1、职称英语（理工类） C级模拟试卷 14及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Before the supper, my morn asked me to lay the table. （ A） clean （ B） dust （ C） set （ D） move 2 On Sunday afternoons, we always stroll along the river bank, chatting and laughing. （ A） walk （
2、B） run （ C） sit （ D） play 3 As members dropped out, the club became smaller and smaller. （ A） passed away （ B） grew （ C） changed （ D） withdrew 4 Tom felt so happy that he broke into song. （ A） burst （ B） blasted （ C） burned （ D） blazed 5 The fighter plane fell into a mountain after take-off, its bom
3、bs exploding as it hit the ground. （ A） smashed （ B） cast （ C） plunged （ D） crashed 6 Our journey was very slow because the train stopped constantly at different village. （ A） unceasingly （ B） continuously （ C） gradually （ D） continually 7 What kinds of products were sold in this shop? （ A） goods （
4、B） services （ C） machines （ D） contents 8 Mary felt lonely after her husband died in a car accident. （ A） alone （ B） gloomy （ C） desolate （ D） separate 9 Mr. Bill has never been to China. As a result he knows little about this country. （ A） Because （ B） Though （ C） Consequently （ D） Why 10 The army
5、launched several air raids yesterday morning. （ A） hits （ B） insults （ C） attacks （ D） bombs 11 It is hard for me to give you a definite answer. （ A） sure （ B） correct （ C） real （ D） clear 12 He is in a rather difficult situation at present. （ A） location （ B） position （ C） preparation （ D） station
6、13 Can you lend me some dollars? I just lack cash. （ A） short （ B） need （ C） waste （ D） arrange 14 During the SARS period, it is especially important to ventilate the room. （ A） dust （ B） clean （ C） remove （ D） air 15 It took me two hours to figure out how to do it. （ A） guess （ B） sum up （ C） under
7、stand （ D） summarize 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Micro-chip Research Center Created A research center has been set up in this Far. East country to develop advanced microchip production technology. The c
8、enter, which will start out with about US $14 million, will help the country develop its chip industry without always depending on imported technology. The center will make use of its research skills and facilities to develop new technology for domestic chip plants. The advent of the center will pos
9、sibly free the country from the situation that it is always buying almost-outdated technologies from other countries, said the country s flagship(旗舰 , 首位的 ) chipmaker. Currently, chip plants in this country are in a passive situation because many foreign governments dont allow them to import the mos
10、t advanced technologies, fearing they will be used for military purposes. Moreover the high licensing fees they have to pay to technology providers are also an important reason for their decision of self-reliance. As mainstream(主流 ) chip production technology shifts from one generation to the next e
11、very three to five years, plants with new technology can make more powerful chips at lower costs, while plants with outdated equipment, which often cost billions of dollars to build, will be marginalized (边缘化 ) by the market. More than 10 chip plants are being built, each costing millions of dollars
12、. The majority of the money goes to overseas equipment vendors (卖主 )and technology owners mainly from Japan and Singapore. Should the new center play a major role in improving the situation in the industry, the country admits the US $14 million investment is still rather small. This country is devel
13、oping comprehensive technologies, most of the investment will be spent on setting alliances with technology and intellectual property owners. 16 The country says that the investment of US $14 million is big enough for developing the countrys industry. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 That
14、 country gives top priorities to developing chips for military purpose. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Although the licensing fees are not very high, that Far-East country cannot afford to pay. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Many western countries ban the exporting of the m
15、ost advanced chip-making technologies to that country to prevent them from being used for military purposes. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Currently, American investors own almost all the flagship chipmakers in that country. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Mainstream chip p
16、roduction technology develops rapidly. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 More than 10 chip plants being built in that country are an example of self-reliace. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标
17、题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Geology (地质 ) and Health 1. The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine(碘 ), zinc(锌 )a
18、nd selenium(硒 ). For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. 2. The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks, which weather into soil, gaining or losing some of their ch
19、emical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached (过滤出 ) from rock and soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environment have effects on the chemistry and health of plants, ani
20、mals and people. 3. So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are generally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich, soils does not represent
21、a health risk unless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil. 4. Heavy metals are persistent
22、: they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poison
23、ing. 5. In contrast, naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures, despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations well above those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria. 6. There is a vital
24、 need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such
25、 studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution. A. No Evidence to Indicate Bad Effects of Naturally Contaminated Soil B. Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated Soils C. Research on Channels of Heavy
26、 Metals Getting into Human Food Chain D. Geology and Health Problems E. Rocks-the Ultimate Source of soil Pollution F. Long-term Health Effects on Children 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 6_ 26 A. industrially polluted soils B. rock and soil chemistry C. naturally pollut
27、ed soils D. the pathways of metals into the food E. the element of iodine F. the persistence of heavy metals 27 Some diseases are connected with deficiency of_. 28 It is extremely necessary to study the long-term effects caused by living on_. 29 Geologists are indispensable in the research project o
28、n geology and health due to their knowledge on_. 30 Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Hair Detectives Scientists have found a way to use hair to figure out where a person is from and whe
29、re that person has been. The finding could help solve crimes, among other useful applications. Water is central to the new technique. Our bodies break water down into its parts: hydrogen(氢 )and oxygen. Atoms (原子 ) of these two elements end up in our tissues and hair. But not all water is the same. H
30、ydrogen and oxygen atoms can vary in how much they weigh. Different forms of a single element are called isotopes(同位素 ). And depending on where you live, tap water contains unique proportions of the heavier and lighter isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen. Might hair record these watery quirks(古怪举动；怪僻 ).
