1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 41及答案与解析 Section C 0 So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless h
2、ours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.“ Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and
3、 the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: It can be seen and observed. Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the word of printed language. Almost all
4、 of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(追求 )for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all tea
5、ching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.“ When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and fee
6、ling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading. 1 The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that_. （ A） it is one
7、 of the most difficult school courses （ B） students spend endless hours in reading （ C） reading tasks are assigned with little guidance （ D） too much time is spent on teaching about reading 2 The teaching of reading will be successful if_. （ A） teachers can improve conditions at school for the stude
8、nts （ B） teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading （ C） teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading （ D） teachers can make their teaching activities observable 3 The word “scrutiny“(Line 3, Para. 3)most probably means “_“. （ A） inquiry （ B） observation （ C） contr
9、ol （ D） suspicion 4 According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when_. （ A） children become highly motivated （ B） teacher and learner roles are interchange able （ C） teaching helps children in the search for knowledge （ D） reading enriches children s experience 5 Th
10、e main idea of the passage is that_. （ A） teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read （ B） teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible （ C） reading ability is something acquired rather than taught （ D） reading is more complicated than generally bel
11、ieved 5 Thoreau said education often made straight-cut ditches out of twisting small streams. But not at the EcoDorm, which houses 36 undergraduates and is the spiritual heart of Warren Wilson College, a liberal-arts school of fewer than 1,000 students in Swannanoa, N.C. In recent years, colleges li
12、ke Warren Wilson took a leading role in the sustainability movement, which seeks to develop a durable human relationship with the environment. More than 600 U.S. colleges and universities have signed up for a pledge to become carbon neutral. Ninety dorms are now LEED certified, the most widely accep
13、ted national standard for green design. The EcoDorm is one of only two student residences that have LEED s highest rating. Two Warren Wilson students first proposed the dorm a decade ago. Undergraduates on the planning committee initially suggested that it be built with corncobs or straw. The design
14、, by Asheville-based Samsel Architects, required compromises as well as a number of creative solutions. The wood used for building the walls was harvested from campus trees that were suffering from a certain disease. The kitchen cabinets were made from recycled fence posts. Rainwater is collected in
15、to a disused railway tanker car and pumped back into the house to clean the low-flow toilets. Two toilets, which convert decaying organic matter to fertilizer, are also available on the second floor; students shovel in wood chips after they use them. The EcoDorm consumes nearly two-thirds less elect
16、ricity than would a conventional building of the same size. Margo Flood, the executive director of Warren Wilsons Environmental Leadership Center, says those who apply to live there “see an integration between their actions and their values.“ They pledge not to use hair dryers. Their music does not
17、have its sound made louder electronically. The residents plant and harvest scores of fruits and vegetables in their garden. The EcoDorms residents speak of the comfort of finding a home where their values are shared. “I didnt have to worry about paper towels being wasted or feeling bad about drying
18、my clothes outside,“ Jeremy Lekich, a senior who oversees the dorms garden, says. “Basically, it has made my life easier.“ 6 What is the aim of the sustainability movement? （ A） To persuade university to become carbon neutral. （ B） To develop durable dorms for undergraduates. （ C） To boost harmoniou
19、s human-environment relationship. （ D） To play a leading role in protecting environment. 7 What do we learn about Warren Wilson College? （ A） It has ninety LEED certified student residences. （ B） It has one of the most sustainable dorms. （ C） It established the first green student residences. （ D） I
20、t can provide dorms for only a few students. 8 The design by Asheville-based Samsel Architects required compromises in_. （ A） the electricity provided for the dorm （ B） the means of collecting rainwater （ C） the appearance design of the building （ D） the building materials of the dorm 9 What do the
21、EcoDorm s residents have in common? （ A） Their desire for comfort. （ B） Their belief in the importance of actions. （ C） Their values on the environment. （ D） Their ways of fulfilling their ideals. 10 What is allowed to do in the EcoDorm? （ A） Use hair dryers. （ B） Dry clothes outdoors. （ C） Play mus
22、ic loudly with electronic equipment. （ D） Use electricity in the day time. 10 College-bound American high school students usually have some combination of parents, teachers, guidance counselors, or peers to support them in the tough process of applying to and beginning college. Unfortunately, adults
23、 who want to go to college particularly adults who have been out of school for a long time generally have no such support system. “Adults have a much harder time starting out in college because, unlike regular students, they have adult obligations raising children and working full time that often co
24、nflict with the demands of school,“ says Deepa Rao, a World Education expert. “Also, adults who have been out of school for a long time may not be academically prepared for college level work. Some have little exposure to technologies like email and Internet research, which are an increasing part of
25、 college communication and courses. They may be unaware of available resources, such as financial aid, tutoring centers or mentoring programs, and may be unfamiliar with terms such as bursar and prerequisite. And if you dont know where to begin or what to do once you do get there, it s easy to get o
26、verwhelmed and simply give up.“ The challenges that working adults face when going to college inspired Deepa to develop a web page and website as part of World Educations National College Transition Network(NCTN), an online forum for technical assistance, news, and helpful resources for educators, p
27、olicy makers, and others interested in adult learning. The new website is a counterpart(对应物 )to the NCTN, set up to guide adults who are considering college through the process of applying to and succeeding in school. The website is arranged like a college campus, with “buildings“ representing the s
28、ort of departments and classrooms housed on a college campus. Each building contains “classes“ that describe the admissions process, where to look for grants and scholarships, and lists resources, where an out-of-practice student can review reading, writing, and math. There are also lists of advice
29、and resources to help students with their college life. Another helpful aspect of this interactive, multimedia site is its audio capacity: all texts can be read to the visitor. This particular feature is especially helpful for people with visual problems or learning-disabilities. The cycle of learni
30、ng runs from cradle to grave, and World Education works to break down barriers to education for people of all ages, all over the world. 11 According to the passage, working adults find it difficult to start their college education because_. （ A） they are too busy and academically unprepared （ B） the
31、y have been out of school for quite a long time （ C） tutoring resources in college are unavailable to them （ D） they do not have enough money for further education 12 The comparison between adult students and regular students shows that_. （ A） the latter are less prepared than the former （ B） the la
32、tter have more problems than the former （ C） the former have more problems than the latter （ D） the former are no less prepared than the latter 13 The purpose of the website is to_. （ A） help adult students edit web pages （ B） provide adult students with guidance （ C） solve financial problems of adu
33、lt students （ D） enable students to repair computers by themselves 14 The newly created website provides programs_ （ A） for regular college students only （ B） for students interested in websites （ C） for students including the disabled （ D） for educators interested in adult learning 15 The last para
34、graph shows that learning_. （ A） involves difficulties （ B） starts at ones birthplace （ C） requires repeated efforts （ D） is a lifelong process 15 Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will, and skill, to address these ordinary conflicts.
