1、Designation: C610 11Standard Specification forMolded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe ThermalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C610; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers molded expanded perli
3、teblock, fittings, and pipe thermal insulation intended for use onsurfaces with temperatures between 80 to 1200F (27 to649C).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for informat
4、ion onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory
5、limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe G
6、uarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Prop-erties of Block-Type Thermal InsulationC302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Pre-formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationC303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal
7、InsulationC335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of PreformedHigh-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soak-ing HeatC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface
8、Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC421 Test Method for Tumbling Friability of PreformedBlock-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type ThermalInsulationC450 Practice for Fabrication of Thermal Insulating FittingCovers for NPS Piping, and Vessel LaggingC518 Test Method for Steady-State Th
9、ermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of ThermalInsulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and TubingC795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-tact with Austenitic Stainless SteelC1045 Practice for CalculatingTherma
10、lTransmission Prop-erties Under Steady-State ConditionsC1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationC1616 Test Method for Determining the Moisture Contentof Organic and Inorganic Insulation Materials by WeightE84 Test Method for Surfac
11、e Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a VerticalTube Furnace at 750C3. Standard Shapes, Sizes, and Dimensions3.1 Molded expanded perlite block, fitting, and pipe thermalinsulation shall be as follows:3.1.1 BlockBlock shall be furnished in lengths
12、 of either36 or 39.4 in. (914 or 1000 mm), widths of 6 in. (152 mm), 12in. (305 mm), 18 in. (457 mm), or 24 in. (610 mm), and inthickness from 112 to 6 in. (38 to 152 mm) in increments of12in. (13 mm).3.1.2 Pipe InsulationMolded expanded perlite pipe insu-lation shall be supplied either as hollow cy
13、lindrical shapes splitin half lengthwise (in a plane including the cylindrical axis) orcurved segments. The pipe insulation shall be furnished in1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 onHomogene
14、ous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C610 10. DOI:10.1520/C0610-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service
15、 at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.sections or segments in lengths of either 36 or
16、 39.4 in. (914 or1000 mm) to fit standard sizes of pipe and tubing, and innominal thickness from 1 to 4 in. (25 to 102 mm) in12-in.(13-mm) increments. Inner and outer diameters of multilayerconstruction shall be specified. Inner and outer diameters shallbe in accordance with those standard dimension
17、s specified inPractice C585. Since outside diameter tolerances differ be-tween individual manufacturing processes, it is acceptable tohave pipe insulation furnished in two or more layers nested bythe manufacturer. The purchaser shall consult the manufacturerfor specific requirements.3.1.3 FittingsMo
18、lded (expanded insulation fittings shallconform to the inner and outer diameters in accordance withPractice C585. Mitered fittings shall be in accordance withPractice C450.4. Description4.1 Compositionmolded expanded perlite block, fitting,and pipe thermal insulation shall be composed principally of
19、expanded perlite and silicate binders may contain reinforcingfibers.5. Dimensional Tolerances5.1 GeneralThe average tolerances for length, width, andthickness shall comply with the requirements shown in Table 1.5.2 Pipe InsulationThe following additional tolerancesapply to perlite pipe insulation su
20、pplied as half sections:5.2.1 Fit and ClosureWhen fitted to the appropriate sizepipe, the longitudinal seam of the pipe insulation shall close towithin116 in. (1.6 mm) along the entire length of the section.5.2.2 ConcentricityThe inner bore of the pipe insulationshall be concentric with the outer cy
