1、阅读同步练习试卷 27及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on
2、the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of lifes essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car
3、before starting a trip. But for many people the thought, food being the first thing in the morning, is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures are available, the number of people who didnt have breakfa
4、st increased by 33 percent from 8. 8 million to 11. 7 million according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America. For those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especial
5、ly, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast, “going without breakfast does not affect performance,“ said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve performance. “ Scientific evidence linking breakfast to
6、better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. “The literature,“ says one researcher, Dr. Ernesto Pollitt at the University of Texas, “is poor. “ 1 The latest year for which figures could be obtained is_. （ A） the year the a
7、uthor wrote the article （ B） 1977 （ C） any year between 1977 and 1983 （ D） 1983 2 For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that_. （ A） several studies have been done in the past few years （ B） the omission of breakfast does no harm to ones health （ C） adults have especially made studies
8、 in the field （ D） eating little in the morning is good for health 3 “. nor does giving people breakfast improve performance“ (Lines 45, Para. 3) means_. （ A） anyone without breakfast does not improve performance （ B） not giving people breakfast improves their performance （ C） having breakfast does
9、not improve performance, either （ D） people having breakfast do improve their performance, too 4 The word “literature“ in the last sentence refers to_. （ A） stories, poems, plays, etc. （ B） written theory on a particular subject （ C） any printed material （ D） the modern literature of America 5 What
10、is implied but NOT stated by the author is that_. （ A） breakfast does not affect performance （ B） Dr. Pollitt is engaged in research work at an institution of higher learning （ C） not eating breakfast might affect the health of children （ D） Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition
11、in London 5 The physicist investigating the relationship between time and space, the chemist exploring the properties of a new substance, the biologist probing the mysteries of the continuity of life, and the anthropologist searching for human origins share a common trait of curiosity. Not that non-
12、scientists are not curious, most people possess this characteristic. The scientist, however, uses a specific method to make research into these enigmatic (如谜的 , 难以理解的 ) problems the scientific method. Unfortunately, science and its method are misunderstood. The multiplication of our knowledge in med
13、icine and technology has led to the idea that science can cure all and explain all and that only enough time, money and intelligence are needed. In truth, science cannot provide all answers. In fact, many phenomena are not even subject to scientific explanations. On the other side of the coin, scien
14、ce has been attacked as a cause of most contemporary problems. It is said to be responsible for the depersonalization (人格解体，人性丧失 ) of the individual, for stripping creativity from human behavior, and for creating massive threats to the species through the development of nuclear power, insecticides,
15、and polluting machinery. If we analyze the situation, we can see that it was not the original intent of the people who developed computers to debase humankind, nor was mass production proposed as a method to crush creativity. It is what society, policymakers especially, does with scientific achievem
16、ents that makes them social or antisocial. There is nothing inherently good or bad about science. 6 Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? （ A） Scientists and their curiosity. （ B） Understandings of science. （ C） Science and scientific method. （ D） Misunderstandings of science. 7 W
17、hich of the following statements is closest in meaning with the last sentence of Para. 2? （ A） Many phenomena can be subjects of scientific explanations. （ B） Many phenomena can find answers in scientific explanations. （ C） Scientific explanations cannot provide answers to many phenomena. （ D） Scien
