1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 935及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 你的作文应包含如下要点： (1)在社交生活中人人都渴望被人喜欢。 (2)要想叫人喜欢，你必须具备什么素质 ? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to th
2、e passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Architecture Architecture, the practic
3、e of building design and its resulting products; customary usage refers only to those designs and structures that are culturally significant. Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. One would say today that architecture must satisfy its intended uses, must be technically so
4、und, and must convey aesthetic meaning. But the best buildings are often so well constructed that they go beyond their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures, achievements in architecture that testify to the nature of the society th
5、at produced them. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art. Architectural form is inevitably influenced by the technologies applied, but building technology is conservative and knowledge about it is cumulative (积累的 ). Precast (预制的 ) concrete, for inst
6、ance, has not made brick out of date. Although design and construction have become highly sophisticated and are often computer directed, this complex apparatus (器械 ) rests on preindustrial traditions inherited from thousands of years during which most structures were lived in by the people who erect
7、ed them. The technical demands on building remain the elemental ones-to exclude enemies, and to avoid discomforts caused by an excess of heat or cold or by the intrusion of rain, wind, or pests. This is no trivial assignment even with the best modem technology. The availability of suitable materials
8、 fostered the crafts to exploit them and influenced the shapes of buildings. Large areas of the world were once forested, and their inhabitants developed carpentry (木工工作 ). Although it has become relatively scarce, timber remains an important building material. Many kinds of stone lend themselves to
9、 building. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are fireproof and can be expected to endure. Stone is also a sculptural material; stone architecture was often integral with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials are m
10、ore adaptive to industrial use and assembly. Some regions lack both timber and stone; their peoples used the earth itself, stuffing certain mixtures into walls or forming them into bricks to be dried in the sun. Later they baked those substances in kilns, producing a range of bricks and files with g
11、reater durability. Thus, early cultures used substances occurring in their environment and invented the tools, skills, and technologies to exploit a variety of materials, creating a legacy that continues to inform more industrialized methods. Building with stones or bricks is called masonry (石建筑或砖建筑
12、 ). The elements join together through sheer gravity or the use of bonding materials, first composed of lime and sand. The Romans found natural cement that, combined with inert substances, and produced concrete. They usually faced this with materials that would give a better finish. In the early 19t
13、h century truly waterproof cement was developed, the key ingredient of modem concrete. In the 19th century also, steel suddenly became abundant; rolling mills turned out shapes that could make structural frames stronger than the traditional wooden frames. Moreover, steel rods could be positioned in
14、wet concrete so as to greatly improve the flexibility of that material, giving impetus early in the 20th century to new forms facilitated by reinforced concrete construction. The subsequent large quantity of aluminum provided cladding (surfacing) material that was lightweight and virtually maintenan
15、ce free. In recent decades, elaborate systems for vertical transportation, the control of temperature and humidity, forced ventilation, artificial lighting, sanitation, control of fire, and the distribution of electricity and other services have been developed. This has added to the cost of construc
16、tion and has increased expectations of comfort and convenience. In modem architectural region the word program denotes the purposes for which buildings are constructed. Certain broad purposes have always been realized. The noblest works temples, churches, mosques celebrate the mysteries of religion
17、and provide assembly places where gods can be propitiated (安抚 ) or where the multitudes can be instructed in interpretations of belief and can participate in symbolic rituals. Another important purpose has been to provide physical security: Many of the worlds most permanent structures were built wit
18、h defense in mind. Related to defense is the desire to create buildings that serve as status symbols. Kings and emperors insisted on palaces proclaiming power and wealth, people of privilege have always been the best clients of designers, artists, and artisans, and in their projects the best work of
19、 a given period is often represented. Today large corporations, governments, and universities play the role of patron in a less personal way. A proliferation (繁殖 ) of building types reflects the complexity of modem life. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they
20、 spend their incomes in large shopping centers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when sick go to specialized hospitals and clinics. They linger in airports on the way to distant hotels and resorts. Each class of facility has accumulated experiences that contribute to the e
21、xpertise needed by its designers. The attention of clients, architects, and users is more and more focused on the overall qualities of buildings, Parts of cities are considered mare significant than individual structures. As the total building stock gnaws, conserving buildings and adapting them for
22、changes in use becomes more important. 2 Architecture could present both the social style and cultural characteristic. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Traditional technologies and materials have been replaced by advanced apparatus and substances of modern society. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 We can use timber a
23、s the most crucial material to promote design and crafts. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Stone and marble are often used in sculpture and monument. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 People in ancient times werent able to make diverse materials, but they could use every subject occurring in the nature. （ A） Y （ B） N
24、（ C） NG 7 The Romans first found truly waterproof cement in the early 19th century. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The reinforced concrete construction with aluminum surface enhanced structural design and reduced its costs. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Kings and emperors constructed palaces in order to show _.