21、lindrical surface. Thedeviation from concentricity shall not exceed18 in. (3.2 mm)or 5 % of the wall thickness, whichever is greater.5.2.3 Half-Section BalanceThe plane formed by the splitbetween half sections shall include the cylindrical axis. Devia-tion of the split plane from the cylinder axis o
22、ver the 36 or39.4-in. (914 or 1000-mm) length shall not exceed18 in. (3.2mm).6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 Since some requirements for this material are not easilydefined by a numerical value, the insulation shall not havevisible defects that will adversely affect its service qualities.7
23、. Physical Requirements7.1 The insulation shall conform to the physical require-ments in Table 2.8. Sampling8.1 The insulation shall be sampled in accordance withPractice C390. Specific provision for sampling shall be agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier.9. Qualification Requirements9.1
24、 The following requirements are generally employed forpurpose of initial material or product qualification:9.1.1 Flexural strength,9.1.2 Compressive resistance,9.1.3 Surface burning characteristics,9.1.4 Linear shrinkage after soaking heat,9.1.5 Water absorption after heat aging,9.1.6 Apparent therm
25、al conductivity,9.1.7 Hot-surface performance,9.1.8 Stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel,and9.1.9 Weight loss by tumbling.10. Acceptance Requirements10.1 The following requirements are generally employedfor purposes of acceptance sampling of lots or shipments ofqualified products:
26、10.1.1 Density,10.1.2 Dimensions,10.1.3 Workmanship, and10.1.4 Moisture content.11. Test Methods11.1 The properties enumerated in this specification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following test methods:11.1.1 Density:11.1.1.1 Block InsulationTest Method C303.11.1.1.2 Pipe InsulationTest
27、Method C302, Procedure A.11.1.2 Apparent Thermal Conductivity:11.1.2.1 Block InsulationTest Method C177 per PracticeC1058 large temperature difference method or Test MethodC518, using 112 612-in. (38 6 13-mm) thick specimens.11.1.2.2 Pipe InsulationTest Method C335, using 112 612 in. (386 13-mm) thi
28、ck specimens of pipe insulation assupplied for fit to a 3-in. (89 mm) nominal iron pipe.11.1.2.3 Apparent thermal conductivity versus mean tem-perature shall be calculated in accordance with Practice C1045.Determinations shall be made at four or more mean tempera-tures. Two of the test mean temperat
29、ures shall be within 50F(28C) of the highest and lowest mean temperature specified inTable 2. The other two determinations shall be made at meantemperatures spaced equally within the specified range.All testtemperatures shall be selected in accordance with PracticeC1058 and reported in the test resu
30、lts. The results of these testsshall be interpolated through reasonable curve fitting or nu-merical techniques, to establish the apparent thermal conduc-tivity at the specified mean temperature.11.1.3 Linear Shrinkage After Heat SoakingRefer to TestMethod C356. The test temperature shall be 1200F (6
31、49C).11.1.4 Flexural Strength (Block Insulation Only)TestMethods C203 Method 1 (3 Point), Procedure D, test 2in.(50mm) thick specimens. The flexural strength of pipe insula-tion cannot be tested.TABLE 1 Dimensional TolerancesBlock PipeLength 618 in. (3.2 mm) 618 in. (3.2 mm)Width 618 in. (3.2 mm) .T
32、hickness 618 in. (3.2 mm) 618 in. (3.2 mm)Inner Diameter . in accordance with Practice C585Outer Diameter . in accordance with Practice C585C610 11211.1.5 Compressive Resistance (Block Insulation Only)Test Method C165, ProcedureA. Test nominal 112 612-in. (386 13mm) thick specimens.11.1.6 Weight Los
33、s by TumblingTest Method C421.11.1.7 Moisture ContentTest Method C1616. The valuereported should be the numerical average of the calculatedmoisture content of four specimens rounded to the nearest 1 %.11.1.8 Water Absorption After Heat Aging:11.1.8.1 ScopeThis test method covers a laboratory pro-ced
34、ure for evaluating the moisture resistance of molded ex-panded perlite block thermal insulation when exposed to onespecific operating temperature.11.1.8.2 Significance and Use:(1) Molded perlite insulation products are formulated to beresistant to water absorption. It is important that the materials
35、retain a large proportion of their water resistance even afterexposure to elevated temperatures.(2) This test method is used to determine the water resistanceafter submersion of perlite insulation materials after exposureto soaking heat.11.1.8.3 Test SpecimensSpecimens are to be 6 618 by312 618-in.
