1、Designation: C700 18Standard Specification forVitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, andPerforated1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C700; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishe
3、s the criteria for acceptance,prior to installation, of extra strength and standard strengthvitrified clay pipe and fittings to be used for the conveyance ofsewage, industrial wastes, and storm water; and extra strengthperforated and standard strength perforated vitrified clay pipeto be used for und
4、erdrainage, filter fields, leaching fields, andsimilar subdrainage installations.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.NOTE
5、 1Attention is called to Specification C425, Test Method C828,Test Method C1091, Test Methods C301, and Terminology C896.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to theTest Method portion, 5.2 5.2.3.2 of this standard: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,i
6、f any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, andenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internation
7、ally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C301 Test M
8、ethods for Vitrified Clay PipeC425 Specification for Compression Joints for Vitrified ClayPipe and FittingsC828 Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of VitrifiedClay Pipe LinesC896 Terminology Relating to Clay ProductsC1091 Test Method for Hydrostatic Infiltration Testing ofVitrified Clay Pipe Line
9、s3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsClay, fire clay, shale, and surface clay areas defined in Terminology C896.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Vitrified clay pipe shall be manufactured from fire clay,shale, surface clay, or a combination of these materials that,when formed into pipe and fired to suitable
10、temperatures,yields a product that conforms to this specification.5. Physical Properties5.1 Bearing Strength:5.1.1 Pipe shall meet the bearing strength requirements ofTable 1.5.1.2 The number of specimens to be tested shall not exceed0.5 % of the number of pipe of each size furnished, except thatno
11、less than two specimens shall be tested.5.1.3 If any of the test specimens fail to meet therequirements, the manufacturer will be allowed a retest on twoadditional specimens for each one that failed. The pipe will beacceptable if all the retest specimens meet the test requirement.5.1.4 If, subsequen
12、t to an initial pipe strength failure, theaccuracy of the testing equipment is questioned, at the requestof the manufacturer, the equipment shall be recalibrated and aretest made or a retest made upon equipment of knownaccuracy.5.2 Hydrostatic Pressure Test or Absorption Test:5.2.1 The manufacturer
13、shall at his option, apply either ahydrostatic pressure test or an absorption test to all of the testspecimens in each size and run of the pipe.5.2.2 Hydrostatic Pressure Test:5.2.2.1 When the pipe is subjected to an internal hydrostaticpressure of 10 psi (68.9 KPa) for the elapsed time shown in the
14、1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 onVitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.20 onMethods of Test and SpecificationsCurrent edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition ap
15、proved in 2013 as C700 13. DOI:10.1520/C0700-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright AST
16、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Stan
17、dards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1following table, there shall be no leaking on the exterior of thepipe. Moisture appearing on the surface of the pipe in the formof beads adhering to the surface shall not be consider
18、edleakage. However, moisture which starts to run on the pipeshall be construed as leakage regardless of quantity.Hydrostatic Pressure Test TimeThickness of Barrelin. (mm)Test Time (min.)Up to and including 1 (25) 7Over 1 (25) including 112 (38) 9Over 112 (38) including 2 (51) 12Over 2 (51) including
19、 212 (64) 15Over 212 (64) including 3 (76) 18Over 3 (76) 215.2.2.2 If any of the test specimens fail to meet the Hydro-static Pressure Test requirements, a retest will be allowed andthe pipe accepted as provided in 5.1.3.5.2.3 Absorption Test:5.2.3.1 The absorption of vitrified clay pipe shall not e
20、xceed8%.5.2.3.2 If any of the test specimens fail to meet the absorp-tion requirements, a retest will be allowed and the pipeaccepted as provided in 5.1.3.5.3 Acid Resistance:5.3.1 This test is used to determine the resistance of pipe tothe action of acids encountered in sanitary sewers. Test result
