1、清华大学考博英语模拟试卷 22及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 His intelligence and experience will enable him to_the complicated situation. （ A） cope with （ B） settle down （ C） intervene in （ D） interfere with 2 Current data suggest that although _ states between fear and aggression exist, fear and aggression
2、 are as distinct physiologically as they are psychologically. （ A） simultaneous （ B） serious （ C） partial （ D） transitional 3 The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly_, most frequently by human intervention. （ A） celebrated （ B） predicted （ C） observed （ D） disturbed 4 The
3、 results of the experiments performed by Elizabeth and Rachel were_not only because these results challenged old assumptions but also because they called the prevailing methodology into question. （ A） provocative （ B） predictable （ C） inconclusive （ D） intriguing 5 In scientific inquiry, it becomes
4、a matter of duty to expose a_hypothesis to every possible kind of examination. （ A） tentative （ B） debatable （ C） well-established （ D） logical 6 Freud derived psychoanalytic knowledge of childhood indirectly: he reconstructed childhood processes from adult_. （ A） memory （ B） experience （ C） behavio
5、r （ D） monotony 7 Our times seem especially_to bad ideas, probably because in throwing off the shackles of tradition, we have ended up being quite vulnerable to untested theories and untried remedies. （ A） impervious （ B） hostile （ C） hospitable （ D） prone 8 The matter is not to be_. （ A） watched fo
6、r （ B） waited on （ C） taken over （ D） trifled with 9 The mother almost_when she learned that her son was shot dead. （ A） fell down （ B） came down （ C） fell apart （ D） went to pieces 10 Please_your voice if you have any questions to ask the chairman. （ A） rise （ B） raise （ C） lift （ D） enlarge 11 Owe
7、n obviously had no_of doing any work that day, although it was only a week before the English Test. （ A） ambition （ B） desire （ C） intention （ D） wish 12 On that bitterly cold winter night, few people walked along the_narrow streets. （ A） lonely （ B） neglected （ C） deserted （ D） isolated 13 Even whe
8、n the strike was over, and the wages dispute had been_, it took several weeks for the country to get cleaned up completely. （ A） settled （ B） evened （ C） calmed （ D） relieved 14 Advanced computer technology has_an answer to accurate weather forecasting. （ A） set up （ B） come up with （ C） filled in （
9、 D） faced up to 15 If you keep getting wrong numbers, your phone could be_. （ A） defective （ B） ineffective （ C） deficient （ D） deceptive 16 Mr. Johnson had a terrible cold and could not stop_. （ A） yawning （ B） sighing （ C） sneezing （ D） spitting 17 The chairman asked the members to_their votes for
10、 or against the proposal. （ A） cast （ B） throw （ C） bid （ D） offer 18 She was barred from the golf club for refusing to_with the request. （ A） conform （ B） adhere （ C） abide （ D） comply 19 She always_the smell of fresh bread with her aunt, who loved baking. （ A） associated （ B） connected （ C） attrib
11、uted （ D） contributed 20 While doing calculation for the project, the designers_a new solution to a geological problem. （ A） fell into （ B） stumbled upon （ C） set out （ D） discovered 21 She was paid by the hour, and she managed to keep her family with her pitiful_. （ A） salary （ B） wages （ C） stipen
12、d （ D） payment 22 A plane is a_and so is a car. （ A） transport （ B） drive （ C） vehicle （ D） carriage 23 Tony was in plain clothes, watching for a_character at London Airport all night. （ A） suspicious （ B） suspect （ C） susceptible （ D） doubtful 24 At first she thought he was joking. It took Jason tw
13、enty minutes to convince her that he was_. （ A） earnest （ B） real （ C） genuine （ D） serious 25 You may even become a head waiter eventually. If you have the right sort of_and are not afraid of hard work. （ A） nature （ B） personality （ C） temper （ D） character 26 When they had finished playing, the c
14、hildren were made to_all the toys they had taken out. （ A） put off （ B） put out （ C） put up （ D） put away 27 Small boys are_questioners. They ask questions all the time. （ A） original （ B） imaginative （ C） peculiar （ D） persistent 28 As an excellent shooter, Peter practised aiming at both_targets an
15、d moving targets. （ A） standing （ B） stationary （ C） still （ D） stable 29 If each manager makes his usual speech, the meeting will be_for forty five minutes. （ A） expanded （ B） prolonged （ C） delayed （ D） exceeded 30 The terrorists might have planted a bomb on the plane in Athens, set to_when it arr
16、ived in New York. （ A） get off （ B） carry off （ C） go off （ D） come off 31 After traveling in the desert for many days, they found a tiny oasis, where there was a well and _green grass. （ A） a patch of （ B） a bunch of （ C） a pinch of （ D） a packet of 32 The girl was so_by the mighty river that she w
