1、阅读理解（综合）强化练习试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp
2、onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Industrial psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the selection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working conditions and techniques, as well as individual job s
3、atisfaction. The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitudes and techniques, and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and characteristics. The development of
4、 tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research. Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psychologist is to find ways in which a particular job can best be accomplished with a minimum of effort and a maximum of individual satisfac
5、tion. The psychologists function, therefore, differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on increased production. Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motion required to do the job, the equipm
6、ent used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the industrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or moving the tools, improving the working
7、 conditions, or a combination of several of these methods. Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to determine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that total production on particular jobs could
8、 be increased by reducing the number of working hours or by increasing the number of rest periods, or “breaks“, during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct requirements for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing a better line of communication between e
9、mployees and management. 1 From the first sentence of the passage, we learn that the primary objective of industrial psychology is to study_. （ A） working efficiency that leads to the highest output （ B） the working skills and the working environment （ C） the techniques leading to the highest produc
10、tivity （ D） the use of workers to get the greatest profit 2 A test in industrial psychology is used to find out_. （ A） a workers achievements （ B） a workers potential for a certain job （ C） a workers psychological problem （ D） a workers motivation for a certain job 3 The industrial psychologists fun
11、ction differs from that of the efficiency experts in that the former_. （ A） places great emphasis on maximum production （ B） cares little about the increase of production （ C） is mainly concerned with workers satisfaction （ D） worries a lot about those workers in poor working conditions 4 In an indu
12、strial psychologists mind, all of the following is important EXCEPT_. （ A） the steps in which work is done （ B） the state of mind of a worker when working （ C） the effect of working environment on a worker （ D） the value of the product a worker is making 5 Based on the results of the industrial psyc
13、hologists studies, it is certain that_. （ A） two breaks in a day lead to lower productivity than one （ B） working without breaks may not yield the highest efficiency （ C） communication is increasing between the employers and employees （ D） changing tools will help increase the production 5 People tr
14、avel for a lot of reasons. Some tourists go to see battlefields or religious shrines. Others are looking for culture, or simply want to have their pictures taken in front of famous places. But most European tourists are looking for a sunny beach to lie on. Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot
15、 of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam spend a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the reason why the
16、Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation. They all come for the same reason: sun! The huge crowds mean lots of money for the economies of Mediterranean countries. Italys 30,000 hotels are booked
17、solid every summer. And 13 million people camp out on French beaches, parks and roadsides. Spains long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else. 37 million tourists visit yearly, or one tourist for every person living in Spain. But there are signs that the area is getting more tourist
18、s than it can handle. The Mediterranean is already one of the most polluted seas on earth. And with increased tourism, its getting worse. The French cant figure out what to do with all the garbage left by campers around St. Tropez. And in many places, swimming is dangerous because of pollution. None
19、 of this, however, is spoiling anyones fun. The Mediterranean gets more popular every year with tourists. Obviously, they dont go there for clean water and solitude. They tolerate traffic jams and seem to like crowded beaches. They dont even mind the pollution. No matter how dirty the water is, the
20、coastline still looks beautiful. And as long as the sun shines, its still better than sitting in the cold rain in Berlin, London, or Oslo. 6 The writer seems to imply that Europeans travel mostly for the reason that_. （ A） they want to see historic remains or religious spots （ B） they are interested
21、 in different cultural traditions and social customs （ C） they would like to take pictures in front of famous sites （ D） they wish to escape from the cold, dark and rainy days back at home 7 In Paragraph 2, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentioned （ A） to show that they are not go
22、od cities in terms of geography and climate （ B） to tell us how wealthy their residents are （ C） to suggest that these cities lack places of historic interest and scenic beauty （ D） to prove that they have got more tourists than they can handle 8 According to the passage, which of the following coun
23、tries attracts more tourists than the others? （ A） Italy. （ B） Spain. （ C） France. （ D） Greece. 9 The latter half of the last sentence in Paragraph 3, i. e. , “ or one tourist for every person living in Spain“ means_. （ A） all the 37 million people living in Spain are tourists （ B） every year almost
