1、管理类专业学位联考（英语）模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 Section I Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 1 The government _ a heavy tax on t
2、obacco, which aroused opposition from the tobacco industry. （ A） pronounced （ B） imposed （ C） composed （ D） prescribed 2 The law of supply and demand will eventually take care of a shortage or _ of dentists. （ A） surge （ B） surplus （ C） flood （ D） fluctuation 3 To give praise _ the giver nothing but
3、 a moments thought and a moments effort. （ A） costs （ B） tells （ C） benefits （ D） prizes 4 Many manufacturers were accused of concentrating too heavily on cost reduction, often at the _ of the quality of their products. （ A） expense （ B） exposure （ C） expansion （ D） expectation 5 The noise was so _
4、that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it. （ A） soft （ B） faint （ C） quiet （ D） inaudible 6 His father has been working hard for many years to support him at university so he did not want to _. （ A） let him out （ B） let him in （ C） let him down （ D） let him away 7 Trouble was expected
5、at the football match, so the police had to be there _. （ A） in plenty （ B） in full （ C） in number （ D） in force 8 He seemed immune _ such emotions as jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger and resentment. （ A） to （ B） from （ C） with （ D） of 9 I dont know if Chris is right for the job-he doesnt really
6、possess the skills that _ a good manager. （ A） mark （ B） represent （ C） signal （ D） symbolize 10 The goods confiscated by the customs are going to be put up at _ tomorrow morning. （ A） attention （ B） auction （ C） allocation （ D） auditorium 11 The doctors _the newly approved drug into the patient whe
7、n he was critically ill. （ A） injected （ B） rejected （ C） projected （ D） subjected 12 It is obvious that _of about 40% will be attractive if the dollar really stabilizes. （ A） manufacture （ B） yield （ C） creating （ D） receiving 13 Polar explorers have to be extremely _ to endure the abominable clima
8、te and other hardships. （ A） rough （ B） hard （ C） tough （ D） cautious 14 The audience were so _that they forgot to applause after his wonderful lecture on international politics. （ A） carried out （ B） carried away （ C） carried on （ D） carried in 15 The managing director took the _ for the accident,
9、although it was not really his fault. （ A） guilt （ B） blame （ C） charge （ D） accusation 16 The police searched the building _ but failed to find out where the bomb was. （ A） throughout （ B） fully （ C） altogether （ D） thoroughly 17 Her father will never _ of her going to study in the United States al
10、one. （ A） prove （ B） agree （ C） admit （ D） approve 18 The professors lecture was so _ that some of the students fell asleep during the class. （ A） disturbing （ B） boring （ C） upsetting （ D） bothering 19 _ the complaint you have mad4 there is nothing we can do to improve the quality of these goods. （
11、 A） But for （ B） In view of （ C） In spite of （ D） In relation to 20 The newcomer was _ admittance to the classroom for not being properly dressed. （ A） rejected （ B） denied （ C） opposed （ D） refused 二、 Section II Cloze Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four ch
12、oices marked A, B, C and D. choices the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 21 An important factor of leadership is attraction. This does not mean attractiveness in the ordinary sense, for that is a born quality (21) our control. The leader has, nevertheless, to be a magnet; a central
13、figure towards whom people are (22) Magnetism in that sense depends, first of all, (23) being seen. There is a type of authority which can be (24) from behind closed doors, but that is not leadership. (25) there is movement and action, the true leader is in the forefront and may seem, indeed, to be
14、everywhere at once. He has to become a legend; the (26) for anecdotes, whether true or (27) , character. One of the simplest devices is to be absent (28) the occasion when the leader might be (29) to be there, enough in itself to start a rumor about the vital business (30) has detained him. To (31)
15、up for this, he can appeal when least expected, giving rise to another story about the interest he can display (32) things which other folks might (33) as trivial. With this gift for (34) curiosity the leader always combines a reluctance to talk about himself. His interest is (35) in other people; h
16、e questions them and encourages them to talk and then remembers all (36) is relevant. He never leaves a party (37) he has mentally formed a minimum dossier (档案 ) on (38) present, ensuring that he knows (39) to say when he meets them again. He is not artificially extrovert but he would usually rather
17、 listen (40) talk. Others realize gradually that his importance needs no proof. （ A） in （ B） beyond （ C） under （ D） of （ A） dragged （ B） united （ C） drawn （ D） underlined （ A） at （ B） in （ C） about （ D） on （ A） looked （ B） recognized （ C） exercised （ D） respected （ A） Where （ B） Though （ C） Because
