1、清华大学考博英语模拟试卷 14及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 How can you_and watch the country go to ruin? （ A） stand by （ B） stand for （ C） stand up （ D） stand up for 2 We realized that he was under great_ , so we took no notice of his bad temper. （ A） excitement （ B） stress （ C） crisis （ D） nervousness 3 C
2、ity officials are considering building a path to give the public_to the she. （ A） recreation （ B） excess （ C） excursion （ D） access 4 The children prefer camping in the mountains_an indoor activity. （ A） to （ B） than （ C） for （ D） with 5 Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on Decemb
3、er 25 th_the birth of Jesus Christ （ A） in favour of （ B） in honour of （ C） in terms of （ D） in accordance with 6 It is our _ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means. （ A） consistent （ B） considerate （ C） certain, （ D） decisive 7 This sort of rude behavior in public hardly_a person
4、in your position. （ A） becomes （ B） fits （ C） supports （ D） improves 8 It is _ understood by all concerned that the word no one who visits him ever breathe a syllable of in his hearing will remain forever unspoken. （ A） uncommunicatively （ B） acceptably （ C） tacitly （ D） taciturnly 9 Ever since Geof
5、frey sent a sizeable cheque to a well-known charity hes been_with requests for money from all sides. （ A） devastated （ B） smashed （ C） bombarded （ D） cracked 10 She was afraid that unless the train speeded up she would lose her _to Scotland. （ A） ticket （ B） place （ C） connection （ D） seat 11 Cosmic
6、 rays of various kinds come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are _ off. （ A） avoided （ B） excluded （ C） screened （ D） separated 12 Those nations that interfere in the internal affairs of another nation should be _condemned. （ A） commonly （ B） actual
7、ly （ C） uniquely （ D） universally 13 The newly-elected president is determined to _ the established policy of developing agriculture. （ A） go for （ B） go on （ C） go by （ D） go up 14 The Pakistan government is leaning on the Taliban government to hand over Osama to save this entire region from catast
8、rophe. （ A） unhappiness （ B） disaster （ C） depression （ D） tragedy 15 The man went to prison, but the two boys _ with a warning. （ A） took off （ B） got off （ C） kept off （ D） set off 16 Without proper lessons, you could _ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano. （ A） keep up （ B） pick up （ C） dra
9、w up （ D） catch up 17 The washing machines sold in our shop will be _ for one year. （ A） guaranteed （ B） guarded （ C） ensured （ D） assured 18 Any earthquake that takes place in any area is certainly regarded as a kind of a _ event. （ A） cholesterol （ B） charcoal （ C） catastrophic （ D） chronic 19 The
10、 doctors were worried because the patient did not recuperate as rapidly as they had expected. （ A） withdraw （ B） emerge （ C） recover （ D） uncover 20 There is a real possibility that we could finish the task ahead of schedule, _ enough time. （ A） being there （ B） there was （ C） should there be （ D） t
11、here having been 21 She has _ some brilliant scheme to double her income. （ A） come out （ B） come up with （ C） come to （ D） come about 22 Their request was _ and consequently rejected. （ A） ridiculous （ B） excessive （ C） feasible （ D） harsh 23 She is_to sprain her ankle because it is weak from 3 pre
12、vious pains. （ A） prone （ B） disposed （ C） bound （ D） destined 24 All specialists agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully _ the risks and benefits. （ A） valuing （ B） evaluating （ C） estimating （ D） weighing 25 You must try your best to _ to the new environment. （ A）
13、adopt （ B） adapt （ C） adjust （ D） affect 26 Your advice would be _ valuable to him, since he is now at his wits end. （ A） excessively （ B） exceedingly （ C） extensively （ D） exclusively 27 The evil manners would be _ root and branch due to the forceful action taken by the local government. （ A） exter
14、minated （ B） exemplified （ C） facilitated （ D） emitted 28 One of the _ of the training program is that it enables the young people to be better candidates for employment. （ A） viewpoints （ B） virtues （ C） adventures （ D） measures 29 He always included something above the understanding of his hearers
15、 in order to prevent them from becoming _and to stimulate their desire to learn more. （ A） pessimistic （ B） complacent （ C） perplexed （ D） complicated 30 The site of the battle brought back to him memories of the _ years of the World War Two （ A） demolishing （ B） fiery （ C） dazzling （ D） forgery 二、
16、Cloze 30 Predictions of large populations of robots in industry have yet to come true. For a decade or more, manufacturers of big robots have explained how their machines can make industry more competitive and productive. The market for【 C1】 _robots is now oversupplied.and the driving force of the r