25、10 Various architecture designs of buildings are the evidence, which can reflect _. 11 Clients, architects, and users pay more attention to _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions w
26、ill be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Her English names. （ B） A custom that is new
27、 to her. （ C） Calling up customers. （ D） Some of her good friends. （ A） They want to catch a grey dog. （ B） They were late for bus by ten minutes. （ C） They got up late by ten minutes. （ D） The mans watch slowed down. （ A） She cant remember the authors name. （ B） The novel wasnt so difficult to read
28、. （ C） There were many interesting characters. （ D） She read it a long time ago. （ A） Catch a cold. （ B） Hurry to get the train. （ C） Sit. （ D） Fix his torn sleeve. （ A） Excellent. （ B） Not bad. （ C） Not good. （ D） Average. （ A） He believes what the announcer says. （ B） He thinks that the announcer
29、is very good at her work. （ C） He does not have a good opinion of the announcer. （ D） He thinks that they should do what the announcer says. （ A） The woman is helpful. （ B） The woman is thankful. （ C） The woman is offended. （ D） The woman is pleased. （ A） To take another wine instead. （ B） To take t
30、his wine away. （ C） To taste the wine. （ D） To add some other flavors to the wine. （ A） One. （ B） Two. （ C） Three. （ D） Four. （ A） A presentation theyre going to do. （ B） Visiting a good friend of theirs. （ C） A TV program the man is watching. （ D） Studying for a coming test. （ A） Hes taking a rest
31、from studying. （ B） He has already done with studying. （ C） He was asked to watch TV by his professor. （ D） Hes searching for some information. （ A） He didnt know that she also took linear algebra course. （ B） He thought she wanted to study alone. （ C） He thought she wanted to study with Elizabeth.
32、（ D） He had told her that he had done poorly on a recent test. （ A） He and Elizabeth had a fight recently. （ B） He heard Elizabeth also messed up on the last test. （ C） He doesnt want to bother Elizabeth so late in the evening. （ D） He prefers to study in his own dormitory. Section B Directions: In
33、this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） California. （ B） Southern A
34、laska. （ C） The arctic. （ D） Europe. （ A） 5,400,000 years. （ B） 65,000,000 years. （ C） 8,400,000 years. （ D） 75,000,000 years. （ A） Tourists. （ B） Birds. （ C） Winds. （ D） Some animals. （ A） Because all the buildings in the city look alike. （ B） Because there are no signs to direct them. （ C） Because
35、 no tour guides are available. （ D） Because the university is everywhere in the city. （ A） They award their own degrees. （ B） They select their own students. （ C） They set their own exams. （ D） They organize their own laboratory work. （ A） They were not treated equally until 1881. （ B） They were not
36、 awarded degrees until 1948. （ C） They have no exams until 1948. （ D） Very few of them are engaged in research. （ A） He could be fired. （ B） He could be put to death. （ C） He could be put in jail. （ D） He could be driven out of his village. （ A） Far away from the Queen. （ B） In front of the King. （
37、C） In front of the important officer. （ D） In the middle of the table. （ A） Along a railway. （ B） Along a big river. （ C） Around the palace. （ D） Along an important road. （ A） Salt. （ B） A horse. （ C） Rice. （ D） Ten sheep. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. W
38、hen the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fi
39、ll in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 34 The idea of television, transmitting pictures through the air or over wires, has been around since the late 19th【 B1】 _. But it wasnt until 1925, when J. L. Baird, a Scottish【
40、 B2】 _. became the first to electrically transmit moving pictures, that television became a【 B3】 _. Bairds first television was a mechanical system consisting of several moving parts. It had a small【 B4】 _ onto which pictures were transmitted 10 times per second at 30 lines of resolution (分辨率 ). Wit
41、h the help of a photoelectric cell (光电管 ), bright and dim light were【 B5】 _ into an electrical signal and sent via radio waves. In June 1925, Baird transmitted the【 B6】 _ of a human face, winking and smiling from one room of the laboratory to another, without the aid of【 B7】 _ or wires. Television t
42、ruly came into its own in the 1930s with the advent of the cathode-ray tube (阴极射线管 ), which allowed for electronic line-by-line scanning of【 B8】 _. With the help of the Radio Corporation of America and an improved cathode-ray tube, the first all-electronic TV was demonstrated in 1932.【 B9】 _. As tel
43、evisions evolution continues, high-definition (分辨率 ) digital TV is supposed to replace todays 625-1ine sets with 1,050 or more lines of resolution.【 B10】 _. This trend has developed very fast.【 B11】 _. 35 【 B1】 36 【 B2】 37 【 B3】 38 【 B4】 39 【 B5】 40 【 B6】 41 【 B7】 42 【 B8】 43 【 B9】 44 【 B10】 45 【 B1
44、1】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by
45、a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 45 We always convince ourselves that life will be better after we get married, have a baby, than another. Then we are frustrated that the k
46、ids arent old enough and well be more【 S1】 _when they are. After that were frustrated that we have teenagers to deal with. We will【 S2】 _be happy when they are out of that stage. We always tell ourselves that our life will be【 S3】 _when our spouse gets his or her act together. When we get a nice car
47、, and are able to go on a nice vocation when we【 S4】 _. The truth is that theres no better time than right now. If not now, when? Our life will always be filled with【 S5】 _.Its best to admit this to ourselves and decide to be happy anyway. One of my favorite【 S6】 _comes from Alfred Souza. He said: “
48、for a long time it had seemed to me that life was about to begin-real life. But there was always some【 S7】 _in the way, something to be gotten through first, some unfinished business, time still to be served, a debt to be paid. Then life would begin. At last it dawned on me that these obstacles were
49、 my life.“ This【 S8】 _has helped me to see that there is no way to happiness. Happiness is the way. So【 S9】 _every moment that you have. And remember that time waits for no one. So stop waiting until you finish school, until you go back to school; until you get married, until you get divorced; until you have kids; until you retire; until you get a new car or home; until spring; until you are born again to decide t
