1、清华大学考博英语模拟试卷 12及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The assessment center gives each applicant the opportunity to _ whether they are suited to the work. （ A） exemplify （ B） demonstrate （ C） expose （ D） exhibit 2 Fresh fruits and vegetables are generally less expensive when they are in_. （ A） sale （
2、B） need （ C） season （ D） time 3 It is naive to expect (hat any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with_. （ A） for long （ B） in and out （ C） once for all （ D） by nature 4 Mrs. Mary wore a string of beadsaround her neck. （ A） small pieces of gold （ B） small balls of precious stone
3、s （ C） small pieces of wood （ D） small balls of glass 5 He swallows his words so much that I can never _ what he is saying. （ A） make out （ B） put up （ C） deal with （ D） take up 6 The patient is not in good condition, so do not _ your visit. （ A） lengthen （ B） delay （ C） extend （ D） prolong 7 Elizab
4、eth B. Browning, who (has remembered) for her (love) poems, (published) her (first work) at the age of twelve. （ A） has remembered （ B） love （ C） published （ D） first work 8 The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _ chemists. （ A） each （ B） some （ C） certain （ D） any 9 Although Ms. Bro
5、wn found some of her duties to be _, her supervision of forty workers was a considerable responsibility. （ A） ambiguous （ B） provisional （ C） menial （ D） unique 10 Drive straight ahead,and then you will see a_to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway. （ A） sign （ B） mark （ C） signal （ D） board 11 That soun
6、d doesnt _ in his language, so its difficult for him to pronounce it. （ A） happen （ B） occur （ C） have （ D） take place 12 Although crowded cities seem to be a _ of our crowded world, only 10 percent of the world s people live in cities as large as Madrid or larger. （ A） scene （ B） signal （ C） symbol
7、 （ D） site 13 This is not the right_to ask for my help;I am far too busy even to listen! （ A） moment （ B） situation （ C） opportunity （ D） circumstance 14 By mid-night _ workers said they had found all those injured in the boat accident. （ A） rescue （ B） salvage （ C） safety （ D） relief 15 She is very
8、 about her appearance. Half of her salary goes to clothes. （ A） particular （ B） peculiar （ C） special （ D） unusual 16 A scientific law is liable at any time to need modifying. This happens when fact is discovered which seems to _ what the law would lead one to expect. （ A） prove （ B） support （ C） co
9、ntradict （ D） discourage 17 We are writing to the manager_the repairs recently carried out at the above address. （ A） with the exception of （ B） with the purpose of （ C） with reference to （ D） with a view to 18 Rather than allowing the government to control investments, true power, should be given t
10、o the people, allowing individually owned and privately managed investment accounts _.Individual Retirement Accounts. （ A） similar for （ B） familiar to （ C） similar to （ D） famous for 19 Activist parents say school kids arent_enough to understand that a fruit-flavored soft drink doesnt have the nutr
11、itional benefits of real fruit. （ A） adulterated （ B） mingled （ C） sophisticated （ D） refined 20 From the time of the Greeks to the Great War, medicines job was simple: to struggle with _ diseases and gross disabilities, to ensure live births, and to manage pain. （ A） immortal （ B） immune （ C） letha
12、l （ D） toxic 21 Since the couple could not _ their differences, they decided to get a divorce. （ A） resign （ B） comply （ C） coincide （ D） reconcile 22 The new manager had many difficulties to overcome but he_them all in his stride. （ A） overlooked （ B） obtained （ C） tackled （ D） took 23 His use of c
13、olor, light and form quickly departed from the conventional style of his _ as he developed his own technique. （ A） descendants （ B） predecessors （ C） successors （ D） ancestors 24 The board of directors have already discussed the subject_in the previous meetings and they will handle it in all its asp
14、ects. （ A） in place （ B） at length （ C） on end （ D） off and on 25 It was my sad duty to _ the news of Johns death to his family. （ A） submit （ B） break （ C） say （ D） proclaim 26 An area of rich forests was _ to life. （ A） advantageous （ B） decorative （ C） attracted （ D） privileged 27 It turned out t
15、hat he had _ the whole story just to cheat his friends. （ A） dissipated （ B） diverged （ C） detached （ D） fabricated 28 The report_poor safety standards for the accident （ A） blames （ B） charges （ C） complains （ D） accuses 29 The hall was supported by six thick _. （ A） torches （ B） posts （ C） fringes
16、 （ D） pillars 30 At the sight of her husband getting off the train, the woman walked forward and _him and stroked his white hair. （ A） embraced （ B） clapped （ C） paddled （ D） flocked 二、 Cloze 31 【 C5】 （ A） deficit （ B） shortage （ C） scarcity （ D） shortfall 32 【 C8】 33 【 C14】 34 【 C5】 （ A） on （ B） to