17、obotics (机器人技术 ) revolution is【 C2】 _to be with makers of machines that handle a few kilos at most. “Heavy-robot manufacturers are in some difficulty【 C3】 _finding customers. They are offering big【 C4】 _just to get in the door. There has been a【 C5】_growth everywhere in the numbers of robots,so we h
18、ave to admit we are either deceiving【 C6】 _or that the market is slowly growing,“said John Reekie,Chairman of Colne Robotics. “The following things must happen【 C7】_the robotics revolution to occur. We must achieve widespread robot literacy (文化 ), 【 C8】 _there has been a computer literacy program,th
19、ere must be a robot literacy campaign. We must also【 C9】 _not just a cut in,but a collapse of robot prices. 【 C10】 _,some kind of artificial intelligence needs to be available“. 31 【 C1】 （ A） small （ B） educational （ C） big （ D） business 32 【 C2】 （ A） claimed （ B） called （ C） said （ D） told 33 【 C3】
20、 （ A） to （ B） with （ C） over （ D） in 34 【 C4】 （ A） money （ B） discounts （ C） prices （ D） costs 35 【 C5】 （ A） exciting （ B） encouraging （ C） despairing （ D） disappointing 36 【 C6】 （ A） ourselves （ B） customers （ C） companies （ D） us 37 【 C7】 （ A） to （ B） for （ C） in （ D） with 38 【 C8】 （ A） as if （ B）
21、 even though （ C） just as （ D） although 39 【 C9】 （ A） finish （ B） reach （ C） accomplish （ D） achieve 40 【 C10】 （ A） However （ B） Finally （ C） Whereas （ D） Therefore 40 When travelers lack an awareness of【 51】 time is regulated in a foreign country, they can expect to feel somewhat disoriented. Since
22、 most people【 52】 time for granted, the effects of values, customs, and social etiquette on the use of time are seldom examined. A culture that values achievement and progress will discourage people【 53】“wasting“ time. Highly efficient business people from these cultures may feel frustrated in a cou
23、ntry【 54】 work proceeds at a slow pace. In religious societies, customs specify times of the day, week, or year for prayer and religious celebrations. If an individual tries to【 55】 an appointment during a sacred holiday, he or she could unknowingly offend a religious person. Social etiquette determ
24、ines appropriate times for visits, meetings, and even phone calls. Arriving two hours late for an【 56】 may be acceptable in one culture, whereas in【 57】 , keeping someone【 58】 fifteen minutes may be considered rude. Promptness is important in American business, academic, and social settings. The【 59
25、】 of punctuality is taught to young children in school. Tardy slips and the use of bells signal to the child that punctuality and time itself are to be respected. An amusing report of a school childs experience with time【 60】 in a recent newspaper article: “【 61】 a child, my mother used to tell me【
26、62】 crucial it was to be at school【 63】 . the first bell rang. Preparation for my on-time appearance began the night before. I was directed to go to bed early so I could wake【 64】 wide-eyed at 7 a.m. with enough time to get ready. Although I usually managed to watch my share of TV cortoons, I knew t
27、hat in one hour I had to get dressed, eat breakfast,【 65】 my teeth,【 66】 my hair, and be on my way to school or I would be violating an important rule of Moms, the schools or of the worlds. It was hard to tell which.“ People who keep appointments are【 67】 dependable. If people are late to job interv
28、iews, appointments, or classes, they are often viewed【 68】 unreliable and irresponsible. In the business world, “time is money“ and companies may fine their executives for tardiness to business meetings. Of course, it is not always possible to be punctual. Social and business etiquette also provides
29、 rules for late arrivals. Calling on the telephone if one is going to be more than a few minutes late for scheduled appointments is considered polite and is often expected. Keeping a date or a friend waiting beyond ten to twenty minutes is considered rude. On the other【 69】 , arriving thirty minutes
30、【 70】to some parties is acceptable. 60 Every second,【 C1】 _hectare of the worlds rainforest is destroyed. Thats one to two football fields. This【 C2】 _rate of destruction has serious consequences【 C3】 _the environment Scientists estimate, for example, that 137【 C4】 _of plant, insect or animal become
31、【 C5】 _every day due to logging. In British Columbia,【 C6】_, since 1990, thirteen rainforest valleys have been clear cut, 142 species of salmon have already become extinct, and the 【 C7】 _of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatened. Logging, 【 C8】 _, provides jobs, profits, taxe
32、s for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so the government is【 C9】 _to restrict or control it Much of Canadas forestry production【 C10】_making pulp and paper. According to the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada【 C11】 _34% of the worlds wood pulp and 49%of its news
