1、Designation: C 901 01Standard Specification forPrefabricated Masonry Panels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 901; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthes
2、es indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the structural design and qual-ity control of
3、fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearingprefabricated masonry panels. Methods of prefabrication, fielderection, and jointing are not covered in this specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 82 Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Re-inforcement2A 116 Specificat
4、ion for Metallic-Coated Steel Woven WireFence Fabric3A 153 Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron andSteel Hardware3A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-ResistingChromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip4A 185 Specification for Steel Welded Wire, Fabric, Plain,for Concrete Reinfo
5、rcement2A 615/A 615M Specification for Deformed and PlainBillet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement2A 616/A 616M Specification for Rail-Steel Deformed andPlain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement5A 617/A 617M Specification for Axle-Steel Deformed andPlain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement5B 227 Specific
6、ation for Hard-Drawn Copper-Clad SteelWire6C 34 Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing WallTile7C 55 Specification for Concrete Brick7C 62 Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry UnitsMade from Clay or Shale)7C 67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick andStructural Clay Tile7C
7、73 Specification for Calcium Silicate Brick (Sand-LimeBrick)7C 90 Specification for Loadbearing Concrete MasonryUnits7C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)8C 126 Specification for Ceramic Glazed Structural ClayFacing Tile, F
8、acing Brick, and Solid Masonry Units7C 140 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing ConcreteMasonry Units and Related Units7C 212 Specification for Structural Clay Facing Tile7C 216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry UnitsMade from Clay or Shale)7C 270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonr
9、y7C 476 Specification for Grout for Masonry7C 652 Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow MasonryUnits Made from Clay or Shale)7C 744 Specification for Prefaced Concrete and CalciumSilicate Masonry Units7C 780 Test Method for Preconstruction and ConstructionEvaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinfor
10、ced UnitMasonry7C 1019 Test Method of Sampling and Testing Grout7C 1314 Test Method of Compressive Strength of MasonryPrisms7C 1357 Test Methods for Evaluating Masonry BondStrength7E 72 Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Panels forBuilding Construction8E 447 Test Methods for Compressive Strengt
11、h of Labora-tory Constructed Masonry Prisms9E 518 Test Methods for Flexural Bond Strength ofMasonry71This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 onManufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC15.05 on Masonry Assemblies.Current edition approved A
12、ug. 10, 2001. Published October 2001. Originallypublished as C 901 79. Last previous edition C 901 93a.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.5Discontinued. See 1998 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04.6Annua
13、l Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.8Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.9Discontinued. See 1999 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
14、3. Materials and Manufacture3.1 Masonry UnitsMasonry units shall conform to thefollowing applicable specifications:3.1.1 BrickSpecification C 62 for building brick, Specifi-cation C 216 for facing brick, Specification C 126 for ceramicglazed structural clay tile, facing brick, and solid masonryunits
15、, and Specification C 652 for hollow brick.3.1.2 Concrete Masonry UnitsSpecification C 55 for con-crete building brick, Specification C 90 for hollow load-bearing concrete masonry units, and Specification C 744 forprefaced concrete masonry units.3.1.3 Calcium Silicate Face BrickSpecification C 73 fo
16、rcalcium silicate face brick.3.1.4 Structural Clay TileSpecification C 212 for struc-tural clay facing tile, Specification C 34 for structural clayload-bearing wall tile, and Specification C 126 for ceramicglazed structural clay tile, facing brick, and solid masonryunits.3.2 Mortar and GroutMortar a
17、nd grout shall conform tothe following applicable specifications:3.2.1 MortarSpecification C 270 for mortar for unit ma-sonry.3.2.2 Reinforced MasonrySpecification C 476 for groutfor masonry.3.2.3 Other mortars may be used, provided properties forsuch construction are established by tests made in ac
