1、Designation: D3840 10An American National StandardStandard Specification for“Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3840; the number immediately following the designation indicates the ye
2、ar oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers fiberglass pipe fittings in-
3、tended for use in gravity flow systems for conveying sanitarysewage, storm water, and those industrial wastes for which thefittings are determined to be suitable. Elbows, tees, laterals,crosses, reducers, and adapters are included. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glas
4、s-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.NOTE 1For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not includenatural polymers.1.2 This specification is intended to cover only dimensions,material properties, and workmanship rather than the structuraldesign of the fittings. The
5、structural design of the fittings shallbe as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier, and needsto take into consideration the anticipated conditions of instal-lation and service.1.3 This specification covers only fittings fabricated fromcut sections of pipe, or from a combination of pipe sections
6、 andcontact molded (hand layup), or machine fabricated compo-nents.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are providedfor information purposes only.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, S
7、ection 11, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions p
8、rior to use.NOTE 2There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD1763 Specification for Epoxy ResinsD2290
9、Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength ofPlastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe by Split Disk MethodD3262 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Sewer PipeD3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiber-glass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin)
10、Pipeand FittingsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-ing Plastic Pipe3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nologies D883 and F412.Ab
11、breviations are in accordance withTerminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fiberglass pipea tubular product containing glassfiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by curedthermosetting resin. It is acceptable for the composite str
12、uctureto contain aggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotropicagents, pigments or dyes. It is acceptable to include thermo-plastic or thermosetting liners or coatings.3.2.2 reinforced polymer mortar pipea fiberglass pipewith aggregate.3.2.3 reinforced thermosetting resin pipea fiberglass pipe
13、without aggregate.3.2.4 qualificationOne or more tests used to prove thedesign of a product. Not a routine quality control test.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on ReinforcedPlastic Piping Systems a
14、nd Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D3840 01(2005).This specification replaces Specification D4160. DOI: 10.1520/D3840-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website,
15、www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NO
16、TE 3Qualification requirements appear in 6.1, 7.2, and 12.3.4. Materials4.1 Laminating Resin:4.1.1 Type 1Polyester thermosetting resin, with or with-out fillers or thixotropic agents or both.NOTE 4For the purpose of this standard, polyester includes vinyl esterresins.4.1.2 Type 2Epoxy resin, conform
17、ing to the requirementsof Specification D1763, with or without fillers or thixotropicagents, or both.4.2 Reinforcement:4.2.1 Grade 1 A commercial grade of glass fibers with apolyester-compatible finish.4.2.2 Grade 2A commercial grade of glass fibers with anepoxy-compatible finish.4.3 GasketsThe elas
18、tomeric gaskets used with the fittingsjoined to pipe shall conform to the requirements of Specifica-tion F477.5. Fabrication5.1 Permissible Components:5.1.1 Fittings covered under this specification shall befabricated from cut section of pipe that conform to therequirements of Specification D3262, o
19、r from a combination ofsuch pipe sections and contact molded (hand layup) or machinefabricated components.5.1.2 It is acceptable to incorporate saddles, wrappers,necked flanges, and other components of metal or otherdissimilar materials, as agreed upon between purchaser andsupplier, provided the mat
20、erials of such components areresistant to the corrosive effects of the internal and externalenvironments anticipated in service, or are lined or coated orboth with materials that provide equivalent protection.5.2 Bonding and Laminate Overlay Reinforcements:5.2.1 Sections of the fitting shall be alig
