1、在职申硕同等学力英语（阅读）模拟试卷 25及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acr
2、oss the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 0 No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess(公爵夫人 )of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue. The problem with such a view is that some peopl
3、e actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better or worse part of my life. Being rich wouldnt be bad either, but that wont happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leavi
4、ng me millions of dollars. Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianitys seven deadly sins. However, unti
5、l quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being. Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that b
6、eing fat or even only somewhat overweight is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength. Our obsession(迷恋 )with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with
7、an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem too much fat and a lack of fiber than a w
8、eight problem. The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying
9、 so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get(or already are)thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vain glory(虚荣 ). 1 In the eyes of the author, an odd
10、 phenomenon nowadays is that_. （ A） religious people are not necessarily virtuous （ B） looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune （ C） being thin is viewed as a much desired quality （ D） the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue 2 Swept by the prevailing trend, the author_. （ A
11、） had to wear highly fashionable clothes （ B） had to seek help from rich distant relatives （ C） had to go on a diet for the greater part of her life （ D） could still prevent herself from going off the track 3 In human history, peoples views on body weight_. （ A） changed from time to time （ B） led to
12、 different moral standards （ C） varied between the poor and the rich （ D） were closely related to their religious beliefs 4 The author criticizes womens obsession with thinness_. （ A） from a historical and religious standpoint （ B） from sociological and medical points of view （ C） from an economic a
13、nd educational perspective （ D） in the light of moral principles 5 Whats the authors advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness? （ A） They should gain weight to look healthy. （ B） They should be more watchful for fatal diseases. （ C） They should be more concerned with their overall lif
14、estyle. （ D） They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes. 6 What is the authors main opinion on keeping fit? （ A） Being fat implies a lack of moral strength. （ B） Being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. （ C） People should pay attention
15、 to their overall life-style to keep both fit and healthy. （ D） Our obsession with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. 6 Even plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away str
16、aight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(杀
17、虫剂 )spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest(害虫 )problems. Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrare
18、d scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running “fevers“. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 40 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would. The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after on
19、ly three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique
20、 can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,“ says George Oerther of Texas A mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular c
21、ulture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the worlds peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of lif
22、e. Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that? Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do
23、so will require an emphasis on bilingualism(mastery of two languages). Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres at home, among friends, in community settings and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, many small langu
24、ages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages, rather than yield to the homogenizing forces of globalization. Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that
25、 computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer-aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages. For many endangered languages, the line between revival and d
26、eath is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient(有活力的 ), however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while
27、reclaiming their unique identities through language. 13 Minority languages can be best preserved in_. （ A） an increasingly interconnected world （ B） maintaining small numbers of speakers （ C） relatively isolated language communities （ D） following the tradition of the 20th century 14 According to Pa
28、ragraph 2 that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is_. （ A） uncertain （ B） unrealistic （ C） foreseeable （ D） definite 15 According to the author, bilingualism can help_. （ A） small languages become acceptable in work places （ B） homogenize the worlds languages and cultures
29、 （ C） global languages reach home and community settings （ D） speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identity 16 Computer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in that it_. （ A） makes learning a global language unnecessary （ B） facilitates the learning and using of those l
30、anguages （ C） raises public awareness of saving those languages （ D） makes it easier for linguists to study those languages 17 In the authors view, many endangered languages are_. （ A） remarkable well-kept in this modern world （ B） exceptionally powerful tools of communication （ C） quite possible to