17、ould spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the boats and rafts going and coming. （ A） absorbed （ B） fascinated （ C） moved （ D） touched 33 After a careful investigation, the committee decided to_the old hall. （ A） change （ B） build （ C） innovate （ D） renovate 34 I was always taught that it wa
18、s_to interrupt. （ A） rude （ B） coarse （ C） rough （ D） crude 35 Since the father died a year ago, there has been_in the family about the division of the estate. （ A） distinctions （ B） discord （ C） disadvantages （ D） disappointment 36 Having been discussed, the proposal was_unanimously. （ A） adapted （
19、 B） adopted （ C） admitted （ D） adjoined 37 The American professor came to realize that he had underestimated the _ of most of the Chinese students. （ A） magnitude （ B） gradient （ C） potential （ D） firmness 38 All individuals are required to_to the laws made by their governments. （ A） obey （ B） confo
20、rm （ C） concede （ D） observe 39 It is a common theme in many science fiction stories that the world may one day be_by insects. （ A） broken in （ B） run over （ C） taken over （ D） filled out 40 Some people_avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them. （ A） violently （ B） enthusiastic
21、ally （ C） sincerely （ D） deliberately 二、 Reading Comprehension 40 These days we hear a lot of nonsense about the “great classless society“. The idea that the twentieth century is the age of the common man has become one of the great cliches of our time. The same old arguments are put forward in evid
22、ence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system of government has been completely discredited. The monarchies that survive have been deprived of all political power. Inherited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the great fortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of co
23、untries the victory has been complete. The people rule; the great millennium has become a political reality. But has it? Close examination doesnt bear out the claim. It is a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if you provide everybody with the same educatio
24、nal opportunities. It is debatable whether you can ever provide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question. The fact is that nature dispenses brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old rules of the jungle, “survival of the fit
25、test“ , and “might is right“ are still with us. The spread of education has destroyed the old class system and created a new one. Rewards are based on merit. For “aristocracy“ read “ meritocracy“ ; in other respects, society remains unaltered: the class system is rigidly maintained. Genuine ability,
26、 animal cunning, skill, the knack of seizing opportunities, all bring material rewards. And what is the first thing people do when they become rich? They use their wealth to secure the best possible opportunities for their children, to give them “ a good start in life“. For all the lip service we pa
27、y to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world. Private schools which offer unfair advantages over state schools are not banned because one of the principles in a democracy is that people should be free to choose how they will educate their children. In this way, the n
28、ew meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent; an able child from a wealthy home can succeed far more rapidly than his poorer counterpart. Wealth is also used indiscriminately to further political ends. It would be almost impossible to become the leader of a democracy without massive fina
29、ncial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was. In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded according to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled workers that the least
30、able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to become future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant. 41 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A
31、） Equality of opportunity in the twentieth century has not destroyed the class system. （ B） Equality means money. （ C） There is no such society as classless society. （ D） Nature cant give you a classless society. 42 According to the author, the same educational opportunities cant get rid of inequali
32、ty because_. （ A） the principle “ survival of the fittest“ exists （ B） Nature ignores equality in dispensing brains and ability （ C） Material rewards are for genuine ability （ D） People have the freedom how to educate their children 43 Who can obtain more rapid success_. （ A） those with wealth （ B）
33、those with the best brains （ C） those with the best opportunities （ D） those who have the ability to catch at opportunities 44 According to the author, class divisions refers to_. （ A） the rich and the poor （ B） different opportunities for people （ C） oppressor and the oppressed （ D） genius and stup
