1、Designation: D579/D579M 10Standard Specification forGreige Woven Glass Fabrics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D579/D579M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers greige fabrics woven from “E”electrical
3、 glass fiber yarns. This specification can also beapplied to fabrics made of other glass fiber types as agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier.1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions,general requirements and physical requirements for greigeglass fiber fabrics. This s
4、pecification permits the application oforganic materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacturethat helps facilitate weaving.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; theref
5、ore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This specification is one of a series to provide asubstitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord,Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C
6、-9084 Cloth,Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.1.5 Additional ASTM specifications in this series have beendrafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book ofASTM Standards. These include finished glass fabrics, unfin-ished glass fabrics, glass tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords,glass sewin
7、g threads, and finished laminates made from fin-ished glass fabrics.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the a
8、pplica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents22.1 ASTM Standards:D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD1059 Test Method for Yarn Number Based on Short-Length SpecimensD1423 Test Method for Twist in Yarns by Direct-CountingD1776
9、 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile MaterialsD3773 Test Methods for Length of Woven FabricD3774 Test Method for Width of Textile FabricD3775 Test Method for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick)Count of Woven FabricsD3776 Test Methods for Mass Per Unit A
10、rea (Weight) ofFabricD4963 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Strands andFabricsD5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Strip Method)D7018 Terminology Relating to Glass Fiber and Its Prod-ucts2.2 ANSI Standards:ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures for Inspection byAt
11、tributes32.3 Military Standard and Specifications:MIL-Y-1140H Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass4MIL-C-9084C Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates42.4 Textile Institute Documents:Textile Terms and Definitions5Woven Cloth Construction51This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM
12、Committee D13 onTextiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber andits Products.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published January 2010. Originallyapproved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D579 09. DOI:10.1520/D0579-09.2For referenced ASTM stan
13、dards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor
14、, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.5Available from the Textile Institute, 10 Blackfriars St., Manchester, M3 5DREngland.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Har
15、bor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.18, Glass Fibers andIts Products, refer to Terminology D7018.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this specification:atmosphere for testing textiles, continuous filament
16、, crowfootweave, eight-harness satin, greige goods, leno weave, mockleno weave, twelve-harness satin3.2 For all other terms related to textiles, see TerminologyD123.CLASSIFICATION4. Classification4.1 The designation of a fabric shall be by style numbersthat are standard throughout the industry. Gene
17、rally used stylenumbers are listed in numerical order in Table 8.REQUIREMENTS5. Material5.1 The yarn shall be continuous filament, unless otherwisespecified, free of any free alkali metal salts, such as soda orpotash, and foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities.6. Fabric Count6.1 For fabrics l
18、isted in Table 8, the nominal fabric countshall conform to the requirements of Table 8. For fabrics notlisted in Table 8, the nominal fabric count shall be agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the supplier. The average count ofwarp ends shall be within two ends of the nominal count, andthe average c
19、ount of the filling picks shall be within two picksof the nominal count.7. Yarn Designations7.1 For fabrics listed in Table 8, the yarn designations shallconform to the requirements of Table 8. For fabrics not listedin Table 8, the yarn designations shall be agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the