31、 be revived instead of dying out （ D） a unique way of bringing different groups together 18 Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage? （ A） The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation
32、. （ B） Whether most minority languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. （ C） In all respects technological innovations do not help minority languages to survive in the modern world. （ D） Language is not just a t
33、ool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. 18 A. You can schedule an automatic payment. B. Trying to get out of the late fee sometimes. C. Youd better plan to pay ahead. D. Change your payment due date in order to avoid late fee
34、. E. You could also set for yourself a reminder to pay in time. If youre even a minute late with a payment, your credit card company can hit you hard in the wallet as much as $39 each time, according to a July 2008 survey. However, some simple steps can help keep your exposure to these extra costs t
35、o a minimum. 【 R1】 _ A few card issuers, including Chase and HSBC, charge extra fees for online payments that you need to post the same day, so even if you pay electronically, do it three to four days ahead so your credit card company will process the payment by the due date. If youre snail-mailing
36、checks, allow even more time about 10 days to allow for mail snafus. And unless youre desperate, forget about phone payments a number of banks charge a fee for them, no matter when you call. 【 R2】 _ A few card issuers allow you to choose a due date to coincide with your payday schedule, so a cash sh
37、ortfall wont make you late. You can even choose a due date thats easier to remember. Your birthdays on Feb. 17? Make your credit card payment due on the 17th of each month. 【 R3】 _ Some banks offer an autopay program that links your credit card to a checking or saving account; you decide whether to
38、automatically pay the new balance, the current minimum payment or a fixed dollar amount. If you bank online, you can also arrange a do-it-yourself autopay. Just estimate your usual monthly minimum, schedule a monthly payment date and have the amount deducted from your account automatically. Just mak
39、e sure you have enough in checking to cover it or the overdraft fees will eat up your saving on late fees. 【 R4】 _ Some credit card companies, including Chase, will alert you of upcoming due dates by e-mail or voice mail. You can also schedule a monthly e-mail reminder through a web site, such as Me
40、moToMe. com or RememberthMilk. com, 【 R5】 _ Even conscientious consumers will probably get hit with a late fee at some point. However, if you have a good record of on-time payments, call and politely ask a customer service representative to waive the charge. No dice? Ask to talk to a supervisor, or
41、try again on a different day. You might even threaten to close your accounts with the company a tactic that worked for Jeff Roth of Molalla, Ore, after his wifes Chase credit card was hit with a $ 39 late fee when the Fourth of July delayed processing of a payment. “My advice to those who feel they
42、have unjustly been assessed late fees is to be assertive about getting the charges removed. “ Says Roth, who posted about his plight at GetRichSlowly.org. “It wont always work, but most credit card companies will least give you one freebie. “ Next time, though, you may be on your own. 19 【 R1】 20 【
43、R2】 21 【 R3】 22 【 R4】 23 【 R5】 在职申硕同等学力英语（阅读）模拟试卷 25答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the correspondin
44、g letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据第 1段最后一句 (纤瘦被认为是一种美德 )，再加上前面的 our times，可以知道这是现代社 会的现象，所以选 C项。 A项意为 “宗教信徒不一定品德高尚 ”。文章中根本就没有提到这一点，更谈不上对此表示奇怪。文章只是说所有的宗教都有几天要求戒斋，基督教更是将暴饮暴食视为罪恶。 B项错误，因为文章只是说财富和纤瘦作为女人追求的目标，永远都不会让她们
45、满足，并没有说苗条是财富的象征。 D项错，文章是说第 1句话经常被认为是 Duchess of Windsor说的。有人可能会根据第 3段最后一句话和第 4段第 1句话认为 B项是对的。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 由第 2段第 3句话可知 ，作者受这种趋势的影响，也加入控制饮食以减肥的大军中来，所以 C项正确。第 2段第 2句话说作者幻想能够穿上窄小衣服，但这只是幻想而已，还没有穿，而且 narrow designer clothes和 highly fashionable clothes也不是一回事。所以 A项错。第 2段最后一句是 B项的设计依据。作者参与到减
46、肥中来，说明她并没有脱俗，所以 D项错。 D项和 C项意思相反。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第 3段最后一句和第 4段前两句形成对比。前者的过去式表明那是过去的事 ，后者的时间状语 today和谓语时态表明现在的情况。 B项因果颠倒，因为从文中可以看出，是道德准则的不同导致了对胖瘦的不同观点，而非相反； C项明显不对； D项有一定迷惑性，因为第 3段最后一句有个 religious。考生要明白，形成对比的不是 religious和非 reli一 gious，而是过去和 today，故 A项对 D项错。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 前半部
47、分主要是从社会的角度来分析以瘦为美这种社会心理的实质，后面两段都是从医学角度来分析它的原因，所以选 B项。文章中根本 就没有谈到过教育， C项显然不对。 A项和 D项也较易被排除。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 最后一段倒数第 2句说到那些认为瘦了就自然会健康，从而不注意他们的生活方式的人是非常危险的。这说明作者认为人们更应该关注自己的生活方式，所以选 C项。 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 主旨题。综观全文，尤其是最后一段，作者对减肥的观点显然是倡导关注生活方式的全部方面，既保持苗条，又保持健康。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 7
48、【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 依据文章第 2段第 3至 4行，说明植物在发 “高烧 ”，也就是说，“身体状况 ”不佳时才会散发热。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 依据文章第 2段第 4行，说明目的是确定有问题的区域，以使农民有针对性地使用杀虫剂。 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 依据文章第 2段最后一句。 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 依据文章第 3段的第 1至 2行可以看出红外线扫描技术应 用于农业遇到了一些问题，原因有两个：一是农民对新技术的抵制，二是难以找到长期赞助商。由文章中最后一段的最后一句提供的信息同样
49、可以反推出 10年前的情形。 【知识模块】 阅读 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 依据文章第 3段第 2行。 【知识模块】 阅读 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 事实判断题。解题依据在最后一段的第 1句话，即主人公的公司已经关闭，而不是虽然遇到了财务困难，仍然挣扎着继续运营，故 D项是正确答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章第 1段的 “The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it muchmore difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation， a key factor in language maintenance and preservation”意为： “联络的日益增加使小语种团体在相对隔离的状况下更加难以生存。一个关键的 因素是语言的维持和保存。 ”可见：小语种能很好地延续的最好条件就是语言的维持。看四个选项中 A、 B、 D三项
