1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 101及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on judgment by referring to the saying “Dont judge a book by its cover until youve read the book.“ You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can make r
2、ational judgments. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Section A （ A） She feels as painful as the man does. （ B） She totally understands the mans feeling. （ C） The car accident could have been avoided. （ D） Old people will die anyway. （ A） Wine is too strong for the guest
3、s. （ B） All guests prefer beer. （ C） Beer is relatively cheap. （ D） The store hasnt enough wine. （ A） Go to the supermarket with the woman. （ B） Find a porter for the woman. （ C） Work in the womans company. （ D） Cook dinner for the woman. （ A） The man is wise to have bargained. （ B） Other places off
4、er a lower price. （ C） The shop didnt charge the man much. （ D） The man might have been overcharged. （ A） The artists works are beyond understanding. （ B） The artists unexpected tragedy is a great pity. （ C） The artists paintings are actually worthless. （ D） People shouldve recognized the artists va
5、lue earlier. （ A） The woman is strict with her employees. （ B） The man always has excuses for being late. （ C） The woman is a kind-hearted boss. （ D） The mans alarm clock didnt work that morning. （ A） He would like to have fish. （ B） He would like to have steak. （ C） He doesnt like iced food. （ D） H
6、e doesnt like dried food. （ A） Quit singing. （ B） Improve manual work. （ C） Practice harder. （ D） Change a song. （ A） Play basketball with his colleagues. （ B） Go to hospital and have a physical check. （ C） Lose weight and strengthen the muscles. （ D） Compete in a cycling race with colleagues. （ A）
7、He should start with a light workout. （ B） He should go to have a check-up. （ C） He should eat less fatty foods. （ D） He should visit a fitness trainer. （ A） It helps improve the physical health. （ B） It is good for a sound sleep. （ C） It helps develop mental toughness. （ D） It helps lose weight. （
8、A） A literature professor. （ B） An academic advisor. （ C） Dean of the English Department. （ D） A Doctor of Applied Linguistics. （ A） To inquire about switching majors. （ B） To find a helping supervisor. （ C） To make up the remaining credits. （ D） To apply for a masters degree. （ A） He cant catch up
9、with his classmates. （ B） He finds the English course load too heavy. （ C） He is not interested in his present major. （ D） He is good at Applied Linguistics. （ A） Twenty-four credits. （ B） Twelve credits. （ C） Three Credits. （ D） Thirty-six credits. Section B （ A） Her business skills. （ B） Her study
10、 experience abroad. （ C） Her critical thinking ability. （ D） Her cultural knowledge. （ A） It paid off. （ B） It turned out to be a nightmare. （ C） It was overcharged. （ D） It made her an expert. （ A） Finances, time and property. （ B） Tuition, spending and relationships. （ C） Money, safety and time li
11、mitations. （ D） Experience, spending constraints and security. （ A） It has lost the sense of history. （ B） It has lost attraction to tourists. （ C） It has lost the commercial chances. （ D） It has lost water sources. （ A） The rebuilt part of the wall. （ B） The wind-beaten valleys. （ C） The disappeari
12、ng rock face. （ D） The overgrowing plant life. （ A） The commercial scene of the Wall. （ B） The natural state of the Wall. （ C） The rebuilt construction of the Wall. （ D） The ruin of the Wall. （ A） Doubtful. （ B） Guilty. （ C） Sad. （ D） Pessimistic. （ A） Because he benefited a lot from peoples advice.
