1、Designation: D2100/D2100M 95 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forAsbestos Textiles Used for Electrical Insulating Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2100/D2100M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers asbestos textile materials usedfor electrical insulating purposes h
3、aving a minimum of 80%asbestos fiber, by mass, excluding the mass of other inorganicreinforcing material that may be present.NOTE 1Specifications for other asbestos textile products are coveredin Specifications D299, D315, D375, D1061, and D1571.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound
4、 unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 WarningBreathing of asbestos dust is
5、hazardous.Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated healthrisks for users and for those with whom they come into contact.In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For informa-tion on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, r
6、efer to “Safe Useof Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and ControlMeasures.”21.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods, Section 10, described in this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its
7、 use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. For specific safety hazard, see 1.3.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationall
8、y recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D123 Terminolo
9、gy Relating to TextilesD299 Specification for Asbestos YarnsD315 Specification for Woven Asbestos TapeD375 Specification for Asbestos RovingD1061 Specification for Asbestos LapD1118 Test Method for Magnetic Rating of Asbestos Fiberand Asbestos TextilesD1571 Specification for Woven Asbestos ClothD191
10、8 Test Method for Asbestos Content of Asbestos Tex-tilesD2946 Terminology for Asbestos and AsbestosCementProducts3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of other textile terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology D123. For asbestos terms,refer to Terminology D2946.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 asbestos
11、, n1. generala group of impure silicateminerals occurring in fibrous form. 2. textilethe hydrousmagnesium silicate serpentine mineral designated aschrysotile, and having the empirical formula Mg3Si2O5(OH)4.4. Classification4.1 TypesThe types of asbestos textiles used for electricalinsulating purpose
12、s are based on the following magnetic ratingas determined by Test Method D1118:Type Maximum Magnetic RatingII 0.75IV 2.0VI 4.04.2 GradesThe grades of asbestos textiles used for elec-trical insulating purposes are based on the percentage ofasbestos content by mass as stated in Table 1.4.3 Significanc
13、e of Types and Grades:4.3.1 The types of asbestos textiles roughly define theelectromagnetic characteristics of the material. Generally, the1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC17.03 on
14、 Asbestos - Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D2100/D2100M-95(2009)1.DOI: 10.1520/D2100_D2100M-95R17.2Available from The Asbestos Institute, http:/ referenced ASTM st
15、andards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
16、 PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organizatio
17、n Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1higher the magnetic rating, the poorer the electrical insulatingproperties of the material. The three types have the followingintended applications:4.3.1.1 Type II is intended for applications where the asbes-tos is of primary importance, such as electr
18、ical insulation usedon magnetic wire and when used principally as a dielectric.4.3.1.2 Type IV is intended for use where the asbestos is ofsecondary importance as electrical insulation or where, asprimary electrical insulation, it is applied relatively thicklyusually in combination with other materi
19、als of comparablyhigh dielectric strength, as in the construction of heat andflame-resistant electrical insulating walls over unit conductorsof electrical cables.4.3.1.3 Type VI is intended for use where the asbestos is ofminor importance as a dielectric, as in fillers for heat- andflame-resistant c
20、ables, overall wraps or braids for such cables,and linings for enclosures subject to exposure to electric arcs(arc chutes).4.3.2 The grade of asbestos textile used is largely dependenton the service temperature required of the insulation. Specifictemperature limits for the various grades cannot be g
21、iven, asthese will depend on the textile construction. In general, thehigher the asbestos content, the higher the temperature thetextile will withstand.NOTE 2Where breaking strength retention is important, good service-ability at temperatures up to approximately 540C 1000F can beexpected using the h
22、igher grades. If breaking strength retention is notimportant, asbestos textiles may be used in excess of 815C 1500F,depending on the application.5. Ordering Information5.1 Asbestos textiles used for electrical insulating purposesare normally purchased on the basis of type and grade as wellas the pro
23、perties listed under the Ordering Information sectionof theASTM specification applicable to that particular asbestosproduct (see Note 1).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Asbestos textiles used for electrical insulating purposesshall be free of foreign matter not normally present in textiles,which may
24、 be detrimental to performance.7. Chemical Composition7.1 Asbestos textiles that have been treated with materials toimpact certain desirable characteristics, such as moistureresistance, flame resistance, and improved electrical insulatingproperties, shall conform to the requirements of this specific
25、a-tion and also to the ASTM specification applicable to thatparticular asbestos treatment, either prior to treatment, or afterremoval of the treating material by appropriate methods.7.2 Asbestos content shall conform to requirements in Table1.8. Physical Properties8.1 The magnetic rating shall compl
26、y with requirements in4.1.9. Other Requirements9.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification,asbestos textiles to be used for electrical insulating purposesshall meet the requirements of the ASTM specification appli-cable to that particular asbestos textile product (see Note 1).10. Test
27、Methods10.1 Magnetic RatingDetermine the magnetic rating asdirected in Test Method D1118.10.2 Asbestos ContentDetermine the asbestos content ofspecimens from each lot or unit taken for test, as directed inTest Method D1918.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 In the absence of certification, proceed as f
28、ollows:11.1.1 The buyer and the seller may agree on a procedure toestablish conformance, including control charts furnished bythe seller, a sequential sampling plan, or the double-samplingplan outlined in 11.1.2.11.1.2 In the absence of a control-chart or sequential-sampling plan, proceed as directe
29、d in 11.1.2.1 through 11.1.2.3.11.1.2.1 If the test results for the lot conform to thetolerance for all characteristics specified in Sections 69,consider the lot a valid delivery.11.1.2.2 If the test results for one or more characteristics donot conform to the tolerance, take a new laboratory sample
30、from either the original lot sample or a new lot sample. Test thenew sample for the characteristic(s) that did not conform to thetolerances in the first test, and average the results of the firstand second samples as if all results were from one test ofdouble the original number of specimens. If the
31、 new average(s)conform(s) to the specified tolerances, consider the lot a validdelivery.11.1.2.3 If the test results obtained as directed in 11.1.2.2 donot conform to the specified tolerances, consider the lot anonvalid delivery.12. Certification12.1 When agreed upon in writing by the purchaser and
32、theseller, a certification shall be made the basis of acceptance ofthe material. This shall consist of a copy of the manufacturerstest report or a statement by the seller, accompanied by a copyof the test results, that the material has been sampled, tested,and inspected in accordance with the provis
33、ions of the speci-fication. Each certification so furnished shall be signed by anauthorized agent of the seller or manufacturer.12.2 When the product origin (original identity) cannot beestablished, certification can be based only on the samplingprocedure provided by the applicable specification.TAB
34、LE 1 Grades of Asbestos Textiles Used for ElectricalInsulating PurposesGrade Asbestos Content, mass percentUnderwriters 80 up to but excluding 85A 85 up to but excluding 90AA 90 up to but excluding 95AAA 95 up to but excluding 99AAAA 99 to 100 inclusiveD2100/D2100M 95 (2017)212.3 In the absence of c
35、ertification, proceed as directed in11.1.1 through 11.1.2.3.13. Keywords13.1 asbestos; asbestos textile; electrical insulation; electro-magnetic; textileASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. U
36、sers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed eve
37、ry five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible techn
38、ical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohock
39、en, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 95 (2017)3
