1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 239及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter to the Manager of a Supermarket. Dm should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. Pay attention to the form of the letter. 1. 你以顾客的身份给一定超市的经理写一封投诉信。投诉信应包括
2、以下要点： 投诉原因 2. 你的要求 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the informati
3、on given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Oases in Space Earlier space stations The International Space Station (ISS) is the most complicated international scientific pro
4、ject ever undertaken. First proposed in 1984, it involved the effort of sixteen nations: the United States, Canada, Japan, Russia, eleven nations of the European Space Agency, and Brazil. The first component of the ISS, Zahra (“sunshine“ in Russian), was launched into orbit in 1998. A few weeks late
5、r, the crew of a U.S. space shuttle brought the second piece, Unity, and connected the two. The launch of the third major component, the Russian Avezda (“star“), was postponed by financial problems until July 2000, and the stations first crew arrived in November. Eventually, the ISS will contain mor
6、e than 100 parts and will require forty-four spaceflights to deliver them. A total of 160 spacewalks will be needed to assemble the components. The ISS was originally scheduled to be completed in 2006, although unexpected events such as the Columbia space shuttle tragedy of 2003 may delay the date.
7、When work is finished, the station will house a full-time crew of seven astronauts and scientists and contain six scientific laboratories. With an anticipated lifetime of 10 years after completion, the ISS is not only the most complicated scientific project ever undertaken but also, at a projected c
8、ost of $ 35 billion, one of the most expensive. The ISS is not the first space station That distinction belongs to the Soviet Unions Salyut 1. Salyut 1 was sent into orbit in 1971 but suffered setbacks. The first crew to arrive was unable to get in: There was something wrong with the hatch(舱口 )! The
9、 second crew, equipped with special tools, got in and spent 24 days there. However, on the way back to Earth, a tragedy occurred. A valve(气阀 )had opened by mistake and let all the air out of the capsule, and the three cosmonauts, who were not wearing space suits, died during the descent. In all, the
10、re were six successful Salyut stations. The first - and only American space station, Skylab, was launched in 1973. To save money, the Americans used the third stage of a Saturn V booster rocket left over from the Apollo moon missions, and so Skylab was much roomier than the Soviet stations. Three cr
11、ews spent time on Skylab, but the station had to be abandoned in 1975 because there was simply no way to get to it. The United States had used up its Apollo rockets and the first space shuttle wouldnt be launched until 1981. Eventually, Skylabs orbit decayed, and the station fell to Earth in 1979. A
12、t the time, some people feared that the debris(碎片 )might land in an inhabited area, and a few people even built “Skylab shelters. However, there was no reason to panic; Skylab burned up harmlessly over Australia. In 1986, the Soviet Union launched another station, Mir (“peace“). Although damaged by
13、an on-board fire and a collision with a supply rocket, Mir stayed in orbit for 15 years, and both U.S. and Russian crewmen, who would later serve on the ISS, trained on Mir. New designs for space stations The ISS and earlier space stations are a far cry from the space stations described by science f
14、iction writers and dreamers, and even by scientists earlier in the century. After World War , many German rocket scientists who had worked on weapons programs immigrated to the United States and the Soviet Union. Werner yon Braun, the most famous of these scientists, played a vital role in the early
15、 days of the U.S. space program. It was Von Braun who decided that a large space station was essential to the exploration of space, a first step that would provide a stopping place on the way to the moon and the planets. In the March 1952 edition of Colliers Magazine, Von Braun contributed an articl
16、e about the proposed station and introduced the idea of a wheel-shaped design. Illustrated by the artist Charles Bonestell, this issue popularized the “spinning wheel“ or “donut in the sky“ design for space ships, which soon became the publics idea of what a space station should look like. Arthur C.