36、(152 6 3by896 3-mm) by 2 618-in. (51 6 3-mm) thick perlite block. Two specimens are required. Markeach specimen for identification. The density of each specimenmust be within the allowable range as specified in Table 1.11.1.8.4 Apparatus:(1) Steel Rule, graduation in116 in.(2) Electric Oven, capable
37、 of maintaining temperatures ashigh as 600F (316C) with a 6 5 % accuracy.11.1.8.5 Procedure:(1) Place one specimen in the electric oven. The secondblock will be retained as a control specimen.(2) Operate the oven at 600F (316C) 6 10F (6C) for aminimum of 24 h. Place the control specimen and the heat
38、TABLE 2 Physical RequirementsABlock and PipeDensity, lb/ft3(kg/m3)max 15 (240)Flexural Strength, lb/in.2(kPa) min 45 (310) Block onlyStress corrosion Cracking of Austentic Stainless Steel pass passCompressive Resistance at 5% Deformationor Yield whichever occurs first, lb/in.2(kPa)min 70 (483) Block
39、 onlyWeight Loss by Tumbling, % loss in Weight after 10 minutes max 70Moisture content,B% by weight max 10Linear Shrinkage,% at 1200F (649C) for 24 h max length 2width 2thickness 8Apparent Thermal ConductivityCBtu-in./h-ft2F (W/m/K), maxMeanTemperatureApp. ThermalConductivity byTest Method C177,C335
40、,orC518100F (38C) 0.48 (0.069)200F (93C) 0.53 (0.076)300F (149C) 0.59 (0.085)400F (204C) 0.64 (0.092)500F (260C) 0.69 (0.099)600F (316C) 0.75 (0.108)700F (371C) 0.80 (0.115)Water Absorption of Thermal Insulationafter heat aging at 600F and 48 h Water Immersion,weight gain %max 50Surface Burning Char
41、acteristicsFlame spread max 0Smoke Developed max 5Non CombustibleNon Combustible Pass PassHot-surface PerformanceWarpage, in. (mm) max14 (6) Block onlyCracking No cracks completely through the insulation thickness. Surface cracks on hot face are acceptable.APhysical property requirements shown are f
42、or the materials in the as-manufactured condition. They may or may not represent the values of these properties undercertain in-service conditions, depending on the type of installation and the ultimate temperature exposure.BWater absorption values shown are for insulation in the as-manufactured con
43、dition. Those portions of the insulation exposed to elevated temperatures may not retaintheir water absorption characteristics.CThe thermal transmission properties of perlite block and pipe insulation may vary with temperature, temperature gradient, thickness, and shape. Note that the apparenttherma
44、l conductivity requirements in the table are based on samples tested under the conditions specified in Test Methods C177, C335,orC518. These are comparativevalues for establishing specification compliance. They may not represent the installed performance of the insulation under use conditions differ
45、ing substantially from testconditions.C610 113treated specimens in a controlled environment of 73 6 2F (236 1C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.NOTE 1Precaution: In addition to other precautions, wear appropri-ate hand protection to avoid injury when removing hot specimens from theoven.(3) After the
46、specimens have cooled for at least 12 h in thecontrolled environment, weigh each of the specimens to thenearest 0.1 g.(4) Completely immerse each specimen so that a head of 1in. of distilled water at ambient temperature is maintained fora minimum of 48 h. Withdraw each specimen and quickly wipeoff e
47、xcess surface moisture with a damp cloth. Immediatelyweigh each specimen to the nearest 0.1 g.11.1.8.6 CalculationCalculate the percent of water ab-sorption by weight, using the weights obtained after heatsoaking as the dry weight. The calculation should be asfollows:water absorption 5 100 3 WAI2 WA
48、HS!/WAHS(1)where:WAI= after immersion specimen weight, andWAHS= after heat soak specimen weight.11.1.8.7 ReportThe report shall include the density of thespecimens and the water absorption after immersion.(1) Precision and BiasPrecision and bias have not yetbeen determined but are being investigated
49、. A precision andbias statement will be included when the proper data have beenobtained and analyzed.11.1.9 Surface Burning Characteristics Test Method E84.11.1.10 Hot-Surface PerformanceTest Method C411 at1200F (649C).11.1.11 Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic StainlessSteelTest Method C795 for preproduction qualification.11.1.12 Non-CombustibleTest Method E136.12. Inspection12.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon be-tween the purchaser and the supplier as part of the purc