13、 （ B） Because he always held up to his dreams. （ C） Because he was in fact a versatile genius. （ D） Because he got great help from his followers. （ A） His body was too strong and his name too long. （ B） He never made any movie poster with his name. （ C） His face was too ugly and his brain too simple
14、. （ D） He played too many Nazi roles on the screen. （ A） Fabulous fortune. （ B） Faith in himself. （ C） Larger circle of friends. （ D） A bigger goal. Section C 26 People who dont understand what their employers expect them to do may be headed for one of the most common and yet most avoidable career【
15、B1】 _. If your boss doesnt take the time to explain properly what you are expected to do in your position, then keep asking questions until you know 【 B2】 _what it is. Dont limit your questions to matters of everyday【 B3】 _. Lee Colby, a management consultant, offers his advice. He says you can ask
16、more【 B4】 _ questions like, “what are our departments goals? How does my work【 B5】 _the overall objective of the company?“ That method helped Lisa James, an assistant manager at an electronics company when James was 【 B6】 _ to a new department seven years ago, she found herself not only working for
17、the manager of quality but assisting 3 other managers. The job was both【 B7】 _and ill-defined. To clarify what was expected of her and what she hoped to get from her job in terms of career development, she crafted a list of goals【 B8】_ her principal boss. The list proved so well that her boss used i
18、t as the basis for her annual performance reviews. Shortly afterwards, she was given a raise for her efficient work. If your boss is【 B9】 _ about what your goals should be, try this technique: Read your position description, which most large firms provide, and【 B10】 _the two or three most important
19、tasks it mentions. Then meet with your boss, point out the tasks youve chosen and ask if they accurately reflect what your boss considers important. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 It seems logical: College graduates have lower
20、unemployment and earn more than less educated workers, so, the thinking goes, the fix for todays weak growth in jobs and wages is to make sure that more people earn college degrees. But thats a common misperception,【 C1】 _attention from the serious work that has to be done to create jobs and improve
21、 incomes. A college education remains a【 C2】 _to more stable, higher-paying employment. The recent jobless rate for college graduates ages 25 and older was 3.2 percent. That is a far lower rate of joblessness than for high school graduates and people without high school【 C3】 _. But that doesnt mean
22、that enough good jobs are, or will be,【 C4】 _for college graduates. The jobless rate for those under 25 averaged 8.2 percent this year. Recent graduates also face【 C5】 _underemployment, meaning that they work in jobs that typically do not require bachelors degrees. Pay,【 C6】 _, has not changed for c
23、ollege-educated workers over the past 12 years. Thats better than【 C7】 _, as has been the case for less-educated workers. But it also shows that a college education, in and of itself, does not create good jobs at good pay. For that, a【 C8】 _economy is essential including consistent pro-employment po
24、licies and investments by business and government. Right now, the【 C9】 _for more good jobs at good pay is not good. According to recent data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, of the 20 occupations expected to add the most new jobs from 2012 to 2022, only one general and operations managementrequi
25、res a bachelors degree. It also pays well. Most of the other big-growth occupations offered very low or【 C10】 _pay. A)declining B)diplomats C)meanwhile D)outlook E)qualitative F)available G)evacuated H)thriving I)moderate J)hence K)diverting L)path M)eligible N)diplomas O)rising 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39
26、 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Why Sustainable Buildings Need to Focus on Community And Collaboration? AAccording to the government, buildings in the UK account for about 43% of all carbon emissions; when you also consider the amount of other reso
27、urces they require, such as water, and the amount of energy that goes into transporting millions of us to work every day, its clear we need to make our buildings more sustainable. Yet sustainability does not begin and end with reducing carbon. The buildings we work in define and shape their neighbou
28、rhoods, especially in cities, where they have an enormous social impact upon communities. Local traders depend on the income from the people who are employed nearby, while the wellbeing of employees is affected by their workplace surroundings. BSo how can we ensure the buildings of the future are su
29、stainable, creative and productive workplaces that benefit the employees who work in them and the communities that surround them? That question formed the basis of a recent roundtable debate, held in association with property investor Derwent London. Saying energy CUnusually, the early part of the d
30、iscussion was framed by a prototype office for Derwents White Collar Factory project. The building, which goes on site in 2014, has been designed to test sustainable ways of lighting, heating, cooling and occupying a building, for instance, by mixing start-ups with established companies. Compared to
31、 a normal office building, the White Collar Factory will save a tonne of carbon every two days, said Derwent Londons director Paul Williams. “It will also be an enjoyable space,“ he said, referring to the open-plan, high-ceiling design. DHowever, designing a high-spec building that takes advantage o
