She has sleeping problem. （ C） She has too much work to do. （ D） She is homesick. 15 Which of the following is true for the woman? （ A） She likes folk music the most. （ B） She feels worried
7、while listening to folk music. （ C） She often listens to instruments when she drives. （ D） She prefers light music to folk music. 16 What can be inferred from the dialogue? （ A） They will go to the concert together. （ B） The man goes to the concert himself. （ C） The man is a warm-hearted person. （ D
8、） The woman refuses the invitation of the man. 17 Who used to live together in an extended family? （ A） Only grandparents and children. （ B） Brothers with their wives. （ C） Many relatives. （ D） Father, mother and their children. 18 What advantages does the nuclear family offer women? （ A） They enjoy
9、 more freedom and rights. （ B） They can spend their money as they like. （ C） Their relatives help them with childcare. （ D） They have all the power of the family. 19 What is another disadvantage of the nuclear family for women? （ A） Women are unable to get outside help. （ B） Older women often have t
10、o live alone. （ C） Family structure is more patriarchal. （ D） Their husbands dont help them as usual. 20 Many women are dissatisfied with marriage and the nuclear family because they （ A） have to stay home （ B） do not have enough money （ C） are too busy to have free time （ D） have to look after thei
11、r children 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 On the night of the play, Albert was at the hall early and he was already made-up long before the end of the first act. H
12、e certainly looked the part all right, he thought as he【 21】 himself【 22】 the mirror. He even【 23】 if he should go out into the street to see what【 24】 he made on people out there. Just for a【 25】 , of course! Then he was seized with a sudden attack of stage fright. How could he【 26】 all those peopl
13、e【 27】 the audience? He put his head in his hands and tried to【 28】 his lines. He had only a very small part, but his mind was a complete【 29】 A【 30】 on the door made him【 31】 . He felt really alarmed. He was due to go to stage in the second act. Had he missed his entrance and【 32】 the play for ever
14、ybody? But it was only the producer, who noticed what a state he was in. She【 33】 he should go and stand near the stage where he could watch the play and follow in his script at the same time. It was a good way of getting【 34】 his nervousness, she said. She was right. It seemed to【 35】 . In fact, th
15、e more he watched the play, the more he became involved in it, so that he began to【 36】 himself part of it. At last the moment came for him to go on stage. But suddenly the producer was by his【 37】 again. This time she looked worried as she placed a hand on his arm to restrain him【 38】 . “Im afraid
16、youre going【 39】 ,“ She said. “Theyre jumped three pages of the script and have【 40】 your part out completely.“ （ A） admired （ B） flattered （ C） gazed （ D） showed （ A） on （ B） with （ C） at （ D） in （ A） thought （ B） wondered （ C） hoped （ D） felt （ A） force （ B） image （ C） impression （ D） reaction （ A
17、） fun （ B） game （ C） joke （ D） play （ A） appear （ B） face （ C） meet （ D） see （ A） between （ B） of （ C） with （ D） in （ A） learn （ B） refresh （ C） remember （ D） remind （ A） blank （ B） gap （ C） omission （ D） space （ A） bump （ B） crash （ C） knock （ D） noise （ A） to look up （ B） look up （ C） looking （ D）
18、 looked up （ A） delayed （ B） ended （ C） mined （ D） lengthened （ A） ordered （ B） reminded （ C） suggested （ D） told （ A） at （ B） over （ C） away （ D） through （ A） do （ B） manage （ C） win （ D） work （ A） push （ B） feel （ C） realize （ D） anticipate （ A） shoulder （ B） side （ C） back （ D） place （ A） on （ B）
19、 off （ C） out （ D） back （ A） to disappoint （ B） to have disappointed （ C） to be disappointed （ D） have disappointed （ A） forgotten （ B） lost （ C） missed （ D） omitted Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on
20、 ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide acts rather like a one-mirror-the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the suns rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping. According to a weather experts prediction, the atmosphere will be 3 warmer in the year 2050 than it is to
21、day, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities. Also the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate o
22、f the northern hemisphere, possibly resulting in an alteration of the earths chief food-growing zones. In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now payi
23、ng more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming: in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels. Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarcitic ice are already disappearing.