17、 Clarkes collection of stories Islands in the Sky (1952) and Murray Leinsters novel Platform in Space (1953) were set on fictional space stations of this kind. Wheel-shaped stations were also featured in science fiction movies. There is a memorable scene in Stanley Kubricks film 2001: A Space Odysse
18、y (1969) in which a shuttle rocket gracefully docks with a space station to the accompaniment of The Blue Danube Waltz. The popular television series Deep Space 9 and Babylon 5 both featured wheel-shaped space stations. NASA began focusing attention on space station design in the mid-1970s. In 1975,
19、 a series of studies conducted at Stanford University proposed that clusters of massive space stations, each capable of housing large populations, be constructed at the Lagrange points. These are the five points in space where the moons gravity and the Earths gravity are counterbalanced. A space sta
20、tion placed at a Lagrange point is not pulled toward the Earth or the Moon: Unlike the International Space Station, a Lagrange station does not require boosting by rocket engines to stay in orbit. These huge stations were to be built to last for hundreds of years. According to the studies, the mater
21、ials needed to build the station could be mined from the moon. Gigantic magnetic catapults on the moon could then hurl the millions of components out to the Lagrange points. To pay for the stations construction and upkeep, solar panels could collect energy from the sun and, for a price, send it by t
22、ight-beam microwaves back to Earth. The stations would contain residential, industrial, and agricultural zones. The inhabitants of the colonies would include not just engineers and astronauts but also farmers, factory workers, teachers, merchants, doctors, artists, and people of every occupation. A
23、scientist named Gerald ONeill wrote a popular book called High Frontier in 1975 to promote Lagrange stations, and an international group, the L-5 Society, named after one of the Lagrange points, was formed to encourage governments to build Lagrange stations. Several types of Lagrange stations were d
24、esigned by the United Stations. Island 3, also known as the Sunflower Design or the ONeill Cylinder, was the most ambitious design. It consisted of a huge cylindrical structure 36 kilometers long and 6.3 kilometers in diameter. The interior surface of the cylinder could be landscaped with features s
25、uch as lakes, waterfalls, forests, and mountains. It could house up to a million inhabitants who would live in towns and villages set in a parklike environment. The cylinder would spin on its axis, creating “gravity,“ and it would be so large that it would generate its own weather. Inhabitants and t
26、ourists could enjoy such unique recreational opportunities as zero-gravity “flying“ at the center of the cylinder. A bright future for space stations? Within a decade, government enthusiasm for the Lagrange stations vanished. NASA no longer had enough money to undertake projects so ambitious. As the
27、 energy crises of the 1970s cased, the prime reason for building such stations to provide a cheap, dependable supply of energy from space no longer seemed so urgent. Space engineers began to focus their attention on more modest projects, such as the ISS. But interest in immense space stations has ne
28、ver completely died. As their continued appearance in science fiction movies shows, these “oases in space“ still seem to have a firm grip On peoples imagination. 2 The first three ISS components were launched in the order of Zahra- Zvezda-Unity. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The first piece of the Interna
29、tional Space Station was launched by the United States. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Skylab was the only space station that the United States launched by itself. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 It was Werner Von Braun who first introduced the idea of building a space Station for exploration. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） N
30、G 6 The March 1952 edition of Colliers Magazine featured a space station shaped like a wheel on its cover. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 A space station at a Lagrange point needs powerful rockets to keep it in orbit. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 In Island 3 Lagrange stations people could “fly“ through their ce
31、nters where there was no gravity. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 A space station placed at a Lagrange point is not pulled toward the Earth or the Moon because _. 10 The chief reason for building space stations was to _. 11 According to the last two sentences, there are still _ among the public; Section A D