32、f all the latest energy-saving technologies such as advanced heating, cooling and building-management software does not always guarantee a sustainable future. EChris Early, estates manager of Telefonica, said developers should not get “hung up about the type of air conditioning“. By concentrating so
33、lely on energy-saving technologies, developers could lose sight of the wider issues surrounding sustainability. “Its about how you develop a larger site as a whole: the mixture of small and large occupiers and startups.“ For developments to be successful in the future, youve got to be delivering spa
34、ce that works from an occupational perspective, so people can collaborate within their own organisation, but also with others. There has got to be more of a community feel.“ FSpeaking off the record, one participant suggested that the reason why developments werent always designed and occupied susta
35、inably was simply down to finance. “Im not sure the boardroom understands buildings. My finance director will focus purely on the numbers, the minimum amount of space we can occupy, the lowest rates we can secure the space for. Were constantly challenged trying to explain the wider tangible(切实的 )ben
36、efits a creative space can offer.“ GRab Bennetts, co-founder of Bennetts Associates, agreed it was difficult to measure the benefits of creative space as opposed to something like rent in a tangible way, but he suggested that reducing absenteeism and improving recruitment, for example, were benefits
37、 that are often overlooked. “If you can improve the workforce a little bit by making it a nicer place so theres less absenteeism, the difference is huge,“ said Bennetts. HWhile all delegates acknowledged that cost was an important issue, Chris Sherwin, head of sustainabil-ity at Seymourpowell, sugge
38、sted many of the related problems could be overcome by thinking about the issues at the initial design stage. Referring to his experience of working with manufacturers and product developers, Sherwin said: “Most of the wellbeing and environmental impacts are locked in at the very early design stages
39、 and I think its pretty much the same with buildings.“ IFor Ziona Strelitz, founder director of ZZA responsive user environments, the failure to create sustainable working environments in the past resulted from directors being afraid to take what would be perceived as risks. However, she believed th
40、at was no longer the case. “There was a generational shift after the dotcom boom, there was a turning point where the people deciding on what kind of spaces they wanted changed. Suddenly much younger people had the money and power to make premises decisions.“ JBut a note of caution was sounded by St
41、ephen Taylor, associate director at Allford Hall Monaghan Morris architects, who pointed out that people have different ideas about what their perfect workplace is. “The best we can hope for as architects is to give people that loose fit to allow flexibility to happen over time.“ Designing buildings
42、 in this manner would give occupiers flexibility over how they wanted to work, he said. Collaborative working KThe benefits of flexible working are not confined to improving employees wellbeing, either, said Early. Discussing his own organisations policy on remote working, he said: “Its sustainable
43、as were reducing car use by encouraging people to work from home. were trying to make it more of a hotel environment, where you come in to do something productive then go.“ While using LED lighting and other energy-saving initiatives were “good housekeeping“, keeping an estate small was ultimately f
44、undamental to reducing an organisations carbon footprint. So how can companies reduce their estate? LMany participants thought technology could provide an answer. Strelitz pointed to the work of Liq-uidSpace, a US-based firm that has created an app to help users find and book a work space suited to
45、their needs, whenever they need it. The app also allows the companies providing the workplaces to optimise the space they have available. Participants agreed this kind of collaborative working could be key to the future of sustainable buildings. “To think people only have their own employees in a bu
46、ilding and theyre only going to work in a certain way has gone for ever and that change has to be embraced,“ said Williams. MWhile everyone recognised that collaborative working among occupiers was a major step towards making buildings more sustainable, when it came to collaboration among landlords
47、and developers, many felt a lack of government direction was hindering progress. Unless politicians are engaged in the discussion, its hard to imagine there will be much drive for sustainability through regulation, said Tony Travers, director of LSE London. “Most governments are trying to avoid regu
48、lations so making the discussion more accessible to those who make planning decisions is essential, otherwise it will be cut off from the places that bring the pressure to create change.“ NBennetts suggested that the government had missed an opportunity when it scrapped proposals to make display ene
49、rgy certificates mandatory for commercial buildings. As an alternative, he suggested introducing a “kitemark“(风筝标志 )for buildings, which rated their environmental, social and economic sustainability, including social capital. The mark would be displayed prominently on a building to raise the profile of its energy use. OThe way buildings are assessed for their sustainability came in for some critici
