1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 261及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Days We Should Keep in Mind. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1很多年轻人从不会忘记庆祝自己的生日，父母的生日却不知道 2这种现象
2、说明了什么问题，原因是什么 3我们应该怎么做 Section A （ A） He always likes something more challenging. （ B） He wants to live nearer to his family. （ C） He wants to put his administration knowledge into practice. （ D） He did reporting before and was interested in journalism. （ A） Administrative news. （ B） General social
3、concerns. （ C） Financial news. （ D） Local news. （ A） Shocked. （ B） Acceptable. （ C） Incredible. （ D） Indifferent. （ A） She only wants to hire local people. （ B） She lived in the city for a long time. （ C） She will send the employees everywhere. （ D） She wants to know more about applicants. （ A） Choo
4、sing courses. （ B） Preordering textbooks. （ C） Dealing with used books. （ D） Looking for part-time jobs. （ A） Names of the recommended books. （ B） The name and number of her professor. （ C） A letter of recommendation from the supervisor. （ D） The course names and the schedule numbers. （ A） When she
5、gets the books. （ B） When the classes begin. （ C） When she hands in the form. （ D） When she is able to pay. （ A） If she changes classes. （ B） If the books are used. （ C） If she wants to sell them. （ D） If the books are needed by others. Section B （ A） They are indulged in the virtual world. （ B） The
6、y spend little time on their schoolwork. （ C） They take advantage of the Internet to threaten others. （ D） They are reluctant to interact with others in the real world. （ A） It provides them access to negative information. （ B） It helps them make new friends. （ C） It doesnt give proper guidance to t
7、he young users. （ D） It doesnt give feedback about the consequences of ones actions. （ A） They are too busy to detect it. （ B） It is beyond their supervision. （ C） The youth are threatened not to tell the truth. （ D） It doesnt show on the radar screen. （ A） He made up his mind to work for the disabl
8、e. （ B） He decided to work in an auto company. （ C） He unfortunately had a car accident. （ D） He invented a new type of vehicle. （ A） A driver. （ B） A sales manager. （ C） An engineer. （ D） An advertising executive. （ A） It can be controlled remotely. （ B） It takes much room of a car. （ C） It has som
9、e merits and drawbacks. （ D） It is rather expensive. （ A） It will turn out to be a failure. （ B） It will receive a lot of orders. （ C） It helps depress the economy. （ D） It downturns the economy to a great extent. Section C （ A） Money. （ B） Message. （ C） Media. （ D） Market. （ A） People seldom watch
10、advertisements in holiday. （ B） People seldom give sports equipment as holiday gifts. （ C） People seldom make advertisements in holiday. （ D） People seldom use sports equipment in holiday. （ A） The soup tastes very bad. （ B） The soup is too expensive. （ C） The socks are of low quality. （ D） The sock
11、s give wrong message. （ A） All applicants in US have to take it. （ B） It is the only college entrance test in US. （ C） It helps to measure applicants academic skills. （ D） It has been abandoned by all universities. （ A） Students can apply without test scores. （ B） Students can decide which test to t
12、ake. （ C） Universities can give their own tests. （ D） Students can choose when to take tests. （ A） It is the largest university in US. （ B） It values high school performance. （ C） It has a strong curriculum for students. （ D） It thinks highly of an SAT test score. （ A） It was only a single road. （ B
13、） It was the longest trade route. （ C） It was built about 1000 years ago. （ D） It took about 80 years to build. （ A） He was one of the greatest emperors in Han Dynasty. （ B） He brought to Persia a new breed of horse from China. （ C） He was considered to be the father of the Silk Road. （ D） He was th
14、e one who coined the name “Silk Road“. （ A） Religion. （ B） Silk. （ C） Horses. （ D） Tobacco. （ A） It cost much less. （ B） It was not affected by weather. （ C） It was supported by the emperor. （ D） It was relatively safer. Section A 26 As the world excitedly greeted Snuppy, the first cloned(克隆 )dog, c
15、ommentators celebrated our cleverness. Many feel proud that our age is marked by technological【 C1】 _. But an article in British newspaper The Observer recently said true innovation has【 C2】 _from our society. The writer was Peter Watson, author of the book Ideas A History from Fire to Freud. Watson
16、 began: “The year 2005 cant begin to compete with 1905 in terms of【 C3】_innovations.“ “Writing a history of ideas over the past three years, I have been【 C4】 _time and again by the fact that, contrary to what we tell ourselves all the time on TV, in newspapers and magazines, in【 C5】 _and in governme
17、nt propaganda our present world is nowhere near as【 C6】 _and innovative as it thinks it is, certainly in comparison with past ages. “Yes, we are dazzled by mobile phones, cameras, digital TV, and the www, by laser-guided surgery and bombs, by DNA fingerprinting, and now by cloning. These are not【 C7
