1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 346及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled on Graduate Mania. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 目前很多人报考研究生； 2. 你认为 此现象的原因是什么； 3. 你的看法。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehen
2、sion (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the stat
3、ement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Rain forests Tropical rainforests are the most diverse ecosystem (生态系统 ) on Earth, and also the oldest. Today, tropical rainforests cover only 6 percent of the Earths ground s
4、urface, but they are home to over half of the planets plant and animal species. What Is a Rainforest? Generally speaking, a rainforest is an environment that receives high rainfall and is dominated by tall trees. A wide range of ecosystems fall into this category, of course. But most of the time whe
5、n people talk about rainforests, they mean the tropical rainforests located near the equator. These forests receive between 160 and 400 inches of rain per year. The total annual rainfall is spread pretty evenly throughout the year, and the temperature rarely dips below 60 degrees Fahrenheit. This st
6、eady climate is due to the position of rainforests on the globe. Because of the orientation of the Earths axis, the Northern and Southern hemispheres each spend part of the year tilted away from the sun. Since rainforests are at the middle of the globe, located near the equator, they arc not especia
7、lly affected by this change. They receive nearly the same amount of sunlight, and therefore heat, all year. Consequently, the weather in these regions remains fairly constant. The consistently wet, warm weather and ample sunlight give plant life everything it needs to thrive. Trees have the resource
8、s to grow to tremendous heights, and they live for hundreds, even thousands, of years. These giants, which reach 60 to 150 ft in the air, form the basic structure of the rainforest. Their top branches spread wide in order to capture maximum sunlight. This creates a thick canopy (树冠 ) level at the to
9、p of the forest, with thinner greenery levels underneath. Some large trees grow so tall that they even tower over the canopy layer. As you go lower, down into the rainforest, you find less and less greenery. The forest floor is made up of moss, fungi, and decaying plant matter that has fallen from t
10、he upper layers. The reason for this decrease in greenery is very simple the overabundance of plants gathering sunlight at the top of the forest blocks most sunlight from reaching the bottom of the forest, making it difficult for robust plants to thrive. The Forest for the Trees The ample sunlight a
11、nd extremely wet climate of many tropical areas encourage the growth of towering trees with wide canopies. This thick top layer of the rainforest dictates the lives of all other plants in the forest. New tree seedlings rarely survive to make it to the top unless some older trees die, creating a “hol
12、e“ in the canopy. When this happens, all of the seedlings on the ground level compete intensely to reach the sunlight. Many plant species reach the top of the forest by climbing the tall trees. It is much easier to ascend this way, because the plant doesnt have to form its own supporting structure.
13、Some plant species, called epiphytes, grow directly on the surface of the giant trees. These plants, which include a variety of orchids and ferns, make up much of the understory, the layer of the rainforest right below the canopy. Epiphytes are close enough to the top to receive adequate light, and
14、the runoff from the canopy layer provides all the water and nutrients(养分 )they need, which is important since they dont have access to the nutrients in the ground. Stranglers and Buttresses Some epiphytes eventually develop into stranglers. They grow long, thick roots that extend down the tree trunk
15、 into the ground. As they continue to grow, the roots form a sort of web structure all around the tree. At the same time, the strangler plants branches extend upward, spreading out into the canopy. Eventually, the strangler may block so much light from above, and absorb such a high percentage of nut
16、rients from the ground below, that the host tree dies. Competition over nutrients is almost as intense as competition for light. The excessive rainfall rapidly dissolves nutrients in the soil making it relatively infertile except at the top layers. For this reason, rainforest tree roots grow outward
17、 to cover a wider area, rather than downward to lower levels. This makes rainforest trees somewhat unstable, since they dont have very strong anchors in the ground. Some trees compensate for this by growing natural buttresses. These buttresses are basically tree trunks that extend out from the side
18、of the tree and clown to the ground, giving the tree additional support. Rainforest trees are dependent on bacteria that are continually producing nutrients in the ground. Rainforest bacteria and trees have a very close, symbiotic (共生的 ) relationship. The trees provide the bacteria with food, in the
19、 form of fallen leaves and other material, and the bacteria break this material down into the nutrients that the trees need to survive. One of the most remarkable things about rainforest plant life is its diversity. The temperate rainforests of the Pacific Northwest are mainly composed of a dozen or
20、 so tree species. A tropical rainforest, on the other hand, might have 300 distinct tree species. All Creatures, Great and Small Rainforests are home to the majority of animal species in the world. And a great number of species who now live in other environments, including humans, originally inhabit
21、ed the rainforests. Researchers estimate that in a large rainforest area, there may be more than 10 million different animal species. Most of these species have adapted for life in the upper levels of the rainforest, where food is most plentiful. Insects, which can easily climb or fly from tree to t
22、ree, make up the largest group (ants are the most abundant animal in the rainforest). Insect species have a highly symbiotic relationship with the plant life in a rainforest. The insects move from plant to plant, enjoying the wealth of food provided there. As they travel, the insects may pick up the
23、 plants seeds, dropping them some distance away. This helps to disperse the population of the plant species over a larger area. The numerous birds of the rainforest also play a major part in seed dispersal. When they eat fruit from a plant, the seeds pass through their digestive system. By the time
24、they excrete (排泄 ) the seeds, the birds may have flown many miles away from the fruit-bearing tree. There are also a large number of reptiles and mammals in the rainforest. Since the weather is so hot and humid during the day, most rainforest mammals are active only at night, dusk or dawn. The many