31、 Thats what James R. Ehleringer, an environmental scientist at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, wondered. To find out, he and his colleagues collected hair from barbers and hair stylists(发型师 )in 65 cities in 18 states across the United States. The researchers assumed that the hair they coll
32、ected came from people who lived in the area. Even though people drink a lot of bottled water these days, the scientists found that hair overwhelmingly(压倒性地 ) reflected the concentrations of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in local tap water. Thats probably because people usually cook their food in the
33、 local water. Whats more, most of the other liquids people drink including milk and soft drinks contain large amounts of water that also come from sources within their region. Scientists already knew how the composition of water varies throughout the country. Ehleringer and colleagues combined that
34、information with their results to predict the composition of hair in people from different regions. One hair sample used in Ehleringers study came from a man who had recently moved from Beijing, China, to Salt Lake City. As his hair grew, it reflected his change in location. The new technique cant p
35、oint to exactly where a person is from, because similar types of water appear in different regions that span a broad area. But authorities can now use the information to analyze hair samples from criminals or crime victims and narrow their search for clues(线索 ). 31 What does the writer say about tap
36、 water? Which of the following is NOT correct? （ A） Tap water reflects the concentrations of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in different regions. （ B） Tap water is a kind of soft drink in the United States. （ C） Tap water contains unique proportions of isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen. （ D） Tap water i
37、s used to cook food. 32 James R. Ehleringer tried to find out （ A） if our bodies break water down into its parts. （ B） if it is possible to collect hair samples across the country. （ C） if tap water contains unique proportions of isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen. （ D） if the composition of hair can i
38、ndicate exactly where people are from. 33 Which of the following statements is meant by the writer? （ A） Ehleringer was successful in his research. （ B） Ehleringer failed in his research. （ C） Ehleringer can be a successful detective. （ D） Ehleringers research proved successful in China. 34 What doe
39、s the last paragraph tell you? （ A） The new technique can tell precisely where a person lives. （ B） Water supplied in different regions all come from the same source. （ C） Types of water used in different regions provide useful information for the police. （ D） Hair samples provide the most important
40、 clues to identify crimes. 35 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the title? （ A） Human hair may help detectives to solve crimes. （ B） Animal hair may help detectives to solve crimes. （ C） Detectives watch hairy criminals closely. （ D） Most detectives are hair specialists. 35 Pushbike Pe
41、ril Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure or even kill children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars(车把 ) so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer. Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began
42、 the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal(腹部的 ) injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents. “The task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures(对策 ).“ she says. By interviewi
43、ng the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct(重建；重构 ) many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain t
44、heir balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degrees, but their momentum (冲力 ) forces them into the end of the handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen. The solution the group came up with is a handgrip(握柄 ) fitted wi
45、th a spring and damping(制动的；减速的，缓冲的 ) system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. The group hopes to commercialize(使商品化 ) the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. “But our task has been one of education bec
46、ause up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of the problem. “ says Arbogast. The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design. A decision is expected later this year. 36 According to the passage, some engineers a
47、re trying to improve the handlebars because （ A） they are not noble enough. （ B） they may kill children. （ C） they are likely to crash. （ D） they make the bike move at a low speed. 37 In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries （ A） to discuss how abdominal injuries in
48、children occur. （ B） to show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidents. （ C） to point out what the countermeasures can be. （ D） to tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project. 38 Paragraph 3 mainly discusses （ A） why the children and their parents were interviewed. （ B） when
49、 the children tom the handlebars through 90 degrees. （ C） what causes the children to topple over. （ D） how serious injuries occur. 39 The passage implies that （ A） it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design. （ B） the team of engineers has not found any countermeasures. （ C） children like to ride bicycles at a very low speed. （ D） a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years. 40 The new handgrip works in which of the following ways? （ A） It ca
