1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 161及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 Write an essay commenting on the remark “Energy crisis is approaching and is threatening mankinds survival.“ You can state your view on this remark and then explain what we can do to tackle the problem of energy crisis. You should write at l
2、east 120 words but no more than 180 words. Section A （ A） Reducing the debt burden. （ B） Ending trade regulations which put the continents economy at a disadvantage. （ C） Giving more aid. （ D） Paying back consultancy fees for aid officials. （ A） The idea of real aid. （ B） The aid is not enough. （ C）
3、 Debt is too heavy. （ D） The misuse of the term “aid“. （ A） The agreement will come into effect in two and a half years. （ B） The agreement will be withdrawn in two and a half years after implementation. （ C） The agreement will be ended after the first stage. （ D） The agreement will be fully carried
4、 out after the first phase. （ A） Agricultural products. （ B） Fisheries products. （ C） Dairy products. （ D） All of the above. （ A） 23 years. （ B） 22 years. （ C） 21 years. （ D） 20 years. （ A） A general pardon to political prisoners. （ B） The removal of any officials from old ruling party. （ C） Agreeme
5、nt to recognize banned political parties. （ D） Removal of all restriction on the media. （ A） High unemployment and corruption. （ B） High food prices and corruption. （ C） High unemployment and food prices. （ D） People killed in the revolution and corruption. Section B （ A） It needs cleaning. （ B） It
6、needs regular servicing. （ C） It needs a new battery. （ D） It was ruined by water. （ A） $3.99. （ B） $5.50. （ C） $6.99. （ D） $9.50. （ A） The shop guarantees the battery for a year. （ B） The man will clean it without extra. （ C） The man can repair watches very quickly. （ D） The shop is offering a spec
7、ial discount. （ A） At 5 p.m. （ B） Tomorrow. （ C） At 5 oclock. （ D） In a few minutes. （ A） Tourism. （ B） Business studies. （ C） Information technology. （ D） English. （ A） Contrasting negotiation styles. （ B） Studying information technology. （ C） Contrasting cultures. （ D） Studying international trade
8、. （ A） Classmates. （ B） Colleagues. （ C） Teacher and student. （ D） Customers. （ A） English for Special Purpose. （ B） Electronic Stability Program. （ C） Extrasensory Perception. （ D） Electrosensitive Programming. Section C （ A） Because foxes kill farm animals. （ B） Because foxes look just like farm d
9、ogs. （ C） Because foxes are very cunning. （ D） Because foxes may harm farmers children. （ A） Shooting them. （ B） Poisoning them. （ C） Asking the local hunt to hunt for them. （ D） All of the above. （ A） Because they dont think foxes are harmful. （ B） Because they think fox hunting is cruel. （ C） Beca
10、use they think fox hunting is expensive. （ D） Because they think the number of foxes has dropped a lot. （ A） Studying yoga. （ B） Adult education. （ C） Playing tennis. （ D） The search for physical fitness. （ A） The job market. （ B） Their former schools. （ C） Good schools. （ D） The local high school o
11、r colleges. （ A） Because they want to return to the job market. （ B） Because they want to learn something new. （ C） Because they want to make up for the education they missed. （ D） Because they want to prove themselves to be useful. （ A） Because London taxi drivers all have gone through a very tough
12、 training period to get special taxi driving license. （ B） Because London taxi drivers all are very familiar with every street of London. （ C） Because all London drivers are living in the corner of the Capital. （ D） Not given. （ A） Two years. （ B） Four years. （ C） Three years. （ D） Two to four years
13、. （ A） To learn most direct route to every single road. （ B） To learn most direct route to every important building in London. （ C） To learn the most direct route to every single road and to every important building in London. （ D） To go around the city on small motorbikes practicing. （ A） Because l
14、earners have to pay for their own expenses on the tests and the medical exam. （ B） Because for some learners, the training cost is too expensive. （ C） Because the training time is too long. （ D） Because learners cannot get payment during the training period. Section A 26 “Made in China“ lost its nov
15、elty(新颖 )long ago. The label has become【 C1】_in much of the world, stick to shoes, toys, clothes and a host of other items produced for global companies. What is novelty, however, are China-made goods【 C2】_under Chinese brand names. Only a handful of Chinese firms so【 C3】_have the money and the mana
16、gement technique to establish international【 C4】_. Most of the vast companies are struggling to get even national recognition. But the pioneering companies which have started exploring overseas market might be【 C5】_as on the beginning of something big. Some【 C6】 _that individually, with the help of
17、enterprising local management or eager multinational partners wanting to add new products to their stable, Chinese brands could become a global phenomenon within a decade, marketed on quality and foreign appeal, as【 C7】 _as competitive pricing. The concept of Chinese brands has been evolving through
18、 the 1990s, but is now getting【 C8】 _attention at home. Although the domestic market is still robust, a handful of【 C9】 _enterprises, or SOEs, including listed Chinese companies, are now looking to establish international brands because they believe the quality of both their products and their manag
19、ement has【 C10】 _. Chinese joint ventures think their products can compete on quality with foreign brands anywhere, while enjoying the advantage of being perceived as exotic. A)well B)companies C)less D)far E)regarded F)that G)believe H)greater I)named J)improved K)state-owned L)widespread M)sold N)
20、brands O)looked 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from
21、 which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. TV Linked to Lower Marks A)The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets
22、 were turned on. Now three new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, retard learning and even predict college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. B)In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having
23、 a TV in a childs bedroom can have on third graders. “We looked at the household media environment in relation to academic achievement on mathematics, reading and language arts tests,“ said study author Dina L.G. Borzekowski, an assistant professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
24、 C)Borzekowski and her colleague, Dr. Thomas Robinson of Stanford University, collected data on 386 third graders and their parents about how much TV the children watched, the number of TV sets, computers and video game consoles in the household and where they were. They also collected data on how m
25、uch time the children spent using the different media, as well as the time spent doing homework and reading. The researchers found that the media in the household, where it is and how it is used can have a profound effect on learning. “We found that the household media environment has a very close a