25、rainforest bat species are especially well adapted for this lifestyle. Using their sonar, bats navigate easily through the mass of trees in the rainforest, feeding on insects and fruit. While most rainforest species spend their lives in the trees, there is also a lot of life on the forest floor. Gre
26、at apes, wild pigs, big cats and even elephants can all be found in rainforests. There are a number of people who live in the rainforests, as well. These tribes-which, up until recently, numbered in the thousands-are being forced out of the rainforests at an alarming rate because of deforestation. D
27、eforestation In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests at an alarming rate. Today, roughly 1.5 acres of rainforest are destroyed every second. People are cutting down the rainforests in pursuit of three major resources: - land for crops - lumber for paper and other wood pro
28、ducts - land for livestock pastures In the current economy, people obviously have a need for all of these resources. But almost all experts agree that, over time, we will suffer much more from the destruction of the rainforests than we will benefit. The worlds rainforests are an extremely valuable n
29、atural resource, to be sure, but not for their lumber or their land. They are the main cradle of life on Earth, and they hold millions of unique life forms that we have yet to discover. Destroying the rainforests is comparable to destroying an unknown planet we have no idea what were losing. If defo
30、restation continues at its current rate, the worlds tropical rainforests will be wiped out within 40 years. 2 Virtually all plant and animal species on Earth can be found in tropical rainforests. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 There is not much change in the weather in the tropical rainforests all the year
31、 round. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The largest number of rainforests in the world are located on the African continent. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Below the canopy level of a tropical rainforest grows an overabundance of plants. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 New tree seedlings will not survive to reach the cano
32、py level unless _. 7 Epiphytes, which form much of the understory of the rainforest, get all their water and nutrients from _. 8 Stranglers are so called because they _ by blocking the sunlight and competing for the nutrients. 9 Since rainforest bacteria and trees depend on each other for life, the
33、relationship they form is termed _. 10 Plant species are dispersed over a large area with the help of _. 11 As we are still ignorant of millions of unique life forms in the rainforest, deforestation can be compared to the destruction of _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short
34、 conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B
35、, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Shes enjoying the music. （ B） The music will keep her awake. （ C） The music doesnt bother her. （ D） She would prefer a different style of music. （ A） She will take the subway. （ B） She will hurry to the conference. （ C） She will skip the conferenc
36、e and go Sightseeing. （ D） She will take a bus. （ A） She thinks big parties are too impersonal. （ B） She would like to invite friends to a big party. （ C） She feels she has to spend a lot of money in holding big parties. （ D） She would like to be invited to small parties. （ A） It is quite unexpected
37、, （ B） She has already got the news. （ C） She has confidence in the man. （ D） It is not exciting to learn about it. （ A） He is not satisfied with the pay. （ B） He is not able to enjoy paid holidays. （ C） The job is not very challenging for him. （ D） There is no hope of promotion. （ A） He has to chan
38、ge the topic for his composition. （ B） He has fallen behind others in English class. （ C） He hasnt made up his mind as to what to write about. （ D） The book he borrowed will be due tomorrow. （ A） She is against the mans plan. （ B） She thinks it needs a lot of money. （ C） They need some time to think
39、 about it. （ D） Its good for his career development. （ A） She should present him a book on music. （ B） The teacher has some interests other than reading. （ C） Its a good idea because the teacher loves reading. （ D） The teacher would like to have a book on language teaching. （ A） Apply immediately wi
40、th any credit card. （ B） Fill out the membership application form. （ C） Pay a membership fee. （ D） Buy certain items in the store. （ A） It bills the customer once a month. （ B） Its a kind of ATM cards. （ C） Its a kind of credit cards. （ D） It takes out the money from the customers bank account. （ A）
41、 In a grocery store. （ B） In a bank. （ C） In a book store. （ D） In a post office. （ A） The close-ups are perfect. （ B） The dialogues are easy to understand. （ C） Its not boring at all. （ D） It doesnt tell any story. （ A） Because its dark. （ B） Because it makes her think. （ C） Because there are two-d
42、imensional characters in it. （ D） Because the dialogues in it are superficial. （ A） Gun fights end exploding cars. （ B） Depressing stories. （ C） Intense characters. （ D） Dark background. （ A） Comedy. （ B） Light movie. （ C） Mystery movie. （ D） Action movie. Section B Directions: In this section, you
43、will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） British, （ B） Americans. （ C） Germans. （ D） J
44、apanese. （ A） Entirely effective. （ B） Totally incorrect. （ C） A complete failure. （ D） Quite difficult （ A） Have a greater sense of duty. （ B） Can get higher pay. （ C） Can avoid working hard. （ D） Can avoid busy traffic. （ A） Its because there are many developing nations. （ B） Its because people us
45、e too many man-made materials. （ C） Its because we have more and more industry. （ D） Its because we are building more vehicles （ A） Industry. （ B） Health. （ C） The future of our children. （ D） Clean air. （ A） Man knows where the society ts going. （ B） People dont welcome the rapid development of mod
46、ern society. （ C） The speaker is worried about the future of our modem society. （ D） Man can do nothing about the problem of pollution. （ A） They are leading in the game. （ B） The score is really close. （ C） The Dream Team is way behind. （ D） They win the game. （ A） Its made up of professional athle
47、tes, （ B） Its made up of college players. （ C） Its made up of both professional and college players. （ D） Ifs made up of young athletes. （ A） He was injured in a fight and had to leave the game. （ B） He fought with another player. （ C） He got in a fight with a fan and was thrown out of the game. （ D
48、） He led his team to success. （ A） They drank a special beverage made from Japanese herbs. （ B） They had uncooked fish the night before the game. （ C） They had a massage from head to foot to relax their muscles. （ D） Some players were injured before the game. Section C Directions: In this section, y
49、ou will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Many workers depend on p