24、 as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country （ C） every person living in Spain has to take care of a tourist （ D） every Spaniard is visited by a tourist every year 10 According to the passage, which of the following factors might spoil the tourists fun at Mediterranean re
25、sorts and beaches? （ A） Polluted water. （ B） Crowded buses. （ C） Traffic jams. （ D） Rainy weather. 10 To swim across the English Channel takes at least nine hours. Its a hard work and it makes you short of breath. To fly over the Channel takes only twenty minutes (as long as youre not held up at the
26、 airport), but its an expensive way to travel. You can travel by hovercraft if you dont mind the noise, and that takes forty minutes. Otherwise, you can go by boat, if you remember your seasickness pills. All these means of transport have their problems and the Weary traveler often dreams of being a
27、ble to drive to France in his own car. “Not possible,“ you say. Well, wait a minute. People are once again considering the idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge. This time, the Greater London Colincil is looking into the possibility of building a Channel link straight to London. A bridge would cost far
28、 more than a tunnel, but you would be able to go by rail or by car on a bridge, whereas a tunnel would provide a rail link only. Why is this idea being discussed again? Is Britain becoming more conscious of the need for links with Europe as a result of joining the EEC (欧共体 )? Well, perhaps. The main
29、 reason, though, is that a tunnel or bridge would reach the twenty square kilometers of Londons disused docklands. A link from London to the continent would stimulate trade and revitalize the port, and would make London a main trading center in Europe. With a link over the Channel, you could buy you
30、r fish and chips in England and be able to eat them in France while they were still warm! 11 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Swimming across the Channel takes less than four hours. （ B） The idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge is a very new one. （ C） It is considered to be more difficu
31、lt to swim across the channel than any other means. （ D） A tunnel or bridge would only reach as far as the coast. 12 A tunnel would be_. （ A） less expensive to be built than a bridge （ B） more expensive to be built than a bridge （ C） less expensive to be built than a rail （ D） more expensive to be b
32、uilt than a rail 13 If they built a Channel tunnel, you would （ A） neither take a train nor go by car （ B） either take a train or go by car （ C） only take a train （ D） only take a bus 14 It can be concluded that many of Londons dockyards are_. （ A） not used （ B） fully used （ C） seriously blocked （ D
33、） opened again 15 Channel link would （ A） allow us to buy fish and chips in France （ B） make the journey from Europe to England dangerous but easier and faster （ C） decrease more trade for Londons dockyards （ D） make London more prosperous again 阅读理解（综合）强化练习试 卷 2答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension
34、 (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line t
35、hrough the center. 【知识模块】 综合 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 题句的意思是： “由文章第一句可知产业心理学的根本目标是研究。 ”将题句的要求与短文对应点比照，即可发现 C(导致最高生产率的技术 )是正确的。根据第一句话： Industrial psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the selection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working co
36、nditions and techniques， as well as individual job satisfaction (产业心理学应用各种心理技能选择和培训工人，促成高效工作条件、技术和个人对自己工作的满意度。 ) 【知识模块】 综合 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 题句的意思是： “产业心理学测试是用来发现 。 ”从短文第二段第一、二、三句可以判断出 B正确。 【知识模块】 综合 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 题句的意思是： “产业心理学家的职能不同于效率专家的职能在于，前者 ” 。定位到第二段中的 The psychologists function， therefor
37、e，differs from that of the so一 called efficiency expert， who places primary emphasis on increased production (因此，心理学家的职能不同于效率专家，效率专家首先关注的是增加生产。 )由此可知，产业心理学家主要的职能不是关注生产的 增加，故 B对。 C项过于片面，因为如第一段第一句所说，心理学家的职能是促成高效工作条件、技术和个人对工作的满意度， “个人对工作的满意度 ”仅仅是其职能的一部分。 【知识模块】 综合 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题属反向排除题。题句问 “在产业心理学
38、家的脑海中，下列选项除 之外，其他选项全都重要。 ”先找出短文中讲到了问题中的哪几个选项。A、 B、 C三项的内容全部都涉及了，唯独没讲到 D项 “工人制造的产品价值 ”，故应选 D。 【知识模块】 综合 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题属于推断题。从短文中第三段的第一、二句可推断出不休息地连续工作不一定会提高生产效率； A与短文意思相反；短文中只说劳资双方更好地沟通较直接地要求工人提高工作效率更有利于提高工作效率，与 C项意思不符；短文中根本没有提及更换生产工具的问题，所以 D项应排除。 【知识模块】 综合 【知识模块】 综合 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对细
39、节的把握。答案对应于文章的第二段，其中提到北欧游客为了享受阳光而到地中海度假。因为北欧日照短而且阴雨天多。所以选择 D。 【知识模块 】 综合 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生的推理能力及对细节的把握。答案对应于文章的第二段，其中提到伦敦、哥本哈根和阿姆斯特丹的地理位置，即地处北欧，以及气候，即冬季日照时间短，且长期阴雨连绵，与阳光充足的地中海相比这三个城市不适合度假，因此选 A。 【知识模块】 综合 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对细节的把握。答案对应于文章的第三段，其中提到 “西班牙长长的海岸线较之其他旅游胜地吸引更多的游客 ”，因此选择 B。 【知识
40、模块】 综合 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对文章具体句子的理解。本句介绍西班牙的游客数量，意思是 “西班牙有多少居民，就有多少游客 ”，即西班牙游客的数量与居民的数量一样多。所以应选 B。 【知识模块】 综合 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对细节的把握。答案对应于最后一段，其中介绍虽然地中海存在污染、交通堵塞等问题，但游客兴致不减，他们去地中海是为了享受阳光。因此阴雨的天气会败坏他们的游兴。 【知识模块】 综合 【知识模块】 综合 11 【正确答 案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对整篇文章细节的把握。答案对应于文章的第一段和第三段，其中介
41、绍 “游泳穿越英吉利海峡至少需要 9小时 ”，所以 A是错误的。第一段结尾提到 “人们正在重新考虑建造海底隧道或大桥 ”，说明建造海底隧道的想法不是新的，所以 B是错的。比较各种穿越海峡的方式所花费的时间，可以得出游泳穿越海峡是最困难的，所以 C是对的。第三段提到 “隧道或者桥将通往伦敦 20平方公里废弃的船坞地 ”，并不只是到达海岸，所以 D是错的。 【知识模块】 综合 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对细节的把握。答案对应于文章的第二段，其中提到 “建桥的成本比建隧道高得多 ”，所以选 A。 【知识模块】 综合 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对细节的把握。答案对应于文章的第二段，其中提到 “隧道却只能行驶火车 ”，所以选 C。 【知识模块】 综合 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对细节的把握。答案对应于文章的第三段，其中提到 “伦敦 20平方公里废弃的船坞地 ”，所以选 A。 【知识模块】 综合 15 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查的是考生对细节的把握及推理能力。答案对应于文章的第三段，其中倒数第二句提到 “伦敦与欧洲大陆连接将刺激贸易，使港口恢复生机，使伦敦成为欧洲重要的贸易中心 ”，即使伦敦更加繁荣。 【知识模块】 综合