18、（ D） When （ A） role （ B） subject （ C） joke （ D） supplement （ A） incorrect （ B） wrong （ C） false （ D） bad （ A） in （ B） on （ C） at （ D） under （ A） refused （ B） suspected （ C） expired （ D） expected （ A） which （ B） when （ C） what （ D） where （ A） take （ B） make （ C） come （ D） give （ A） on （ B） in （ C） ab
19、out （ D） at （ A） look （ B） think （ C） view （ D） deal （ A） decreasing （ B） possessing （ C） inspiring （ D） urging （ A） directly （ B） obscurely （ C） scarcely （ D） plainly （ A） which （ B） that （ C） what （ D） as （ A） after （ B） when （ C） until （ D） before （ A） someone （ B） everyone （ C） men （ D） one （ A）
20、 when （ B） where （ C） which （ D） what （ A） and （ B） or （ C） than （ D） but 三、 Section III Reading Comprehension Directions: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 41 One of the questions that is coming i
21、nto focus as we face growing scarcity of resources of many kinds in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development community, the conventional wisdom has been that the 2 billion people living in poor countries could never expect to reach the standard o
22、f living that most of us in North America enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on. At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super affluence as though there were no limits on how much we could consume. We make up 6 perc
23、ent of the worlds people; yet we consume one-third of the worlds resources. As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from within our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter. But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, “outsiders“ are going to have
24、 some say over the rate at which and terms under which we consume. We will no longer be able to think in terms of “our“ resources and “their“ resources, but only of common resources. As Americans consuming such a disproportionate share of the worlds resources, we have to question whether or not we c
25、an continue our pursuit of super affluence in a world of scarcity. We are now reaching the point where we must carefully examine the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumed. If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-b
26、eing is greatly enhanced. But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesnt make that much difference. In the eyes of most of the world today, Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. People elsewhere are beginning to ask why. This is the question wer
27、e going to have to answer, whether were trying to persuade countries to step up their exports of oil to us or trying to convince them that we ought to be permitted to maintain our share of the world fish catch. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition for, the worlds resources requires that we
28、 reexamine the way in which we relate to the rest of the world. It means we find ways of cutting back on resource consumption that is dependent on the resources and cooperation of other countries. We cannot expect people in these countries to concern themselves with our worsening energy and food sho
29、rtages unless we demonstrate some concern for the hunger, illiteracy and disease that are diminishing life for them. 41 The writer warns Americans that _. （ A） their excessive consumption has caused world resource exhaustion （ B） they are confronted with the problem of how to obtain more material go
30、ods （ C） their unfair share of the worlds resources should give way to proper division among countries （ D） they have to discard their cars for lack of fossil fuel in the world 42 According to the passage, it has long been believed that _. （ A） people in poor countries scarcely know how to enjoy a h
31、igh standard of living （ B） the worlds resources being limited, people in underdeveloped countries are bound to live a poor life （ C） most Americans know that the worlds resources of many kinds are becoming scarce （ D） it is impossible for all the people in the world to improve their living standard
32、s 43 By “common resources“ (Paragraph 2), the author means that _. （ A） the resources possessed by the United States should be shared by other countries （ B） Americans have the right to consume resources both from their home country and from abroad （ C） it is difficult to distinguish the resources p
33、ossessed by America from those possessed by other countries （ D） all the resources in the world should be shared by all the countries 44 The writer gives the example of bread to show that _. （ A） the United States has been much richer than any other countries （ B） the United States has acquired more