32、irections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the
33、pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The man thinks travelling by air is quite safe. （ B） Both speakers feel nervous when flying. （ C） The woman never travels by plane. （ D） The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life. （ A） In
34、 an office. （ B） In a restaurant. （ C） At a railway station. （ D） At the information desk. （ A） Fix the shelf. （ B） Paint the shelf. （ C） Write the letter. （ D） look for the pen. （ A） It gives a 30% discount to all customers. （ B） It is run by Mrs. Winters husband. （ C） It hires Mrs. Winter as an ad
35、viser. （ D） It encourages husbands to shop on their own. （ A） Long exposure to the sun. （ B） Lack of sleep. （ C） Too tight a hat. （ D） Long working hours. （ A） His English is still poor after ten years in America. （ B） He doesnt mind speaking English with an accent. （ C） He doesnt like the way Ameri
36、cans speak. （ D） He speaks English as if he were a native speaker. （ A） An auto mechanic. （ B） An electrician. （ C） A carpenter. （ D） A telephone repairman. （ A） They both enjoyed watching the game. （ B） The man thought the results were beyond their expectations. （ C） They both felt good about the r
37、esults of the game. （ D） People were surprised at their winning the game. （ A） Convince the man to take a rock-climbing course with her. （ B） Find a place to go rock-climbing. （ C） Find out if a rock-climbing course will be offered. （ D） Plan a rock-climbing trip over spring break. （ A） There is no
38、one to teach them how to do it. （ B） Not very many students are interested in it. （ C） The college doesnt have any rock-climbing equipment. （ D） There are no appropriate places for rock-climbing nearby. （ A） Selecting the necessary equipment. （ B） Finding a climbing partner. （ C） Increasing upper-bo
39、dy strength. （ D） Discussing popular climbing sites. （ A） Scientists. （ B） Greeks. （ C） Teachers. （ D） Scholars. （ A） They could not think. （ B） They had no pollution. （ C） They could not dive deep. （ D） They had small boats. （ A） The water turns gray. （ B） It grows again. （ C） Life on earth improve
40、s. （ D） Life on earth dies. （ A） The rules in English language. （ B） Learning English and mathematics. （ C） The approach to learning English. （ D） Playing Soccer needs a lot of exercise. （ A） To pass the exam. （ B） To obtain masters degree at the university. （ C） To join the soccer team. （ D） To pre
41、pare himself for study at the university. （ A） Rules of playing soccer are confusing. （ B） The man neednt learn the rules of English. （ C） Languages can not be learned very well in classes. （ D） Rules are important for adults in learning languages. （ A） The woman is an English teacher. （ B） The man
42、used to be a good soccer player. （ C） The woman has mastered English quite well. （ D） The man will realize the importance of practice in learning a language. （ A） Because they like the taste of tar. （ B） Because smoking makes them feel relaxed. （ C） Because smoking to them means fan. （ D） Because sm
43、oking is the easiest thing to get addicted to. （ A） Cigarette ashes. （ B） Nicotine. （ C） Tar. （ D） Not mentioned. （ A） They are trying to persuade people to buy cigarettes with less tar. （ B） They are trying to persuade people to smoke only a few cigarettes a day. （ C） They are trying to persuade pe
44、ople to smoke only during a break, （ D） They are trying to persuade people to give up smoking entirely. （ A） Because they are less harmful. （ B） Because they cost less. （ C） Because they taste better. （ D） Because they last longer. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passage
45、s. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Because he was a great inventor. （ B） Because he knew a lot about tech
46、niques. （ C） Because he talked about the product itself simply. （ D） Because he emphasized the advantages of using a new product. （ A） It sells record players. （ B） It sells dogs. （ C） It teaches a dog to listen to a record. （ D） It is a victorious company. （ A） Developments of American ads. （ B） Sl
47、ogans and trademarks in ads. （ C） Benjamin Franklins advertising technique. （ D） Wonders for sales. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for
48、the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 3
49、6 George Daniels lives in London. He is a watchmaker. His work continues the 【 B1】_ of the English watchmakers of the 18th and 19th 【 B2】 _ . Today that practice is almost dead. Daniels is the only man in the world who 【 B3】 _ his own watches, makes all the parts himself, and then puts them together. A Daniels watch is the 【 B4】 _ of his hands alone. One of his watches, which is now in an American 【 B5】 _ , took 3,500 hours to 【 B6】 _ . He usually makes one watch a year. Each