20、supplier. The requirements of theindividual elements of the designation are specified in Sections8-12.7.1.1 In some cases ECE 225 yarn is specified in Table 8.ECD 225 may be substituted with no significant decrease inproperty performance.8. Yarn Number8.1 For fabrics listed in Table 8, the nominal s
21、ize-free yarnnumbers of the yarns designated shall conform to SpecificationD578. For fabrics not listed in Table 8, the nominal size-freeyarn number shall be agreed upon between purchaser andsupplier.9. Filament Diameter9.1 The nominal filament diameter for yarns in the fabricshall conform to the no
22、minal range for filament diameteraverage values specified in Table 1 of Specification D578.10. Strand Construction10.1 The basis for specifying strand construction is given inSpecification D578. For fabrics listed in Table 8, the construc-tion of the component strands shall conform to the require-me
23、nts of Table 8. For fabrics not listed in Table 8, theconstruction of the component strands shall be agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the supplier.11. Direction of Twist11.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaserand the supplier, the primary twist in the singles strands shallbe “Z” t
24、wist and the final twist in the plied yarns shall be “S”twist.12. Twist Level12.1 The nominal twist in the component strands and thefinished yarns shall conform to the requirements of Table 8 inSpecification D578. The tolerances for the primary twist andthe final twist shall conform to Table 1 of th
25、is document unlessotherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.13. Fabric Weave Type13.1 For fabrics listed in Table 8, the fabric weave type shallconform to the requirements of Table 8. For fabrics not listedin Table 8, the fabric weave type shall be agreed upon betweenthe purchaser
26、 and the supplier.TABLE 1 Twist TolerancesTolerancesTurns per Centimetre:From zero to 0.4, incl 60.1 turn per centimetreOver 0.4 and up to and including4.060.2 turn per centimetreOver 4 65.0 % of the specified average twistTurns per Metre:From zero to 40, incl 610 turns per metreOver 40 and up to an
27、d including400620 turns per metreOver 400 65.0 % of the specified average twistTurns per Inch:From zero to 1, incl 60.25 turn per inchOver 1 and up to and including 10 60.5 turn per inchOver 10 65.0 % of the specified average twistTABLE 2 TolerancesMass/Unit AreaNominal Mass/Unit Area,g/m2(oz/yd2)Pe
28、rmissible Variation,%136 (4.0) and under 610Over 136 (4.0) 66TABLE 3 TolerancesThicknessNominal ThicknessPermissible Varia-tionsmillimetres0.075 and under 60.013Over 0.075 to 0.250 60.025Over 0.250 to 0.380 60.050Over 0.380 60.075inches0.0030 and under 60.0005Over 0.0030 to 0.0100 60.0010Over 0.0100
29、 to 0.0150 60.0020Over 0.0150 60.0030D579/D579M 10214. Mass Per Unit Area14.1 For fabrics listed in Table 8, the nominal mass per unitarea shall conform to the requirement of Table 8. For fabricsnot listed in Table 8, the nominal mass per unit area shall beagreed upon between the purchaser and the s
30、upplier. Theaverage mass per unit area for the lot shall conform to therequirements of Table 2.15. Thickness15.1 For fabrics listed in Table 8, the nominal thicknessshall conform to the requirements of Table 8. For fabrics notlisted in Table 8, the nominal thickness shall be agreed uponbetween the p
31、urchaser and the supplier. The average thicknessof the fabric in the lot shall conform to the requirements ofTable 3, unless specified otherwise.16. Breaking Strength16.1 For fabrics listed in Table 8, the minimum breakingstrength shall conform to the requirements of Table 8. Forfabrics and/or break
32、ing strength not listed in Table 8, theminimum breaking strength shall be agreed upon between thepurchaser and the supplier. The average breaking strength forthe lot shall exceed the specified breaking strength, and noindividual break shall be less than 80 % of the specifiedminimum breaking strength
33、.17. Width17.1 Fabric width shall be agreed upon between the pur-chaser and the supplier. The fabric width, including bothselvages but excluding any feathered edges, shall be nonarrower than the specified width and no more than 13 mm (0.5in.) wider than the specified width.NOTE 1During the processin
34、g of glass fabrics, the selvages may beslit to minimize tension influences. This slit distance is generally excludedwhen measuring the fabric width.18. Length18.1 The fabric roll length, length between splices, andnumber of splices per roll shall be agreed upon betweenpurchaser and supplier. All spl