17、 （ C） with （ D） at 34 Sea rise as a consequence of global warming would immediately threaten that large fraction of the globe living at sea level. Nearly one-third of all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the worlds great seaport cities would be【 C1】 _: New Orleans, Amsterdam
18、, Shanghai, and Cairo. Some countriesMaldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, islands in the Pacific would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas such as in Bangladesh and Egypt, 【 C2】 _large populations occupy low-lying areas, would suffer extreme【 C3】 _. Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurr
19、icanes and typhoons,【 C4】 _in coastal flooding, possibly swamping valuable agricultural lands around the world. 【 C5】 _water quality may result as【 C6】 _flooding which forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable, natural【 C7】_could be flooded with ocean w
20、ater, destroying forever many of the【 C8】_plant and animal species living there. Food supplies and forests would be【 C9】 _affected. Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would【 C10】 _grain-growing regions pole-wards. The warming would also increase and change th
21、e pest plants, such as weeds and the insects【 C11】 _the crops. Human health would also be affected. Warming could【 C12】 _tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever, malaria, and other diseases. Heat stress and heat mortality could rise. The harmful【 C13】 _of localized urban air pollution would v
22、ery likely be more serious in warmer 【 C14】 _. There will be some【 C15】 _from warming. New sea-lanes will open in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will【 C16】 _new agricultural lands, and warmer temperature will make some of todays colder regions more【 C17】 _. But these benefits will
23、be in individual areas. The natural systemsboth plant and animalwill be less able than man to cope and【 C18】 _. Any change of temperature, rainfall,and sea level of the magnitude now【 C19】 _will be destructive to natural systems and living things and hence to man as well. The list of possible conseq
24、uences of global warming suggests very clearly that we must do everything we can now to understand its causes and effects and to take all measures possible to prevent and adapt to potential and inevitable disruptions【 C20】_by global warming. 35 【 C1】 （ A） ascended （ B） assaulted （ C） erased （ D） end
25、angered 36 【 C2】 （ A） which （ B） where （ C） when （ D） what 37 【 C3】 （ A） dislocation （ B） discontent （ C） distribution （ D） distinction 38 【 C4】 （ A） rebuking （ B） rambling （ C） resulting （ D） rallying 39 【 C5】 （ A） Increased （ B） Reduced （ C） Expanded （ D） Saddened 40 【 C6】 （ A） inland （ B） coastal
26、 （ C） urban （ D） suburban 41 【 C7】 （ A） dry-land （ B） mountain （ C） wetlands （ D） forest 42 【 C8】 （ A） unique （ B） precious （ C） interesting （ D） exciting 43 【 C9】 （ A） geologically （ B） adversely （ C） secretively （ D） serially 44 【 C10】 （ A） shift （ B） generate （ C） grease （ D） fuse 45 【 C11】 （ A）
27、hiking （ B） hugging （ C） attacking （ D） activating 46 【 C12】 （ A） endanger （ B） accommodate （ C） adhere （ D） enlarge 47 【 C13】 （ A） profits （ B） values （ C） effects （ D） interests 48 【 C14】 （ A） conditions （ B） accommodation （ C） surroundings （ D） evolution 49 【 C15】 （ A） adjustments （ B） benefits （
28、 C） adoptions （ D） profits 50 【 C16】 （ A） alternate （ B） abuse （ C） advocate （ D） create 51 【 C17】 （ A） accidental （ B） habitable （ C） anniversary （ D） ambient 52 【 C18】 （ A） adapt （ B） alleviate （ C） agitate （ D） assert 53 【 C19】 （ A） ascertained （ B） conformed （ C） consoled （ D） anticipated 54 【 C
29、20】 （ A） tutored （ B） relayed （ C） triggered （ D） reflected 54 When Donald arrived for his first group-therapy session he was in a wheelchair, suffering from malignant melanoma and severely depressed. But after he spent six months sharing stories and good times with other cancer【 51】 and learning re
30、laxation techniques, his mood had improves considerably and【 52】 had his condition.【 53】 his attitude brightened, an important change took【 54】 inside his body: an increase in the activity of his “natural killer cells,“ a crucial link in the immune【 55】 . By years end, though he still had cancer, Do
31、nald was able to dance for his group. 【 56】 role, if any, does emotions play in【 57】 or curing illness? The question is older【 58】 western medicine, but it has been given new importance by modern sciences discovery of innovative【 59】 to measure the minds impact【 60】 the bodys health. Scientists are
32、studying whether, and to what【 61】 , disease can be affected by the use of【 62】 mind-body techniques as meditation, yoga, group therapy, guided imagery (visualizing the desired effect)【 63】 relaxation. There is little question that we can alter the course of disease【 64】 manipulating psychological f
33、actors.【 65】 to make this knowledge useful to physicians, we need to understand the mechanisms. When researchers can pin【 66】 the appropriate clinical uses for mind-body therapies, the result will be a revolution in medical【 67】 . For many patients, the【 68】 has already begun. Increasingly, people a