18、cordancewith Test Methods E 72.3.3 Metal Ties, Fittings, Anchors, Lifting Inserts, and OtherEmbedded MetalAll metal embedded in masonry walls shallcomply with the applicable specifications in accordance with3.4 and, except for structural reinforcement, shall be coatedwith a corrosion-resistant mater
19、ial, such as copper, zinc, orother material having equivalent or better corrosion-resistantqualities, or shall be made of stainless steel type 304 or 316(see Specification A 167).10Upon request by the purchaser,evidence satisfactory to the purchaser shall be provided that allcorrosion-resistant meta
20、l is adequate in the atmospheric andmaterial environment in which it is to be used.3.3.1 Zinc coatings on iron or steel shall conform to ClassB-1, B-2, or B-3 of Specification A 153.3.3.2 Zinc coating on wire shall conform to Class 3 ofSpecification A 116.3.3.3 Copper-coated wire shall conform to Gr
21、ade 30HS ofSpecification B 227.3.3.4 Stainless steel shall conform to type 304 or type 316 inSpecification A 167.3.4 Reinforcement Reinforcement shall conform to thefollowing applicable specifications:3.4.1 Specification A 82 for cold-drawn steel wire for con-crete reinforcement.3.4.2 Specification
22、A 185 for welded steel wire fabric forconcrete reinforcement.3.4.3 Specification A 615 or A 615M for deformed andplain billet-steel bars for concrete reinforcement.3.4.4 Specification A 616 for rail-steel deformed and plainbars for concrete reinforcement.3.4.5 Specification A 617/A 617M for axle-ste
23、el deformedand plain bars for concrete reinforcement.4. Structural Design4.1 GeneralStructural design of panels shall be per-formed in accordance with the provisions of the applicablelocal building code and the requirements of this specification.In the absence of a local building code, the requireme
24、nts of anational model building code shall govern. The applicable codeshall be identified on the plans. Structural design of panelsshall consider all loading and restraint conditions from initialfabrication to in-service conditions in the completed structure,including storage, transportation, and er
25、ection. The designloads shall be of the type and magnitude required by theapplicable building code. Panels and connections required toresist wind, seismic, or other dynamic loads shall be designedto resist the required positive and negative forces in alldirections. The joints between dissimilar mate
26、rials within eachpanel, between panels, and between panels and their structuralsupports shall be designed to accommodate differential move-ment and deflections of each material, panel, and adjacentbuilding elements.4.2 Lifting DevicesLifting devices and their connectionsto the panels shall have an u
27、ltimate capacity of four times thedead weight of the appropriate portion of the panel. Inclinationof the lifting forces shall be considered.5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations5.1 Standard DimensionsThe standard nominal widthsand heights of the panels shall be in multiples of nominalindividual m
28、asonry unit heights and lengths. The nominalthickness of panels shall be the sum of the nominal thicknessesof the masonry units in the panels plus the nominal thicknessof cavities, if any. The specified dimensions may be less thanthe required nominal dimensions by the thickness of onemortar joint bu
29、t not by more than12 in. (13 mm).5.2 Custom DimensionsFor custom installations, all di-mensions of panels shall be as shown on the drawings or asspecified.5.3 Thickness of panelsThe actual thickness of the panelsshall be as required for adequate strength, fire resistance, orother design criteria for
30、 the type of construction and occupancyas required by the applicable building code.5.4 Dimensional TolerancesBased on actual dimensions,a prefabricated masonry wall panel shall not vary from thespecified face dimensions by more than the following:10 ft (3.05 m) or under618 in. (3.2 mm)10 to 20 ft (3
31、.5 to 6.1 m)+18 in. (3.2 mm) or 316 in. (4.8 mm)20 to 30 ft (6.096 to 9.144 m)+18 in. (3.2 mm) or 14 in. (6.4 mm)For each additional 10 ft (3.5 m)6116 in. (1.6 mm)The maximum permissible variation from the specifiedthickness of prefabricated masonry panels shall be not greaterthan 18 in. (3.2 mm) or
32、 +14 in. (6.4 mm). Prefabricatedmasonry panels shall have maximum out-of-square differentialdimensions (difference in length of the two diagonal facemeasurements) not greater than18 in./6 ft (3.2 mm/1.83 m) noran absolute maximum of greater than14 in. (6.4 mm).10In masonry panels, utilizing modified
33、 mortar or mortar admixtures, protectionof structural reinforcement may be required, and the manufacturers of such materialsshould be consulted.C9010126. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 GeneralFor facing panels, the workmanship and ap-pearance shall be equal to or better than that of the appr