21、sshall be provided when requested.5.3.2 Test specimens shall be representative of the materialof the pipe supplied.5.3.3 The loss of material from the test specimen shall notexceed 0.25%.5.3.4 The test shall be in accordance with Test MethodsC301.5.3.5 If any of the test specimens fail to meet the a
22、cidresistance requirements, the manufacturer will be allowed toretest two additional specimens. The pipe will be acceptable ifall retest specimens meet the test requirements.6. Allowable Limits for Dimensional Variation6.1 Sizes and dimensions of pipe are as described in Table2.6.2 The inside diamet
23、er shall not vary from a true circle bymore than 3 % of its nominal diameter measured at any onelocation along the pipe barrel.6.3 The average inside diameter shall be determined bytaking any two 90 (1.6-rad) opposing measurements andaveraging the readings.7. Straightness7.1 Pipe shall not deviate f
24、rom straight by more than116in./ft (5 mm/m) of length when the maximum offset ismeasured from the concave side of the pipe.7.2 Measurement shall be taken by placing a straightedge onthe concave side of the full length of the pipe barrel, excludingthe spigot joint material or socket, and measuring th
25、e maxi-mum distance between the straightedge and concave side of thepipe.8. Blisters8.1 Pipe of nominal sizes from 3 in. (76 mm) to 18 in. (455mm), shall have no blister with a dimension exceeding 3 in. (76mm), and no blister or pimple shall project more than18 in.(3.2 mm) above the surface of the p
26、ipe.8.2 Pipe of nominal sizes over 18 in. (455 mm), shall haveno blister exceeding 2 in./ft (165 mm/m) of internal diameter,and no blister or pimple shall project above the surface of thepipe more than18 in./ft (10 mm/m) of internal diameter.8.3 Pipe shall have no broken blisters.9. Fractures and Cr
27、acks9.1 There shall be no fractures or cracks visible to theunaided eye passing through the barrel or socket, except that aTABLE 1 Minimum Strength (3-Edge Bearing)NominalSize, in.(mm)Extra StrengthVitrified Clay PipeStandard StrengthVitrified Clay PipePerforated Vitrified Clay PipeExtra Strength St
28、andard Strengthlbf/linearftkN/linearmlbf/linearftkN/linearmlbf/linearftkN/linearmlbf/linearftkN/linearm3 (76) 2000 29 . . . . . .4 (100) 2000 29 1200 18 1250 18 1000 155 (125) 2000 29 1200 18 1250 18 1000 156 (150) 2000 29 1200 18 1600 23 1000 158 (205) 2200 32 1400 20 1600 23 1000 1510 (255) 2400 3
29、5 1600 23 1600 23 1100 1612 (305) 2600 38 1800 26 1800 26 1200 1815 (380) 2900 42 2000 29 2200 32 1400 2018 (455) 3300 48 2200 32 2640 39 1700 2521 (535) 3850 56 2400 35 3100 45 2000 2924 (610) 4400 64 2600 38 3520 51 2400 3527 (685) 4700 69 . . . . . .30 (760) 5000 73 . . . . . .33 (840) 5500 80 .
30、. . . . .36 (915) 6000 88 . . . . . .39 (990) 6600 96 . . . . . .42 (1065) 7000 102 . . . . . .48 (1220) 8000 117 . . . . . .C700 182single crack at the spigot end of the pipe not exceeding 75 %of the depth of the socket, or a single fracture in the socket notexceeding 3 in. (76 mm) around the circu
31、mference nor 2 in. (51mm) lengthwise is permitted.9.2 Chips or fractures on the interior of the pipe shall notexceed 2 in. (51 mm) in length, 1 in. (25 mm) in width, and adepth of one fourth of the thickness of the barrel.10. Finish of Ends10.1 The ends of pipe shall be square with their longitudina
32、laxes, within the tolerances provided in Table 2.11. Perforations11.1 Perforations shall be circular and cleanly cut,14 in. (6.4mm) in diameter, arranged 3 614 in. (76 6 6.4 mm) center tocenter in rows parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe.Rows shall be arranged in two equal groups on each s
33、ide of thevertical center line of the pipe. The lowermost rows ofperforations shall be separated by an arc of 90 (1.6 rad)measured across the bottom of the pipe. The uppermost rows ofperforations shall be separated by an arc of 200 (3.5 rad),measured across the top of the pipe. Spacing of rows betwe
34、enthese limits shall be uniform. The total number of rows ofperforations for 4, 6, and 8-in. (100, 150, and 205-mm) pipeshall be 4; for 10, 12, and 15-in. (255, 305, and 380-mm) pipeshall be 6; and for 18, 21, and 24-in. (455, 535, and 610-mm)shall be 8.11.2 The spigot end of bell-and-spigot perfora
35、ted pipe shallnot be perforated for a distance equal to the depth of the socket.12. Fittings12.1 Fittings shall correspond in all respects with thedimensions specified for pipe of the corresponding size.Dimensional tolerances of fittings shall be the same as forstraight pipe. All fittings shall conf