34、re using mind-body therapies on their own, even【 69】 seeking conventional medical treatment. Stories of seemingly miraculous recoveries may grab the publics attention but the real work is being【 70】 quietly and out of sight. In laboratories around the world, medical researchers are exploring the min
35、d-body connection, separating myth from reality, intuition from fact, belief from science. 三、 Reading Comprehension 74 Beans, peas and lentils are in the legume family and are excellent food choices. Legumes are healthy complex carbohydrates, full of vitamins and minerals as well as fiber. They are
36、a good source of protein, although they do not have all the amino acids (the building blocks of protein) that the body needs, so supplement your legumes with a variety of foods to get the complete protein your body needs. Beans have also been shown to help lower the risk of diabetes and heart diseas
37、e. Eating a cup of cooked beans a day can lower your total cholesterol by up to 10 % in 6 weeks, which decreases your risk of heart disease by 20%. The phytonutrients in beans also help lower the risk of cancer. Canned beans will give you much of the same benefits as dried beans, so if you dont like
38、 to cook your beans from scratch, canned beans are a good alternative. Some people avoid beans because of the gas and bloating that beans cause. This can be avoided in several ways. First always soak your dried beans overnight, and then discard that water and replace it with fresh water before you c
39、ook the beans. If beans still cause you problems, you might try gradually increasing the amount of beans you eat over several week, to help your body adapt. You could also try the product “Beano“ found in most stores. It works well for most people. Seeds and nuts can also be an important source of h
40、ealthy fiber, plus they are often satisfying and help control the appetite. Nuts and seeds are full of healthy unprocessed monosaturated fats as well. You might also seriously consider adding bean and seed sprouts to your diet, if you dont eat them already. The nutritional content of sprouts is many
41、 times greater than the original seed or bean it sprouted from. Sprouts have the highest concentration of nutrition per calorie than any food. They are also known for their high enzyme activity, which is never surpassed in any other stage of plant growth. Beans are almost always a good food choice,
42、but one exception to this is soybeans. Although soy is a popular “healthy“ additive to food today, originally the Chinese did not eat soybeans as they did other beans because they knew that soybeans contained harmful substances. Soybeans contain powerful enzyme inhibitors which block the action of t
43、he enzymes the body needs for protein digestion. Even cooking them does not get rid of these substances, which cause gas and bloating, as well as other very serious problems in the body, like cancer and blood clots. The only soy products that do not cause these health problems are the traditional fe
44、rmented soy products, such as tempeh, natto, miso and shoyu (tamari or soy sauce,) since the lengthy fermentation process seems to get rid of most of the harmful substances, and allow the soy to be easily digested. All other soy products should be avoided, and definitely not used as a replacement fo
45、r meat in the diet. (507 words) 75 The passage revolves around_. （ A） how to cook legumes, seeds and nuts （ B） demonstrating the differences among different beans （ C） warning people from eating soybeans （ D） the detailed information of legume, seeds and nuts 76 “From scratch“(Line 2, Para. 3) has t
46、he closest meaning to_. （ A） from beginning （ B） by cutting them into pieces （ C） without adding any spices （ D） bought fresh from the market 77 What disease that beans can prevent has NOT been mentioned in the passage? （ A） Cancer. （ B） Heart: attack. （ C） Diabetes. （ D） Measles. 78 Which of the fo
47、llowing is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） The Chinese did not use to eat soybeans. （ B） Tempeh, natto. miso and soy sauce contained harmful substances since they are fermented products. （ C） Enzyme can help protein digestion. （ D） Soybeans can cause cancer and blood clots. 79 What is NOT di
48、scussed in the passage? （ A） Legumes. （ B） Greens. （ C） Nuts. （ D） Seeds. 79 Motorola Inc., the worlds second-largest mobile phone maker, will begin selling all of the technology needed to build a basic mobile phone to outside manufacturers, in a key change of strategy. The inventor of the call phon
49、e, which has been troubled by missteps compounded by a recent industry slump in sales, is trying to become a neutral provider of mobile technology to rivals, with an eye toward fostering a much larger market than it could create itself. The Chicago area-based company, considered to have the widest range of technologies