35、“We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,“ says a teacher. “So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids dont know how to negotiate a problem.“ And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent seething(不满 )that can boil ove
36、r into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional outbursts occur about once a week, the universitys director of housing and residence education says. “It used to be: Lets sit down and talk about it,“ he says, “Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have intensified. The st
37、udents dont have the person-to-person discussions and they dont know how to handle them.“ The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal
38、with conflicts after college. Administrators speculate that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text? Facebook creates even more friction as complaints go public. “Thin
39、gs are posted on someone s wall on Facebook: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,“ says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. “Its a different way to express their conflict to each other.“ In recent focus groups at
40、North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor. Administrators point to parents who have fixed their childrens problems their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents
41、continue to intervene on campus. 16 What does the word “address“(Line 2, Para. 1)mean? （ A） To speak to. （ B） To deal with. （ C） To make a formal speech. （ D） To mark with a destination. 17 What is the main reason of roommate conflicts? （ A） Students text each other in the same room. （ B） Students a
42、re always mad at each other. （ C） Director of housing is responsible for that. （ D） Students are not good at negotiating. 18 According to the passage, we can conclude that cell phones and the Internet_. （ A） make our life more convenient （ B） make it easier to have person-to-person communications （
43、C） make it easier to take frustration out （ D） enable students to avoid uncomfortable meetings 19 What should parents do according to the passage? （ A） They should intervene in their children s life on campus. （ B） They should cultivate the independence of their children. （ C） They should deal with
44、their children s problems their whole lives. （ D） They should teach their children how to deal with the smallest conflicts. 20 The best title for the passage is_. （ A） Student s Life in College （ B） Students Failure to Communicate （ C） Parent s Intervention in Their Children s Life （ D） Teachers Con
45、cern about Students 大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 41答案与解析 Section C 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。短文第一段最后一句指出 reading cannot be taught directly andschools should stop trying to do the impossible即阅读能力是没法直接教出来的，学校应停止做这些不可能的事。由此可知学校花费了很多时间去教学生如何阅读。故选项 D正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。短文第二段指出 The functio
46、n of teaching is to create the conditionsand the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient systemfor teaching themselves to read即教学的目的是创造条件和氛围，从而让孩子们找到最有效的方法自己阅读。故选项 B正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 词汇题。联系上下文。分析句子意思可知 scrutiny的意思应该是监视。阅读学习是很私人化的，是一种心智活动，不需要受到公众的监
47、视。故选项B正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 判断题。 文章最后一句指出 Learning to read is made easier when teacherscreate an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem oflearning to read by reading即如果教师营造一种学习环境让学生有机会通过阅读来解决学习阅读过程中碰到的问题，这样学习阅读就变得简单多了。即学生需要被这种学习环境激发，故选项 A正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅
48、读 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 主旨题。通读全文可知作者主要是在讲述学习阅读。阅读能力是没法教出来的，需要学生自己习得。故选项 C正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第二段第一句指出 the sustainability movement ，which seeksto develop a durable human relationship with the environment，即可持续发展运动旨在寻 求在人和环境之间建立一种可持续关系。故选 C。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推断题
49、。根据短文第二段中 Warren Wilson took a leading role in thesustainability movement及 The EcoDormLEEDs highest rating 可知选项 B正确。根据 Ninety dorms are now LEED certified可知选项 A错误；选项 C、 D文中没有提及。故选 B。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推断题。由题干可定位至短文第三段 Undergraduatessuggested that it bebuilt with corncobs or straw即学生起初建议用玉米芯或稻草建造宿舍；接着又指出 compromisesThe wood used for building the walls was harvested from campus trees 即折中方案是用校园内染病的树木来建造宿舍的墙。由此可知最终的方案使用了与大学生起初建议不同的建筑 材料。故选 D。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】
