1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 376及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Precious Water. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1.举例说明水对人类的重要性 2. 举 例说明我国所面临的水资源问题 3. 为了生存和发展人们要 Precious Water 二、 P
2、art II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage
3、; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Where Have All the People Gone? Germans are getting used to a new kind of immigrant. In 1998, a pack of wolves crossed the Neisse River on the Polish-G
4、erman border. In the empty landscape of eastern Saxony, dotted with abandoned mines and declining villages, the wolves found plenty of deer and few humans. Five years later, a second pack split from the original, so therere now two families of wolves in the region. A hundred years ago, a growing lan
5、d-hungry population killed off the last of Germanys wolves. Today, its the local humans whose numbers are under threat. Villages are empty, thanks to the regions low birth rate and rural flight. Home to 22 of the worlds 25 lowest fertility rate countries, Europe will lose 30 million people by 2030,
6、even with continued immigration. The biggest population decline will hit rural Europe. As Italians, Spaniards, Germans and others produce barely three-fifths of children needed to maintain status quo, and as rural flight sucks people into Europes suburbs and cities, the countryside will lose a quart
7、er of its population. The implications of this demographic (人口的 ) change will be far-reaching. Environmental Changes The postcard view of Europe is of a continent where every scrap of land has long been farmed, fenced off and settled. But the continent of the future may look rather different. Big pa
8、rts of Europe will renaturalize. Bears are back in Austria. In Swiss Alpine valleys, farms have been receding and forests are growing back. In parts of France and Germany, wildcats and wolves have re-established their ranges. The shrub and forest that grows on abandoned land might be good for deer a
9、nd wolves, but is vastly less species-rich than traditional farming, with its pastures, ponds and hedges. Once shrub covers everything, you lose the meadow habitat. All the flowers, herbs, birds, and butterflies disappear. A new forest doesnt get diverse until a couple of hundred years old. All this
10、 is not necessarily an environmentalists dream it might seem. Take the Greek village of Prastos. An ancient hill town, Prastos once had 1,000 residents, most of them working the land. Now only a dozen left, most in their 60s and 70s. The school has been closed since 1988. Sunday church bells no long
11、er ting. Without farmers to tend the fields, rain has washed away the once fertile soil. As in much of Greece, land that has been orchards and pasture for some 2,000 years is now covered with dry shrub that, in summer, frequently catches fire. Varied Pictures of Rural Depopulation Rural depopulation
12、 is not new. Thousands of villages like Prastos dot Europe, the result of a century or more of emigration, industrialization, and agricultural mechanization. But this time its different because never has the rural birth rate so low. In the past, a farmer could usually find at least one of his offspr
13、ing to take over the land. Today, the chances are that he has only a single son or daughter, usually working in the city and rarely willing to return. In Italy, more than 40% of the countrys 1.9 million farmers are at least 65 years old. Once they die out, many of their farms will join the 6 million
14、 hectares one third of Italys farmland that has already been abandoned. Rising economic pressures, especially from reduced government subsidies, will amplify the trend. One third of Europes farmland is marginal, from the cold northern plains to the dry Mediterranean (地中海 ) hills. Most of these farme
15、rs rely on EU subsides, since its cheaper to import food from abroad. Without subsidies, some of the most scenic European landscapes wouldnt survive. In the Austrian or Swiss Alps, defined for centuries by orchards, cows, high mountain pastures, the steep valleys are labor-intensive to farm, with su
16、bsidies paying up to 90% of the cost. Across the border in France and Italy, subsidies have been reduced for mountain farming. Since then, across the southern Alps, villages have emptied and forests have grown back in. Outside the range of subsidies, in Bulgaria, Romania and Ukraine, big tracts of l
17、and are returning to wild. Big Challenges The truth is varied and interesting. While many rural regions of Europe are emptying out, others will experience something of a renaissance. Already, attractive areas within driving distance of prosperous cities are seeing robust revivals, driven by urban fl
18、ight and an in-flooding of childless retirees. Contrast that with less-favored areas, from the Spanish interior to eastern Europe. These face dying villages, abandoned farms and changes in the land not seen for generations. Both types of regions will have to cope with steeply ageing population and i
19、ts accompanying health and service needs. Rural Europe is the laboratory of demographic changes. For governments, the challenge has been to develop policies that slow the demographic decline or attract new residents. In some places such as Britain and France, large parts of countryside are reviving
20、as increasingly wealthy urban middle class in search of second homes recolonises villages and farms. Villages in central Italy are counting on tourism to revive their town, turning farmhouses into hostels for tourists and hikers. But once baby boomers start dying out around 2020, populations will st
21、art to decline so sharply that there simply wont be enough people to reinvent itself. Its simply unclear how long current government policies can put off the inevitable. “We are now talking about civilized depopulation. We just have to make sure that old people we leave behind are taken care of.“ Sa
22、ys Mats Johansson of Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. The biggest challenge is finding creative ways to keep up services for the rising proportion of seniors. When the Austrian village of Klans, thinly spread over the Alpine foothills, decided it could no longer afford a regular public bu
23、s service, the community set up a public taxi-on-demand service for the aged. In thinly populated Lapland where doctors are few and far between, tech-savvy Finns the rising demand for specialized health care with a service that uses videoconferencing and the Internet for remote medical examination.