26、ssociation with performance on the different test scores,“ Borzekowski said. D)“A child who has a TV in his or her bedroom is likely to have a score that is eight points lower on a mathematics test compared to a child who doesnt have a TV in the bedroom,“ she noted. These children also scored lower
27、on the reading and language arts tests. However, children who have access to a home computer are likely to have higher scores on each of the tests compared with children who dont have access to a home computer, Borzekowski noted. E)The reasons why TV has this negative effect are not clear, Borzekows
28、ki said. “When theres TV in the bedroom, parents are less likely to have control over the content and the amount watched,“ Borzekowski said. “They are also unable to know how early or how late the set is on. This seems to be associated with kids performance on academic tests.“ Borzekowski believes t
29、hat content and the time the TV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect. “If the TV is in the family room, then parents can see the content of what children are watching,“ she said. “Parents can choose to sit alongside and watch, or turn the set off. A simple and straightforward, po
30、sitive parenting strategy is to keep the TV out of the childs bedroom, or remove it if its already there.“ F)In the second report, Dr. Robert J. Hancox from the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, and colleagues found, regardless of your intelligence or social background, if you watch a lot
31、 of TV during childhood, you are a lot less likely to have a college degree by your mid-20s. In their study, the researchers followed 1,037 people born in 1972 and 1973. Every two years, between the ages of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. The researchers found that those
32、who watched the most television during these years had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26. “We found that the more television the child had watched, the more likely they were to leave school without any qualifications,“ Hancox said in a prepared statement. “Those who watched little televi
33、sion had the best chance of going on to university and earning a degree.“ G)Hancoxs team found that watching TV at an early age had the most effect on graduating from college. “An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing was strongly linked to leaving school without any qualifications,
34、it was earlier childhood viewing that had the greatest impact on getting a degree,“ he said. “This suggests that excessive television in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance.“ H)In the third paper, Frederick J. Zimmerman and Dr. Dimitri A. Christakis from the
35、 University of Washington report that, for very young children, watching TV can result in lower test scores in mathematics, reading recognition and reading comprehension. “We looked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5,“ Zimmerman said. “We found that for chil
36、dren who watched a small amount of TV in the earlier years, there was considerable beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of TV.“ I)For children aged 3 to 5, the effect was not as clear, Zimmerman said. “There were some beneficial effects of watching TV on reading, but no beneficia
37、l effects for math or vocabulary,“ he noted. “The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of TV before age 3. Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids.“ Parents should follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation, which is no TV for children under 2,
38、Zimmerman said. “Personally, I feel the cutoff should be children under 3, because there is just not any good content for children under 3.“ J)One expert believes that TV can have both positive and negative effects, but it all depends on what children are watching. “Content matters,“ said Deborah L.
39、 Linebarger, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who co-authored an accompanying editorial. “Educational content has been found to be related to performance on school readiness tests, higher grades when they are teenagers, whereas, non-educational content tends to be associated
40、 with lower academic performance.“ K)Another expert agrees. “TV watching takes up space that could be used by more useful things,“ said Dr. Christopher P. Lucas, a clinical coordinator at the Early Childhood Evaluation and Treatment Program at the New York University Child Study Center. “TV is not n
41、ecessarily toxic, but is something that has to be done in moderation: something that balances the other needs of the child for healthy development.“ L)Lucas puts the responsibility for how much TV kids watch and what they watch squarely on parents. “The amount of TV watching certainly has a link wit
42、h the reduced amount of time reading or doing homework,“ he said. “The key is the amount of control parents have in limiting the amount of access. Get the TV out of the bedroom: be aware of what is being watched: limit the amount of TV watching.“ 37 According to Borzekowski, children having chances
43、to use a family computer are likely to acquire better results on the different tests. 38 The reports issued in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescents Medicine find that watching too much TV leads to poor performance in school. 39 Watching more than three hours of TV before age 3 has bad effect on
44、kids. 40 According to the second report, the chance for one to acquire a college degree partly depends on the amount of his TV watching during childhood. 41 In Deborah L. Lingbargers opinion, educational content is helpful for teenagers to get better results on school readiness tests. 42 The environ
45、ment of family media greatly affects childrens test scores according to the first report. 43 Borzekowski believes that TVs negative effect on childrens marks may mainly lie in what children watch on TV and how much time they spend on it. 44 Lucas thinks parents should take the responsibility to supe
46、rvise kids TV watching. 45 According to the recommendation from American Academy of Pediatrics, children under 2 should watch no TV. 46 Hancox thinks earlier childhood TV watching affects ones acquiring a college degree most. Section C 46 Some people say the traditional calendar of 180 days no longe
47、r meets the needs of American society. They point out that students in most other industrial countries are in school more hours a day and more days a year. Critics also say a long summer vacation causes students to forget much of what they learned and schools are under pressure to raise test scores.
48、 Some schools have changed their calendars to try to improve student performance. They have lengthened the school day or added days to the year or both. This can be costly if schools need air conditioning on hot days and school employees need to be paid for the extra time. Some schools have a year-r
49、ound schedule. The school year is extended over twelve months. Instead of a long vacation, there are many short ones. Local businesses may object to a longer school year because students are unable to work as long at summer jobs. Some parts of the country had year-round programs in the nineteenth century, mostly for economic reasons. They felt it wasted money to use school buildings for only part of the year. Year-round programs can also reduce crowding in schools. In one version, students attend school for nine weeks an