18、tific explanations are not related to many phenomena. 8 What does the expression “to debase humankind“ in Para. 3 mean? （ A） To provide base to humankind. （ B） To reduce the value of humankind. （ C） To get rid of humankind. （ D） To compete with humankind. 9 According to the last paragraph, which of
19、the following will be accepted by the author? （ A） Science is the cause of modern problems. （ B） Science itself is neither good nor bad. （ C） Science leads to environmental pollution. （ D） Science causes many antisocial acts. 10 In the expression “On the other side of the coin“ in Para. 3 “the coin“
20、 is used to refer to_. （ A） the misunderstanding of science （ B） the scientific explanation （ C） the money needed in scientific research （ D） the curiosity of scientists 10 Ever since humans have inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of
21、 thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbol
22、s of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink can be a way of flirting (调情，卖弄风情 ) r indicating that the party is only joking. A
23、nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction. Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct peop
24、le. While verbalization is the most common form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings. 11 The best summarization of the passage might be “_“. （ A） Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners （ B） Everybody uses only one form of communication （ C） A
25、lthough other forms of communication exist verbalization is the fastest （ D） When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication 12 Which of the following is NOT true? （ A） The deaf and mute use an oral form of communication. （ B） There are many forms of communication in existe
26、nce today. （ C） Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted by body language. （ D） Verbalization is the most common form of communication. 13 Which form other than oral speech would be most commonly used among blind people? （ A） Body language. （ B） Signal flags. （ C） Braille. （ D） Picture signs. 14 _diffe
27、rent forms of communication are mentioned in this passage. （ A） Ten （ B） Nine （ C） Seven （ D） Five 15 It is said that sign language is very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally EXCEPT for_. （ A） expressions （ B） spelling （ C） whole words （ D） ideas 15 Nancy Jeschkes sleeping difficu
28、lties began on vacation a few summers ago. She blamed the noisy motel room, but her sleeping did not improve at home. Instead of her usual six to seven hours a night, the 37-year-old teacher slept just three or four. “Id toss and turn for hours, then get up and pace,“ she says. Nancy tried going to
29、bed earlier, but the slightest noise, even her husbands breathing, disturbed her. She drank a glass of wine at bed-time and fell asleep immediately, but was awake two hours later. Her doctor prescribed a sleeping pill for two weeks. When she stopped taking the pills, though, she slept worse than eve
30、r. Most of us have the occasional short period of troubled sleep and then return to normal a few nights later. However, for one in six people insomnia is a continual problem. Now the Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center in Baltimore has developed a nine-step treatment to help insomniacs cure themsel
31、ves. It is based on the idea that by deliberately reducing time in bed and by modifying your waking activities you will be able to sleep more soundly. Psychologist Richard Alien, co-director of the Johns Hopkins Center, considers insomnia a 24-hour disorder. Thus, his treatment, which draws on resea
32、rch done by Arthur Spielman of the Sleep Disorders Center of the City College of New York, includes advice on daytime as well as bedtime behavior. 16 What is the subject of the passage? （ A） Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center. （ B） Nancy Jeschkes sleeping problems. （ C） Treating the sleeping probl
33、ems. （ D） The relationship between noise and insomnia. 17 Which of the following is NOT true of Nancy Jeschke? （ A） She could sleep well for a short time after drinking some wine. （ B） She cannot sleep well only during summer time. （ C） She thought the noise at the motel to be the cause of her insom
34、nia. （ D） Her insomnia got worse when she stopped taking sleeping pills. 18 In the second sentence of Para. 5, the words “draws on“ could best be replaced by_. （ A） makes use of （ B） encourages （ C） comes level with （ D） comes near 19 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） people can improv
