1、大学英语六级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 吃饭时间， “你吃了吗 ?”是中国人最常用的问候语。不理解这种风俗的外国人会认为这是在邀请一起吃饭。但是，这仅仅是一种问候，不是真的在发出邀请，所以可以回答 “吃了，我吃饭了。 ”或者说 “没有，我还没有吃。 ”除了 “你吃了吗 ?”，中文中还有其他打招呼的方式，比如说 “去哪儿 ?”、 “忙吗 ?”、 “干什么呢 ?”、 “去上班 ?”等等。我们可以发现中国人问候的时候喜欢问另一方在做什么，做了什么 ，要做什么。 2 中国很少做手势，认为大量手势是多余的。使眼色和吹口哨是很不礼貌的。眼睛接
2、触往往是间接的。两个大拇指向上和拽耳垂 (earlobe)是很棒的意思。向外指、竖起小指意思是你什么都不是，质量差或者不擅长。不要用手指招呼某人，因为这个手势是逗小狗的。要想让人注意，告诉他们 “来这里 ”，要把你的手掌放下来，手指指向你。这个手势可以对儿童，出租车或服务员使用，对长者使用被认为是非常粗鲁。为了吸引别人的注意，最有礼貌的方式是看对方的眼睛，微微鞠躬 (bow)。 3 在中国，和任何文化都 是一样，不管是在饭店还是家里，吃饭的时候什么合适，什么不合适都是有规则和风俗的。学习怎么说，怎么做比较合适不只会让你感觉宾至如归，也会让你周围的那些人更自在，注意力也会放在你身上，不会对你的吃
3、饭习惯感兴趣。不要把筷子插在碗里的饭上。因为在佛教文化里，在碗里的饭上方两根筷子是葬礼上的事情。不要玩你的筷子，也不要用筷子在桌子上敲 这是粗鲁的。当你想放下筷子，平放在盘子上，或者将筷子放在筷子架。 4 中国正处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，经济社会还存在许多不容忽视的问题，城乡之间、地区之间、经济与 社会发展之间不平衡、不协调，经济发展方式粗放，人口、资源、环境压力大，劳动就业、社会保障、收入分配、教育卫生等方面问题仍然较多，还有贪污腐败现象严重等问题。解决这些问题归根到底要靠深化改革。只有坚持改革开放，坚定不移地走中国特色社会主义道路，国家才有光明的前途，从这个意义上说，改革开放一定要
4、贯穿于中国现代化建设的全过程。 5 孙大圣是中国古典文学名著西游记中的一个重要人物。他是唐僧第一个徒弟。其实在中国，他最受欢迎的名字不是 “孙大圣 ”，而是 “孙悟空 ”，这是教他 72变的第一个师傅给他起的名字。 “悟 ”的意思是 “启迪 ”。 “空 ”的意思是 “无 ”，这是佛学中最重要的一个认识。在佛学中，人必须放弃欲望和所有对财富、名声的渴望，以培养自己为佛。 大学英语六级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷 20答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 【正确答案】 “Have you eaten?“ is a common greeting among older Chine
5、se when it is the time for a meal. Foreigners who dont understand this kind of custom might regard this as an invitation to have a meal together. However, this is just a simple greeting, not a real invitation, so can reply with “yes, I have eaten.“ or “no, not yet.“ In addition to “chl le ma?,“ ther
6、e are many other expressions for saying hello in Chinese, like “where are you going?,“ “are you busy?,“ “what are you doing?,“ “are you going to work?,“ etc. We can find that when Chinese people greet each other, they like to ask about the things that other side is doing, just did or is going to do.
7、 【知识模块】 汉译英 2 【正确答案】 Chinese dont gesture very much and regard a lot of hand movement as excessive. Winking and whistling are considered rude. Eye contact tends to be indirect. Both the thumbs up sign and tugging on the earlobe are signs of excellence. An outward pointing and raised pinky means you
8、are nothing, poor quality or not very good at something. Dont point or use your finger to beckon someone because this gesture is used for dogs. To get someones attention and tell them to “come here“ place your palm down and move your fingers towards you. This gesture is used with children, taxis or
9、waiters but is considered very rude when directed at an older person. The most polite way to attract someones attention is to make eye contact and bow slightly. 【知识模块】 汉译英 3 【正确答案】 In China, as with any culture, there are rules and customs that surround what is appropriate and what is not when dinin
10、g, whether it is in a restaurant or in someones home. Learning the appropriate way to act and what to say will not only help you feel like a native, but will also make those around you more comfortable, and able to focus on you, instead of your interesting eating habits. Dont stab your chopsticks in
11、to your bowl of rice. As with any Buddhist culture, placing two chopsticks down in a bowl of rice is what happens at a funeral. Do not play with your chopsticks, or drum them on the table this is rude. Do not tap them on the side of your dish, either, as this is used in restaurants to indicate that
12、the food is taking too long, and it will offend your host. When setting down your chopsticks, place them horizontally on top of your plate, or place the ends on a chopstick rest. 【知识模块】 汉译英 4 【正确答案】 China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come, and ther
13、e are many economic and social issues that call for our attention. For example, there is a lack of balance and coordination in the development between urban and rural areas, among different regions and between the economic and social sectors. The pattern of economic growth remains extensive. There a
14、re heavy population, resources and environmental pressures, as well as many challenges in employment, social security, income distribution, education and health. Corruption is also a serious problem. The fundamental solution to these problems lies in deepened reform. Only by continuing reform and op
15、ening-up and unswervingly following the path of socialism with distinctive Chinese features can China have a bright future. Reform and opening-up must be carried on through the entire process of Chinas modernization drive. 【知识模块】 汉译英 5 【正确答案】 Monkey King is one of the main characters in Chinese clas
16、sic literature masterpiece “Journey to the West“. He is the first disciple of Tang Monk. Actually in China, his most popular name is not “Monkey King“ but “Sun Wukong“, which was given by his first Master who taught him the 72 supernormal abilities. “Wu“ means enlightening. “Kong“ means emptiness, which is one of the most important understandings in Buddhism. In Buddhism, one has to give up every human desire and all attachments including the attachments to wealth and fame etc, in order to cultivate oneself into a Buddha. 【知识模块】 汉译英