18、】 _things but do they change the way we think in important in fundamental directions?“ Watson quotes Richard Southern, Oxford University historian, who died last year: “Southern thought the most interesting times in history were 1050-1250 and 1750-1950.“ “Each of these periods transformed our unders
19、tanding of ourselves【 C8】 _“. “But what great ideas or transformations have been【 C9】 _in the half-century since 1950?“ Watson asked, pointing out that except for a few innovations such as the Internet, most scientific research【 C10】 _modifies previous studies. A)rarely E)distributed I)radically M)i
20、nteresting B)introduced F)important J)struck N)advertising C)merely G)advances K)disappeared O)pessimistic D)intimate H)statistics L)small 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Some Suggestions for Pessimists AObesity and smoking may
21、be the most conspicuous causes of illness in this country, but physical factors dont account for everything. Your psychology namely, your personality and outlook on life can be just as important to your well-being as exercising and eating right. And especially these days, with the worlds economy tum
22、bling toward a depression, its a good time to prevent yourself from slipping into one too. BAn entire science has grown up around the risks of negative thinking(as well as the power of positive psychology), and the latest findings confirm that a pessimistic outlook not only fuels anxiety, which can
23、put people at risk for chronic mental illnesses like depression, but may also cause early death and set people up for a number of minor physical illnesses, ranging from the common cold to heart disease and immune disorders. COptimism, meanwhile, is associated with a happier and longer life. Over the
24、 course of a recent eight-year study, University of Pittsburgh researchers found that optimistic women lived longer than pessimistic ones. Which may be good news for the active people out there, but what about the rest of us who arent always so cheerful? Are we destined for sickness and failure? Or
25、is it possible to master the principles of positivity the same way we might learn a new hobby or follow a recipe? DThe answer from the experts seems to be yes. But it does take effort. Seeing the sunny side doesnt come easily. Be an “Optimalist“ EMost people would define optimism as being eternally
26、hopeful, endlessly happy, with a glass thats perpetually half full. But thats exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldnt recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,“ says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor who taught the universitys most popular c
27、ourse, Positive Psychology, from 2002 to 2008. “It certainly doesnt mean thinking everything is great and wonderful.“ FBen-Shahar, who is the author of Happier and The Pursuit of Perfect, describes realistic optimists as “optimalists“ not those who believe everything happens for the best, but those
28、who make the best of things that happen. GIn his own life, Ben-Shahar uses three optimalist exercises, which he calls PRP. When he feels down say, after giving a bad lecture he grants himself permission(P)to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner: some will be less
29、 effective than others. Next is reconstruction(R). He analyses the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesnt. Finally, theres perspective(P), which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesnt matter. HStudies suggest that pe
30、ople who are able to focus on the positive aspects of a negative event basically, cope with failure can protect themselves from the physical toll of stress and anxiety. In a recent study at the University of California, San Francisco(UCSF), scientists asked a group of women to give a speech in front
31、 of a stone-faced audience of strangers. On the first day, all the participants said they felt threatened, and they showed fear hormones(荷尔蒙 ). On subsequent days, however, those women who had reported rebounding from a major life crisis in the past no longer felt the same subjective threat over spe
32、aking in public. They had learned that this negative event, too, would pass and they would survive. “Its a back door to the same positive state because people are able to tolerate and accept the negative,“ says Elissa Epel, one of the psychologists involved in the study. Accept Pain and Sadness IBei
33、ng optimistic doesnt mean shutting out sad or painful emotions. As a clinical psychologist, Martin Seligman, who runs the Positive Psychology Center at the University of Pennsylvania, says he used to feel proud whenever he helped depressed patients rid themselves of sadness, anxiety or anger. “I tho