35、e their sleeping if they sleep more hours than usual （ B） in order to sleep more soundly at night, people can take a nap at noon （ C） the nine-step treatment for insomniacs was developed by Arthur Spielman （ D） approximately 15 percent of the people are suffering insomnia 20 What does the paragraph
36、following the passage most likely discuss? （ A） Richard Aliens ideas about daytime and bedtime behavior. （ B） Researches done by Arthur Spielman. （ C） Arthur Spielmans advice on daytime and bedtime behavior. （ D） Researches done by Richard Alien. 20 The electromagnet was invented in England by Willi
37、am Sturgeon, who took an iron rod and bent it into the shape of a horseshoe. This “horseshoe“ was coated with varnish (清漆 ) and a layer of copper wire was wrapped around it. An electric current was passed through the wire, thus making the rod magnetic. The rod was now, because of magnetic attraction
38、, able to support nine pound of iron. In the US, a scientist named Joseph Henry improved on Sturgeons electromagnet by insulating (使绝缘 ) the copper wire with silk. He was able to wrap many turns of wire around an iron core without danger of circuits between the turns. His magnet could hold 2 300 pou
39、nds. This experiment prompted Henry to try his hand at converting magnetism into electricity. First he coiled (缠绕 , 盘绕 ) some insulated wire around an iron bar, connecting both ends of the wire to a galvanometer (电流计 ). The iron bar was placed across the poles of the electromagnet. Then the coil of
40、the electromagnet was connected to a battery. The galvanometer indicated a voltage , then dropped to zero. Henry signaled his assistant to disconnect the coil. The galvanometer showed that once again a voltage had been produced, although this time in the opposite direction. The principle of electrom
41、agnet induction (感应现象 ) had thus been discovered. Unfortunately for Joseph Henry he did not publish findings and someone else (Faraday) got the credit for the discovery. 21 Henrys electromagnet was_. （ A） exactly like Sturgeons （ B） an improvement over Sturgeons （ C） more dangerous than Sturgeons （
42、D） not as good as Sturgeons 22 Henry was encouraged by his experiment_. （ A） to insulate the copper wire （ B） to change magnetism into electricity （ C） to convert electricity into magnetism （ D） to avoid short circuits 23 Henry connected the wire to_. （ A） a coil （ B） a galvanometer （ C） the poles o
43、f electromagnet （ D） an iron bar 24 The galvanometer indicated_. （ A） that Henrys assistant had connected the wire （ B） that Henry had been able to produce a voltage （ C） zero constantly （ D） the iron bar had been placed across the poles of the electromagnet 25 According to what appeared in print at
44、 that time_. （ A） Joseph Henry discovered the principle of electromagnetic induction （ B） Henry falsely tried to claim credit for the discovery of the principle of electromagnetic induction （ C） Faraday discovered the principle of electromagnetic induction （ D） Henrys experiment with electromagnetic
45、 induction was a failure 阅读同步练习试卷 27答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one
46、and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是一道具体细节题。问文章中获得数据的最近一年是哪年。利用查阅式阅读法，我们可以在文章的第二段中找到相关的信息。这段指出，但是，对于许多人来说，想到早上第一件事便是吃饭绝不是一件愉快的事。所以，尽管费尽周折，他们仍然不吃早饭。 1977年至 1983年为止的现有数字表明，不吃早饭的人增加了 33%，根据总部设在芝加哥市的美国市场调查公司所提供的数字，从 880万增加到了 1 17
47、0万。 因此，本题的正确答案应是 D“1983年 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题仍然是一道具体细节题。问对于那些不吃早饭的人来说，好消息是什么。利用查阅式阅读法，我们可以在文章的第三段中找到相关的内容。这段指出，不过对于那些由于不吃早饭而感到内疚的人来说倒是有个好消息。近年来的一些研究表明，特别对于成年人来说，不吃早饭并没有什么不好。 “不吃早饭并不影响工作效果 ”，伦敦伊丽莎白女王学院的前营养学教授阿诺德 E本德尔说，“让人们吃早饭也不会提高工作效果 ”。因此，本题的正 确答案应是 B“不吃早饭对健康并不造成危害 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】
48、 C 【试题解析】 本题是一道句子含义类问题。问文章第三段最后一句话中的 nor does giving people breakfast improve performance是什么意思。根据文章上下文，近年来的一些研究表明，特别对于成年人来说，不吃早饭并没有什么不好。 “不吃早饭并不影响工作效果 ”，伦敦伊丽莎白女王学院的前营养学教授阿诺德 E本德尔说， “让人们吃早饭也不会提高工作效果 ”。因此，本题的正确答案应 是 C“吃了早饭也不会提高工作效果 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题是一道词汇含义类问题。问本文中最后一句话中的词literature是什么意
49、思。根据文章上下文，将早饭与改善健康及工作表现联系起来的科学依据并不十分充分，并且，大部分的研究涉及的是儿童，而不是成年人。对此，得克萨斯大学的一位科学家厄尼斯图 玻利特博士说： “这些理论是很不完善的。 ”因此，本题的正确答案应是 B“关于某种问题的书面理论 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题 解析】 本题是一道暗示推断类问题。问作者没有明确提出而是暗示了的是什么。根据文章第三段和第四段的内容，近年来的一些研究表明，特别对于成年人来说，不吃早饭并没有什么不好。 “不吃早饭并不影响工作效果 ”，伦敦伊丽莎白女王学院的前营养学教授阿诺德 E本德尔说， “让人们吃早饭也不会提高工作效果 ”。将早饭与改善健康及更好的工作表现联系起来的科学依据并不十分充分，并且，大部分的研究涉及的是儿童，而不是成年人。由此我们可以推断出本题的正确答案应是 C“不吃早饭可能会影响儿童的健康 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识 模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题问下面哪个选项是文章的主题。利用浏览式阅读法通读一下原文，我们发现作者主要在介绍