34、idity 44 The organization known to the world as Interpol has sometimes been described as an outfit of chisel-jawed gimlet-eyed crime fighters who put their lives in jeopardy every working hour. Less flatteringly, Interpol has also been described as a huge filing cabinet, stuffed with clerks choking
35、on their own statistics. As with most generalities, there is some truth in both statements. There are, certainly, some grim battlers of crime to be found working with Interpol. There are, just as surely, those drones shuffling mountains of paper whose cheeks are sallow from indoor life. Consider the
36、 charisma of the name alone: INTERPOL, the international police force. Continents leaped in a single bound, oceans crossed in the space of a breath, villains watched by eyes that never sleep. Surprisingly, a lot of it happens almost that way. Four groups coordinate and direct the activities of Inter
37、pol. One of them is the National Central Bureaus, or NCBs, bodies designated by the member nations to serve as their link with Interpol. These are the front-line troops, the action people. In the United States, the Treasury Departments the National Central Bureau. In the United Kingdom, it is Scotla
38、nd Yard; the Questura in Italy and the Melbourne City Police in Australia. Because police organization varies from country, the NCBs were established to act as the one special group to handle Interpol chores and unsure maximum cooperation between nations. Each NCB is usually an official government b
39、ody with police powers if a country has only one central police authority, that body becomes the National Centre Bureau. Of course, any service appointed as an NCB is bound to its nations law and authority and retains its national title. Each NCB is connected by radio to the regional station for its
40、 geographic zone. The regional stations are connected to the Central Station in France. The radio network is versatile. Network stations can monitor the Central station or any regional station. Because of this messages can be broadcast to more than one station at a time. A coding system determines t
41、he urgency of each message so that those with high priority can be given precedence. Besides, other communication tools, such as radio-teleprinters and phototelegraphy equipment. Permit rapid transfers of fingerprints and photographs. Sometimes ever more advanced technology is employed. When the pol
42、ice all over the world were looking for a Canadian named George Leray, they turned to the Early Bird Satellite. Leray had led his gang on a daring holdup of a Montreal bank and gotten away with $ 4 million. Scotland Yard broadcast Lerays photo to the world by satellite. An American who saw the pictu
43、re in Florida recognized Leray as a man who was living on a yacht in Fort Lauderdale under an assumed name. The police were alerted and arrested Leray. 45 What is the best title for this passage? （ A） The Function of the Interpol. （ B） The Quality of the Interpol. （ C） The Organization of the Interp
44、ol. （ D） The Rapid Development of the Interpol. 46 The organization of this passage is_. （ A） general to specific （ B） cause and effect （ C） comparison and contrast （ D） development 47 The sentence “stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_
45、. （ A） a lot of employees busying in their work （ B） many office workers busying with various documents （ C） crowded with office workers busying with their own collected data （ D） workers busying in their own information 48 Which is the easiest tool to communicate? （ A） Satellite. （ B） Radio. （ C） T
46、eleprinter. （ D） Phototelegraphy. 48 Things have really changed. Not only is the military standing tall again, it is staging a remarkable comeback in the quantity and quality of the recruits it is attracting. Recruiters, once denounced by antiwar students as “baby killers“ and barred from campuses,
47、are welcomed ever at elite universities. ROTC(Reserve Officers Training Corps)programs, that faltered during the Viet Nam era, when protesters were firebombing their headquarters, are flourishing again. The military academies are enjoying a steady increase in applications. Certainly, the depressed e
48、conomy has increased the allure of the jobs, technical training and generous student loans offered by the military. Students know that if they go in and become, say, nuclear weapons specialists, they can come out and demand a salary of $60,000 a year. Military salaries, while not always competitive
49、with those paid for comparable jobs in the private sector, are more than respectable, especially considering the wide array of benefits that are available: free medical service, room and board, and PX(Post Exchange)privileges. Monthly pay for a recruit is $ 574; for a sergeant with four years services it is $ 906; for a major with ten years service it is $ 2,