24、Another pioneer is the village of Aguaviva, one of rapidly depopulating areas in Spain. In 2000, Mayor Manznanares began offering free air-fares and housing for foreign families to settle in Aguaviva. Now the mud-brown town of about 600 has 130 Argentine and Romanian immigrants, and the towns only s
25、chool has 54 pupils. Immigration was one solution to the problem. But most foreign immigrants continue to prefer cities. And within Europe migration only exports the problem. Western European look towards eastern Europe as a source for migrants, yet those countries have ultra-low birth rates of thei
26、r own. Now the increasingly worried European governments are developing policies to make people have more children, from better childcare to monthly stipends (津贴 ) linked to family size. But while these measures might raise the birth rate slightly, across the much of the ageing continent there are j
27、ust too few potential parents around. 2 The current rural depopulation in Europe is the result of long-term emigration and industrialization. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The demographic change in rural Europe will have a negative effect on every aspect of the local economy from tourist industry income t
28、o agricultural outputs. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The general view of Europe is likely to change from cultivated farm-land to growing shrubs and forests with species-poor wildlife such as wildcats, bears, deer and wolves. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Many rural regions in Europe, such as the Greek village
29、of Prastos, are plagued with environmental hazards as more and more fields lay unattended. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Largely because of very low birth rate, _ of farmland in Italy has already been abandoned. 7 Besides low birth rate, _ is another factor that fuels the trend of rural population in part
30、s of Europe. 8 Some attractive rural regions not far from the cities are witnessing a certain _ , as more and more childless seniors move towards cities. 9 The governments polices to attract new residents and slow depopulation process might become futile once _ . 10 _ are two examples of finding cre
31、ative ways to keeping up services for the rapidly aging population in rural Europe. 11 The mayor of a Spanish town once tried to use free air passage and housing to _ . Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversatio
32、n, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Because she has an
33、 appointment with the man. （ B） Because she has an appointment with the *sales manager. （ C） Because she wants to find a job. （ D） Because she wants to make sure if she can find a vacancy. （ A） Six Units. （ B） Fourteen Units. （ C） Sixteen Units. （ D） Ten Units. （ A） It will be rainy. （ B） It will be
34、 cold. （ C） It will be moist and hot. （ D） It will be very pleasant. （ A） He thinks it is a wise move. （ B） He thinks Bob is not wise to invest all his money in stocks. （ C） He thinks Bob should move to another place. （ D） He thinks its better for Bob to invest later. （ A） He cant afford the car rig
35、ht now. （ B） He will buy the car as soon as he has enough money. （ C） He thinks someone else has bought the ear. （ D） He thinks someone else has destroyed the ear. （ A） They am better than the modem movies. （ B） There is more technology in them. （ C） The technology in them cannot be compared with th
36、at of modem ones. （ D） They are excellent to us now. （ A） A woman cannot shine the mans shoes. （ B） A woman cannot allow her man to drink. （ C） The man can never find a traditional woman as before. （ D） As times are changing, women are no longer gentle. （ A） Advertisers try to find the law to suppor
37、t them. （ B） Advertisers used deer in ads to show the cigarette is even liked by deer. （ C） The university sweater is another way of advertising. （ D） Advertisers think of ways to avoid breaking the law even though their acts are illegal to some extent. （ A） She doesnt know which topic to choose. （
38、B） Her assignments are due on the same day. （ C） Shes concerned about the spotted owl. （ D） She dislikes her economics class. （ A） A scarcity of jobs in their field. （ B） Inadequate training in methods of biological research. （ C） Difficulties in classifying all of the varieties of owls. （ D） A lack
39、 of funding for their work with endangered species. （ A） It has numerous traits in common with the spotted owl. （ B） Its population is increasing. （ C） It may not survive without special efforts of conservationists. （ D） Its role in the chain of evolution has not yet been examined. （ A） Common cause
40、s of anger. （ B） Judging peoples behavior. （ C） Changing peoples attitudes. （ D） The effects of negative behavior. （ A） When theyre unable to control the persons behavior. （ B） When the causes of the behavior are obvious. （ C） When the consequences of the behavior are unpleasant. （ D） When the behav
41、ior is expected. （ A） Its not always clear why people behave in certain ways. （ B） People usually blame others for their mistakes. （ C） Certain conditions cause drivers to behave strangely. （ D） The reason for some behavior is Obvious. （ A） They usually accept responsibility. （ B） They blame factors
42、 beyond their control. （ C） They complain about their personal problems. （ D） They compare their behavior to the behavior of others. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions wil
43、l be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The problems faced by leaders. （ B） How leadership differs in small and large groups. （ C） How social groups determine who will lead them. （ D） The role of leaders in so
44、cial groups. （ A） Person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group. （ B） Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person. （ C） A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership. （ D） Mos
45、t people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications. （ A） Few people qualify as “natural leaders“. （ B） There is no proof that “natural leaders“ exist. （ C） Natural leaders are easily accepted by the members of a group. （ D） Natural leaders share a similar set of ch
46、aracteristics. （ A） Children are unable to analyze and judge advertisements. （ B） Children are unable to give consent since they are too young. （ C） Children often give off information that may be dangerous to them. （ D） Children are not ready to evaluate advertisements or information requests. （ A）
47、 There is no actual sales take place. （ B） It is up to parents to monitor their children. （ C） Children understand what an advertisement is trying to do. （ D） Children are provided a game in return for the information. （ A） Advertising to children must stop. （ B） A liberal view in advertising is unp
48、rincipled. （ C） Advertising to children must have a clear purpose. （ D） Children must be treated differently when advertising. （ A） The way to ensure the survival of the human race on Venus. （ B） The way to breed organisms on Venus. （ C） The way to reduce the population of the Earth. （ D） The way to
49、 conquer the universe. （ A） We will not have enough food to eat. （ B） All the oil that drives our cars will be used up. （ C） The earth will become too crowded. （ D） There will be little water left on Earth. （ A） Venus is too hot. （ B） There is no water there. （ C） There is no oil. （ D） It is lacking in carbon dioxide. （ A） They can be bred in any conditions. （ B） They produce oxygen. （ C） They can easily be carried in spaceships. （ D） They are organisms. Section C Directions: In this sec