34、 than what it has contributed （ C） the United States has been too greedy in its pursuit of super affluence （ D） the United States is more capable of pursuing affluence than other countries 45 What is the conclusion of this passage? （ A） The United States will be isolated if it does not stop pursuing
35、 super affluence. （ B） The poor countries will no longer supply the United States with their goods. （ C） The United States should care about the well-being of other countries. （ D） It is time for the Americans to help the people in poor countries to improve their living standards. 46 Genetic enginee
36、ring holds great potential payoffs for farmers and consumers by making crops resistant to pests, diseases, and even chemicals used to kill surrounding weeds; but new research raises concerns that altering crops to withstand such threats may pose new risks-from none other than the weeds themselves. T
37、his is due to the weeds ability to acquire genes from the neighboring agricultural crops. Researchers found that when a weed cross-breeds with a farm-cultivated relative and thus acquires new genetic traits-possibly including artificial genes engineered to make the crop hardier-the hybrid weed can p
38、ass along those traits to future generations. “The result may be very hardy, hard-to-kill weeds,“ said Allison Snow, a plant ecologist at Ohio State University in Columbus who conducted the experiments over the past six years along with two colleagues. They presented their results last week at the a
39、nnual meeting of the Ecological Society of America in Madison, Wisconsin. The findings suggest that genetic engineering done with the aim of improving crops-growing the new genetic traits such as resistance to herbicides or pests- could ultimately have unintended and harmful consequences for the cro
40、ps if weeds acquire the same trait and use it to out-compete the crops. “Gene movement from crops to their wild relatives is an ongoing process that can be ultimately harmful to crops,“ said Snow. The results of the experiments challenge a common belief that hybrids gradually die out over several ge
41、nerations, Snow explained. “There has been an assumption that crop genes wouldnt persist in crop-weed hybrids“ because hybrids are thought to be less successful at reproducing, she said. However, Snows research contradicted this assumption: Hybrid wild radishes survived in all six generations that w
42、ere grown since the study began. Although the genetic traits the scientists monitored were natural and not genetically engineered, the findings nonetheless suggest that artificial improvements introduced into crops through genetic engineering could spread to weeds and become permanent traits of the
43、weed population. So strengthened, the weeds may pose a serious risk to the long-term health of agricultural crops. The danger exists in a number of crop plants-including rice, sunflower, sorghum, squash, and carrots-that are closely related to weeds with which they compete. Snow is concerned that th
44、e transfer of genes from crops to related weeds could rapidly render many herbicides (chemicals which kill weeds) ineffectual. That situation, she said, would be much like bacterial diseases acquiring resistance to antibiotics. Because plant hybrids arise in a single generation, however, it could ha
45、ppen much more quickly; “Modern agriculture is heavily dependent on herbicides,“ she said, “so people will notice when those dont work anymore.“ 46 The word “this“ (Paragraph 1) probably refers to _. （ A） threats posed by chemicals used to kill weeds （ B） risks of altering crops genetic make ups （ C
46、） dangers inherent in the nature of weeds （ D） the results of recent research 47 According to the text, genetic engineering can be used to _. （ A） kill weeds through cross-breeding （ B） make crops hardier （ C） improve the yield and quality of most crops （ D） make crops resistant to chemical fertiliz
47、ers 48 That genetically modified crops could have harmful effects can be deduced from the fact that _. （ A） gene movement between cultivated plants and wild ones is inevitable （ B） new research shows that genetically modified plants are likely to develop into weeds （ C） cross-breeding is a natural p
48、rocess （ D） hybrids are generally more successful at breeding than natural plants 49 The potential for hazardous weeds developing from genetically modified plants is greatest for _. （ A） crops who rely on herbicides and pesticides for effective harvests （ B） areas in which cross-breeding is kept to
49、a minimum （ C） agricultural crops grown for their content （ D） crops that are closely related to weeds 50 It is implied that the main impact that gene transfer between crops and weeds could have is. （ A） the rapid development of unintended plant hybrids （ B） the collapse of the agricultural industry （ C） the development of pest and herbicide-resistant weeds （ D） the difficulty to determine the given nature of current