34、ught I would get a happy person,“ he says. “But I never did. What I got was an empty person.“ Thats what prompted him to launch the field of positive psychology, with a groundbreaking address to the American Psychological Association in 1998. Instead of focusing only on righting wrongs and lifting m
35、isery, he argued, psychologists need to help patients foster good mental health through constructive skills, like Ben-Shahars PRP. The idea is to teach patients to strengthen their strengths rather than simply improve their weaknesses. “Its not enough to clear away the weeds,“ Seligman says. “If you
36、 want roses, you have to plant a rose.“ JWhen a loved one dies or you lose your job, for example, its normal and healthy to mourn. Youre supposed to feel sad and even depressed. But you cant put yourself in sadness for too long. A study by UCSF researchers of HIV-positive men whose partners had died
37、 found that the men who allowed themselves to grieve while also seeking to accept the death were better able to bounce back from the tragedy. Men who focused only on the loss as opposed to, say, viewing the death as a relief of their partners suffering, tended to grieve longer, presumably because th
38、ey couldnt find a way out of their sadness. Smile in Your Profile Picture KIf all else fails, try “catching“ happiness from your friends. We are social beings, of course, and our outlook is influenced to no small degree by that of our friends and family. LChristakis and his colleague James Fowler at
39、 the University of California, San Diego, are now studying happiness infection in perhaps the largest social network of all, Facebook. They noticed that people who smiled in their Facebook profile pictures tended to have other friends who smiled. This might simply be peer pressure at work, with memb
40、ers feeling obliged to flash a smile to fit in with the rest of the group, but Christakis and Fowler are investigating whether there isnt a more infectious phenomenon at work. MIf you still arent convinced that your negative ways can ever be changed, consider this: only about 25% of a persons optimi
41、sm cannot be changed in his genes, according to some studies. Thats in contrast to the 40% to 60% heritability(遗传可能性 )of most other personality traits, like agreeableness and conscientiousness. Science suggests that the greater part of an optimistic outlook can be acquired with the right instruction
42、 a theory borne out in a study of college freshmen by Seligman. Pessimistic students who took a 12-week optimism-training course devised by Seligman which included exercises like writing a letter of gratitude then reading it aloud to someone were less likely to visit the student health center for il
43、lnesses during the next four years than their similarly pessimistic peers who werent tutored in positive thinking. And a larger study of more than 3,000 middle-school students who are being taught recovery techniques is under way in England. “Its the largest-scale validation(确认 )that optimism can be
44、 taught,“ says Seligman, who developed the techniques used in the study. NThe thing about being optimistic, though, is that it takes hard work and thats a drag. Its an active process, say psychologists, through which you force yourself to see your life a certain way. Indeed, the leading optimism and
45、 happiness experts consider themselves born pessimists. But if they have learned over time and with lots of practice to become more hopeful, take heart. So can you. 37 If a loved one just died, it is very natural that you feel sad. 38 Healthy optimism means knowing and accepting the reality. 39 Men
46、who viewed death as a relief could better rebound from the grief. 40 The study that has a sample of 3,000 students proves further that optimism can be taught. 41 An author believes that permission, reconstruction and perspective are optimalist exercises. 42 The latest studies found that pessimistic
47、outlook may increase the risk of suffering mental diseases. 43 People who cope with failure well can perform better in keeping themselves from being anxious. 44 A person can be a leading optimism expert through learning and practice even though he is a born pessimist. 45 Instead of correcting wrongs
48、 only, psychologists need to help patients become mentally healthy through some skills. 46 In social network, people who have smiling pictures in profile are likely to have smiling friends perhaps simply due to peer pressure. Section C 46 To best protect threatened plants, inefficient national parks
49、 should be sold off and the proceeds used to buy more cost-effective ones. So says Richard Fuller at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia, who reckons that replacing 1 per cent of Australias protected areas could significantly increase the number of vegetation types being protected. Worldwide, there are 100,000 regions dedicated to bio-diversity maintenance, covering 12 per cent of countries land and territorial waters. “Historic