36、orm to the requirements forpipe described in Sections 810.12.2 Slants shall have their spigot ends cut at an angle ofapproximately 60 (1.0 rad) or 45 (0.8 rad) with the longitu-dinal axis.12.3 Curves shall have arcs of approximately 90 (1.6 rad),45 (0.8 rad), 30 (0.5 rad), or 22.5 (0.4 rad) as requi
37、red.12.4 Fittings shall be made to such lengths as will accom-modate the jointing system provided. Tee and wye fittings shallbe furnished with spurs of the size specified, securely andcompletely fastened to the barrel of the fitting in the process ofmanufacture. The spurs of tee fittings shall have
38、their axesperpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fitting. The spur ofthe wye fittings shall have their axes at angles of approximately60 (1.0 rad), or 45 (0.8 rad) to the longitudinal axis of thefitting, measured from the socket or bell end of the fitting. Thebarrel of each spur shall be of s
39、ufficient length to permitmaking a proper joint.12.5 Channel pipe and channel fittings shall be approximatehalf sections of the corresponding size of straight pipe andfittings.13. Test Methods13.1 Perform tests in accordance with Test Methods C301.14. Inspection14.1 All pipe shall be subject to insp
40、ection by a competentinspector employed by the purchaser. Inspection shall be madepromptly at the factory or at the point of delivery. Rejectedpipe shall not be defaced, but shall be replaced by themanufacturer or seller without additional cost, with pipe thatmeets the requirements of this specifica
41、tion.15. Product Marking15.1 Each length of pipe shall bear the initials or name ofthe manufacturer, and the location of the plant. The words“Extra Strength” or the symbol “ES” shall be included, whenapplicable, to identify the class of pipe. The markings shall beTABLE 2 Available Limits for Dimensi
42、onal VariationNominal Size, in. (mm)ALaying Length Limit of MinusVariation, in./ft (mm/m)Difference in Length of TwoOpposite Sides Max, in. (mm)Limit of Minus Variations fromNominal Size in Average InsideDiameter, in. (mm)3 (76)14 (21)516 (8)316 (5)4 (100)14 (21)516 (8)316 (5)5 (125)14 (21)38 (10)14
43、 (6)6 (150)14 (21)38 (10)14 (6)8 (205)14 (21)716 (11)516 (8)10 (255)14 (21)716 (11)38 (10)12 (305)14 (21)716 (11)716 (11)15 (380)14 (21)12 (13)916 (14)18 (455)14 (21)12 (13)1116 (17)21 (535)38 (31)916 (14)1316 (21)24 (610)38 (31)916 (14)1516 (24)27 (685)38 (31)58 (16) 1116 (27)30 (760)38 (31)58 (16)
44、 1316 (30)33 (840)38 (31)58 (16) 1516 (33)36 (915)38 (31)1116 (17) 1716 (37)39 (990)38 (31)34 (19) 1716 (37)42 (1065)38 (31)78 (22) 1716 (37)48 (1220)38 (31)78 (22) 1716 (37)ASpecifiers should be aware that all pipe sizes are not universally available.C700 183indented on the exterior of the pipe or
45、permanently marked byother means at the time of manufacture. All markings shall beclearly legible to meet the identification requirements.16. Keywords16.1 absorption test; bearing strength; bell; chemical resis-tance; clay; corrosion resistance; drains; fittings; leachate;leaching fields; perforated
46、 pipe; pipe; plain end; sewers; spigot;vitrifiedSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThese requirements apply only to Federal/Military procurement, not domestic sales or transfers.S1. Government/Military ProcurementS1.1 Responsibility for InspectionUnless otherwise speci-fied in the contract or purchase order,
47、 the producer is respon-sible for the performance of all inspection and test require-ments specified herein. The producer may use his own or anyother suitable facilities for the performance of the inspectionand test requirements specified herein, unless the purchaserdisapproves. The purchaser shall
48、have the right to perform anyof the inspections and tests set forth in this specification wheresuch inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that materialconforms to prescribed requirements.NOTE S1.1In U.S. Federal contracts, the contractor is responsible forinspection.S2. Packaging and Marking fo
49、r U.S. Government Procure-mentS2.1 Packaging Unless otherwise specified in thecontract, the materials shall be packaged in accordance withthe suppliers standard practice in a manner ensuring arrival atdestination in satisfactory condition and which will be accept-able to the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shallcomply with Uniform Freight Classification rules or NationalMotor Freight Classification rules.S2.2 MarkingMarking for shipment shall be in accor-dance with Fed. Std. No. 123