24、 The evidence available suggests that a warming takes place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth. However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere, where temperatures seem to falling. Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather h
25、ave exceeded those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has the most effect on the weather? On possibility is the variable behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and “cold“ spots (that is, the relatively less hot spots) on the sun. As the s
26、un rotated, every 27.5 days, it presents hotter of “colder“ face to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earths atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also variable over a
27、 long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward. Scientists are now finding mutual relations between models of solar-weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousands of years, including the last Ice Age. The problem is that the models are predic
28、ting that the world should be entering new Ice Age and it is not. One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a way of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia (惯性的 ) of the earths climate. If this is right, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be se
29、rving a useful counter-balance to the suns diminishing heat. 41 It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would _. （ A） prevent the suns rays from reaching the earths surface （ B） mean a warming up in the Arctic （ C） account for great changes in the climate in the
30、northern hemisphere （ D） raise the temperature of the earths surface 42 The article was written to explain _. （ A） the greenhouse effect （ B） the solar effects on the earth （ C） the models of solar-weather interactions （ D） the causes affecting weather 43 Although the fuel consumption is greater in
31、the northern hemisphere, temperatures there seem to be falling. This is _. （ A） mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising （ B） possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting （ C） exclusively due to the effect of the internal of the earths climate （ D） partly due to variations in
32、 the output of solar energy 44 On the basis of their models, scientists are of the opinion that _. （ A） the climate of the world should be becoming cooler （ B） it will take thousands of years for the inertia of the earths climate to take effect （ C） the man-made warming effect helps to increase the
33、solar effects （ D） the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect 45 If the assumption about the delay of a new Ice Age is correct, _. （ A） the best way to overcome the cooling effect would be to burn more fuels （ B） ice would soon cover the northern hemisphere （ C） the increased levels of
34、 carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could warm up the earth even more quickly （ D） the greenhouse effect could work to the advantage of the earth 45 Psychologists say the one factor that differentiates people who are creative from those who arent is belief-creative people believe they are creative. To
35、 be creative, you simply have to believe and act as if you are. Once you believe you are creative, you begin to find ideas and to imagine all kinds of probable and improbable solutions. Here are a few techniques to help you get started looking for ideas you may already have in your mind. Play a diff
36、erent role. Suppose you want to improve your companys training program. Play the role of another person. Write, from the perspective of that role, what changes the person would make. Record any interesting thoughts or new ideas. Randomly pick something and compare it with your problem. Open a dictio
37、nary and randomly, without looking, pick a word. Force yourself to make a comparison between the problem and the word. Suppose you are having a problem with a manager and you randomly pick the word “pencil“. You might list the characteristics of the pencil and determine how those characteristics are
38、 like your problem. Imagine you have a magic wand (魔杖 ). Consider what changes or actions you will use the wand to create, especially those that wouldnt normally be possible. After letting your imagination run, ask yourself what specific features of those wishes particularly appeal to you. Think of
39、some feasible changes of actions that embody some of those specific features. Think outrageously. The more incredible and divergent from conventional thinking an idea is, the greater the possibilities for new twists. A frozen-fish processor used this technique. A line of his frozen fish tasted bland
40、 and boring. He tried everything to improve the taste, including keeping the fish alive in holding tanks until he put a predator (食肉动物 ) in the holding tank with fish. The fish kept moving to escape the predator and they retained their vitality and flavor. Challenge assumptions. Reserve the assumpti
41、ons you make about problems. List the assumptions and write the opposite. Henry Ford challenged the practice of having workers to go where building materials were kept. In order to build cars, by creating a system that brought the materials to the workers instead. With this reversal, the assembly li
42、ne was born. Be an artist. Write a poem about your job. Poetry helps give a voice to your wildest imagination, which may lead to new ideas. Try the above methods and test if your creativity might be somewhat improved. 46 What does one have to be if he wants to make himself creative according to the
43、author? （ A） He should try to be as creative as possible. （ B） He may set up a problem and then try to conceive all the possible solutions to it. （ C） He should study all the techniques mentioned in the passage and try to use them. （ D） He should play a different role from the one he plays now. 47 W
44、hat kind of techniques has the author used by taking the example of “a pencil“? （ A） Metaphor. （ B） Simile. （ C） Analogy. （ D） Association. 48 What instruction does the author have in his mind by asking you to imagine you have a magic wand? （ A） To increase your imagination power. （ B） To conceive a
45、 magic trick. （ C） To set up particularly attractive wishes. （ D） To enable you to perform miracles. 49 The sentence “the more incredible and divergent from conventional thinking an idea is, the greater the possibilities for new twists“ can best be paraphrased as _. （ A） The more far-fetched a thoug
46、ht is, the less possible it is to be wise （ B） A good idea can often come to ones mind unexpectedly （ C） The more conflicting an idea is from the traditional way, the more likely it is to be put into practice （ D） The farther an idea is from the generally accepted norms, the more useful it is to cre
47、ate new possibilities 50 All the following things you are advised to do, according to the author, make one creative EXCEPT _. （ A） to learn from such creative persons as Henry Ford （ B） to develop ones thinking power in every conceivable way （ C） to sum up all the successful methods ever tried by cr
48、eative people （ D） to learn to be more creative by doing easy things in an unusual way 50 The American educational system is based on the idea that as many people as possible should have access to as much education as possible. This fact alone distinguishes the U.S. system from most others, since in
49、 most others the objective is as much to screen people out as it is to keep them in. The U.S. system has no standardized examinations whose results systematically prevent students from going on to higher levels of study, as the British and many other systems do. Through secondary school and sometimes in post-secondary institutions as well, the American system tries to accommodate students even if their academic aspirations and aptitudes are not high, even if they are physically (and in some cases mentally) handicapped, and even i