34、ovedsample. The method of fabrication shall be such as to preventmisalignment of individual units, and the joints shall be evenand aligned properly within each panel and with adjacentpanels. Mortar, grout, or other stains on all panel surfaces to beleft exposed shall be removed before the panel is d
35、elivered tothe job site. Panels shall be protected from further stainingduring storage, shipment, and erection.6.2 WarpageThe faces of the panels shall not be out ofplane more than18 in. (3.2 mm) for each 6 ft (1.83 m) of eitherheight or width.6.3 Location of Inserts and FittingsThe location of an-c
36、hors, inserts, and lifting and connection devices shall not varyfrom center-line location shown on the plans or shop drawings,or both, by more than38 in. (9.5 mm).7. Quality Assurance7.1 Preparation of Materials:7.1.1 BrickTest the initial rate of absorption (suction) ofthe brick in accordance with
37、Test Methods C 67, and whenrequired, adjust the initial rate of absorption by wetting theunits prior to pouring grout or spreading mortar.7.1.2 Mortar and GroutProportion the mortar and groutby weight or volume on the basis of the unit weights of theingredients as given in Specifications C 270 or C
38、476. If ahigh-bond mortar admixture is used, proportion and mix themortar and grout in accordance with the admixture manufac-turers specifications.7.2 Quality Control Tests:7.2.1 Subject a sample of at least ten specimens of masonryunits for each 50 000 units of a given type used in thefabrication o
39、f panels to the compressive strength and absorp-tion tests in accordance with Test Methods C 67 or C 140.7.2.2 Mortar and GroutAfter the mortar or grout formu-lation, or both, has been established, sample a representativebatch of each, if both are used, and mold not less than twelvestandard 2-in. (5
40、0-mm) cube specimens of each, if both areused, following the procedures contained in the applicablesections of Test Method C 109 and Test Methods C 1019,respectively.7.2.2.1 Test three specimens, each at 1, 3, 7, and 28 days,and determine the relationship between the early age strengthsand the 28-da
41、y strength for both mortar and grout, if both areused. Repeat this procedure whenever the mortar or groutformulation is changed.7.2.2.2 Thereafter, during production, sample at least onerepresentative batch of mortar or grout, or both, each day, andmold three cube specimens of each, if both are used
42、, for testingat ages of 1, 3, or 7 days. Follow the applicable portions of TestMethod C 780 and Test Methods C 1019, respectively.7.2.3 Panel Assemblage Test a sample of specimens, thatis, unreinforced assemblages representative of the full-sizepanel, for compressive and flexural strength. Test one
43、sampleof three compression specimens for every 5000 ft2of panelproduction or every story height. Test one sample of threeflexural specimens for each days work on panels.7.2.3.1 Specimen configuration for compressive and flex-ural tests shall be as specified in the appropriate ASTMstandard. Testing s
44、hall be conducted in accordance with TestMethods C 1314, E 518, or C 1357.NOTE 1Good correlation has not been established between the resultsof flexural prism tests of masonry and those of full-size wall sectionsunder a variety of loading, slenderness, and bending conditions. Qualitycontrol flexural
45、 tests of prisms should be supplemented initially withuniform transverse load tests of full-size wall panels in accordance withTest Methods E 72.8. Identification and Marking8.1 Each prefabricated member shall be marked to indicateits location in the structure, its top surface, and the date offabric
46、ation. Identification marks shall correspond to thoseshown on the placing drawings.9. Shop Drawings9.1 Shop drawings shall consist of fabrication drawings andplacement drawings that may be separate or combined into oneset of shop drawings.9.2 Fabrication drawings shall show all details and locationo
47、f reinforcement, inserts, anchors, bearing seats, lifting inserts,coursing, size and shape of openings, and panel size and shape.9.3 Placing drawings shall show panel identification,panel location, reference dimensions, panel dimensions, di-mension of joints between panels, and connection details.10
48、. Handling, Storage, and Transportation10.1 During manufacture, curing, storage, and transporta-tion, care shall be taken not to overstress, warp, or otherwisedamage the panels. Structurally damaged panels shall bereplaced, except that repair of structurally damaged panelsinstead of replacement is a
49、llowed, at the discretion of thearchitect or engineer. Non-structural damage shall be repairedor replaced, utilizing the manufacturers standard procedures.The repair shall be to the satisfaction of the architect orengineer.11. Keywords11.1 dimensional tolerances; dimensions; masonry units;prefabricated masonry panels; quality control; structural designC901013ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are express