35、ices must be thermoset unlessotherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.19. Ignition Loss19.1 The ignition loss of greige fabric shall be less than4.0 % unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser andthe supplier.20. Fabric Appearance20.1 The woven greige fabric shall be general
36、ly uniform inquality and condition, clean, smooth, and free of foreignparticles and defects detrimental to fabrication, appearance, orperformance. .TABLE 4 Classification of DefectsADefect Description Major MinorBias or bowed filling Pick line distortion from horizontal by more than 2.5 % for entire
37、 width XBaggy, ridged, or wavy cloth Clearly noticeable XCut or tear 6.5 mm (0.25 in.) or more in any direction (body only) XHole 13 mm (0.5 in.) or more in diameter XLess than 13 mm (0.5 in.) in diameter XSpots, streaks, or stains,foreign inclusionsClearly noticeable XTender or weak spot Clearly no
38、ticeable 50 mm (2 in.) or more in combined directions XClearly noticeable less than 50 mm (2 in.) but greater than 6.5 mm (0.25 in.)in combined directionsXSmash 76 mm (3 in.) or more in combined directions XLess than 76 mm (3 in.) in combined directions XBroken, missing ends or picks 2 or more conti
39、guous regardless of length XFloats and skips 50 mm (2 in.) or more in combined directions XLess than 50 mm (2 in.) in combined directions XLight marks Greater than 6.5 mm (0.25 in.) in width X2 picks less than nominal pick construction XHeavy marks Puckering clearly noticeable X2 picks more than nom
40、inal pick construction XCrease Hard embedded and folded over on self XWaste Clearly noticeable over 6.5 mm (0.25 in) in length XClearly noticeable less than 6.5 mm (0.25 in.) in length XWeave separation Clearly noticeable 3 mm (0.125 in.) or more XBrittle or fused area Any XSelvage Defects Curled or
41、 folded under XCut or torn less than 6.5 mm (0.25 in.) in length XCut or torn 6.5 mm (0.25 in.) and over in length XSelvage leno ends out Greater than5m(5yd)missing(continuously) XLess than5m(5yd)missing XFeather edge Greater than 5 mm (0.1875 in.) running more than5m(5yd) XGreater than 5 mm (0.1875
42、 in.) but running less than5m(5yd) XAAt a normal viewing distance of 1 m or 3 ft.TABLE 5 Sample Size Determination for Construction, Mass,Width, and Physical PropertiesLot Size in Units, m or (yd)SampleSize, Numberof Units (Rolls)800 or less 2801 up to and including 22 000 322 001 and over 5D579/D57
43、9M 10320.2 The fabric in the laboratory sample for the fabricappearance shall be examined for the defects listed in Table 4and the acceptable quality levels (AQLs) are 2.5 major and 6.5total (major and minor combined) defects per hundred units offabric unless otherwise agreed upon between the purcha
44、ser andthe supplier.20.3 When specified, the warp direction of the fabric shallbe marked by blue direction-indicator yarns running warpwisein the cloth and spaced approximately 150 mm (6 in.) apart.21. Put-Up21.1 Fabric shall be furnished in rolls and shall be wound onspiral tubes. The tube dimensio
45、ns shall be shall be as agreedupon between the purchaser and supplier. The maximumnumber of pieces contained in any roll shall be as specified in18.1.22. Sampling22.1 Lot SizeA lot shall consist of each 9000 m (10 000yd) of a single fabric style unless otherwise agreed uponbetween the purchaser and
46、the supplier.22.1.1 When small multiple shipments are made from aninspected lot, the shipments may be made without additionalinspection as agreed upon between the purchaser and thesupplier.22.2 Lot SampleTake at random as a lot sample thenumber of rolls of fabric specified in ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 and asin
47、gle sampling plan, unless otherwise agreed upon.22.3 Laboratory SampleAs a laboratory sample, take thefollowing samples:22.3.1 For fabric appearance, fabric width, mass per unitarea, and fabric length, the rolls in the lot sample serve as thelaboratory sample.22.3.2 For other properties, take at ran
48、dom from the rolls inthe lot sample the number of rolls specified in Table 5. Fromeach roll in the laboratory sample, takea1m(1yd)full-widthswatch from the end of the roll after first discarding a minimumof1m(1yd)offabric from the very outside of the roll.Remove only the outer layer of fabric if the
49、 circumference ofthe roll is less than1m(1yd).TABLE 6 Values of b for Critical Differences in Defect Counts, a and b, for Two Test ResultsProbability Level Probability Level Probability Level Probability Levelr=a+b 90 % 95 % r=a+b 90 % 95 % r=a+b 90 % 95 % r=a+b 90 % 95 %1 26 875119187630282 7 21 73 93 28 98532018783124 9 42 97933050 3010955201980326 0 0 31 10 9 56 21 20 81 32 317 0 0 32 10 9 57 21 20 82 33 3181 105822218333329 1341 92 4310 1 1 35 12 11 60 23 21 85 34 3211 2 1 36 12 11 61 23 22 86 34 3312 2 2 37 13 12 62 24 22 87 35 3313 3 2 38 13 12 63 24 23 88 35 3414 3 2