33、print paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be【 C12】 _. Recently, a possible【 C13】 _way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp. Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands o
34、f years. It produces fibre which can be【 C14】 _paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries【 C15】 _it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading【
35、 C16】 _would not have been possible【 C17】 _hemp. Nowadays, ships cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be【 C18】 _for the production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four-times as【 C19】 _paper can be
36、 produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the【 C20】 _scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on Canadas forests. 61 【 C1】 （ A） matching （ B） equivalent （ C） mounting （ D） reaching 62 【 C2】 （ A） great （ B） wonderful （ C） imaginary （ D） alarm
37、ing 63 【 C3】 （ A） for （ B） on （ C） at （ D） to 64 【 C4】 （ A） types （ B） categories （ C） species （ D） classes 65 【 C5】 （ A） extinct （ B） distinct （ C） dead （ D） exhausted 66 【 C6】 （ A） when （ B） who （ C） where （ D） which 67 【 C7】 （ A） territory （ B） land （ C） habitat （ D） inhabitant 68 【 C8】 （ A） howe
38、ver （ B） furthermore （ C） otherwise （ D） instead 69 【 C9】 （ A） willing （ B） likely （ C） reluctant （ D） intended 70 【 C10】 （ A） goes up （ B） goes towards （ C） goes into （ D） goes at 71 【 C11】 （ A） supplies （ B） offers （ C） presents （ D） provides 72 【 C12】 （ A） maintained （ B） sustained （ C） preserved
39、 （ D） held 73 【 C13】 （ A） optional （ B） potential （ C） promising （ D） alternative 74 【 C14】 （ A） made into （ B） made for （ C） made up （ D） made of 75 【 C15】 （ A） since （ B） because （ C） as （ D） while 76 【 C16】 （ A） link （ B） exchange （ C） network （ D） site 77 【 C17】 （ A） except （ B） without （ C） wit
40、h （ D） besides 78 【 C18】 （ A） resumed （ B） renewed （ C） refreshed （ D） revived 79 【 C19】 （ A） much （ B） many （ C） few （ D） more 80 【 C20】 （ A） great （ B） large （ C） immense （ D） massive 80 For most kinds of activities, a large group of people can accomplish more and have more fun than one person alo
41、ne. For example, politicians, businessmen, workers, and【 56】 criminals know that they must join organizations in order to be【 57】 . Since there is usually strength in numbers, labor unions have a more【 58】 influence on wages and company policy than individual workers【 59】 .A person may also belong t
42、o social clubs and athletic teams【 60】 he or she can meet other people who are interested in the same activities.【 61】 you have a hobby, such as playing chess, collecting coins or stamps, or playing a musical instrument, you should join a club which has【 62】meetings to talk about your activity; the
43、other【 63】 will help you learn more about it. of course, a group must be well【 64】 , or it might be a failure. All the members should work together on projects and choose good leaders to【 65】 their activities. In this way, the organization will benefit everyone in it. （ A） still （ B） even （ C） someh
44、ow （ D） however （ A） sociable （ B） interested （ C） successful （ D） extrovert （ A） powerful （ B） strong （ C） great （ D） forcing （ A） can （ B） think （ C） do （ D） gain （ A） what （ B） at which （ C） where （ D） in which （ A） Whether （ B） When （ C） If （ D） Although （ A） regular （ B） often （ C） usual （ D） i
45、ncidental （ A） clubs （ B） people （ C） members （ D） societies （ A） organized （ B） set （ C） arranged （ D） gathered （ A） introduce （ B） show （ C） direct （ D） explain 90 At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a state of transition. As a result, cultural scripts about marriag
46、e have undergone change. One of the more obvious 【 C1】 _ has occurred in the roles that women 【 C2】 _ . Women have moved into the world of work and have become adept at meeting expectations in that arena, 【 C3】 _ maintaining their family rules of nurturing and creating a(n) 【 C4】 _ that is a haven f
47、or all family members. 【 C5】_ many women experience strain from trying to “do it all,“ they often enjoy the increased 【 C6】 _ that can result from playing multiple roles. As womens roles have changed, changing expectations about mens roles have become more 【 C7】_ . Many men are relinquishing their m
48、ajor responsibility 【 C8】 _ the family provider. Probably the most significant change in mens roles, however, is in the emotional 【 C9】 _ of family life. Men are increasingly 【 C10】 _ to meet the emotional needs of their families, 【 C11】 _ their wives. In fact, expectations about the emotional domain of marriage have become more significant for marriage in general. Research on 【 C12】 _ marriage has changed over recent decades points to the increasing importance of the emotional side of the relationships and th