21、ned and bondedtogether using polyester (Type 1) or epoxy (Type 2) resinmaterials with or without fiberglass reinforcement. Fiberglassreinforcement materials shall be compatible with the laminat-ing resin; Grade 1 reinforcements shall be used with Type 1laminating resin, and Grade 2 reinforcements sh
22、all be usedwith Type 2 laminating resin.5.2.2 It is acceptable to apply laminated reinforcing over-lays of bonded seams to either the outside or inside surface ofthe fitting, or to both inside and outside surfaces. The laminateshall be of chemically resistant construction suitable for thepurpose and
23、 shall provide the additional strength necessary tomeet the physical requirements shown in Table 1. Finishedseam overlays shall be built up in two or more successivelayers of reinforcement and shall be as crevice free asTABLE 1 Minimum Properties of Structural LaminatesNominal Diameter, in. (mm) Min
24、imum Hoop TensileStrength, lbf/in. (kN/m) ofwidthAMinimum Axial TensileStrength, lbf/in. (kN/m)of circumferenceAMinimum Total Width ofOverlay, in. (mm)B8 (203) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)10 (254) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)12 (305) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)14 (356) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (1
25、00)15 (381) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)16 (406) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)18 (457) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)20 (508) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)21 (533) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)24 (610) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)27 (686) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)30 (762) 1600 (280) 1600 (280)
26、4 (100)33 (838) 1700 (300) 1700 (300) 6 (150)36 (914) 1800 (315) 1800 (315) 6 (150)39 (991) 2000 (350) 2000 (350) 6 (150)42 (1067) 2100 (368) 2100 (368) 6 (150)45 (1143) 2300 (403) 2300 (403) 6 (150)48 (1219) 2400 (420) 2400 (420) 8 (200)51 (1295) 2600 (455) 2600 (455) 8 (200)54 (1372) 2700 (473) 27
27、00 (473) 8 (200)60 (1524) 3000 (525) 3000 (525) 8 (200)66 (1676) 3300 (578) 3300 (578) 10 (250)72 (1829) 3600 (630) 3600 (630) 10 (250)78 (1981) 3900 (683) 3900 (683) 10 (250)84 (2134) 4200 (736) 4200 (736) 12 (300)90 (2286) 4500 (788) 4500 (788) 12 (300)96 (2438) 4800 (841) 4800 (841) 14 (350)102 (
28、2591) 5100 (893) 5100 (893) 16 (400)108 (2743) 5400 (946) 5400 (946) 16 (400)114 (2896) 5700 (998) 5700 (998) 16 (400)120 (3048) 6000 (1051) 6000 (1051) 16 (400)132 (3353) 6600 (1156) 6600 (1156) 18 (450)144 (3658) 7200 (1261) 7200 (1261) 20 (500)AThe values given are minimums only. Sound engineerin
29、g practice dictates that all fittings be designed to withstand the loads and conditions anticipated in the servicefor which they are intended.BThe dimensions given are minimums for“ butt-and-strap type joints.D3840 102described in this paragraph and 5.2.3. The width of the firstlayer shall be 2 in.
30、(50 mm) minimum. Successive layers shallincrease uniformly in width to provide the specified minimumtotal width of overlay that shall be centered on the seam. Table1 shows minimum widths of overlays required. The ends ofeach layer of reinforcement shall be overlapped a minimum of1 in. (25 mm). Crevi
31、ces between joined sections shall be filledwith a filled resin paste, leaving a smooth inner surface. Theinterior of the seams shall also be sealed by covering with notless than a 0.03 in. (0.76 mm) thickness of reinforced resin-richsurface that provides corrosion resistance suitable for theintended
32、 service. Alternatively, when it is necessary to fabri-cate a fitting where the size and configuration do not allowadequate access to interior seams, the cut edges of sectionsshall be sealed prior to assembly and any reinforcing overlayprotected by a resin-rich surface that provides corrosionresista
33、nce suitable for the intended service.5.2.3 Components of dissimilar materials, such as steel topolyester or epoxy laminates, or polyester to epoxy laminates,shall be bonded with a resin compound capable of adhering toboth materials. The resin compound shall contact the joiningsurfaces of both compo
34、nents with the spaces between thecomponents filled. The excess resin compound that extrudesfrom the seam shall be removed, leaving a smooth fillet.Sealing laminates and reinforcing overlays shall be appliedwhere required (see 5.1.1, 5.2.1, and 5.2.2).6. Joints6.1 The fitting joints shall be coupling
35、 or bell-and-spigot inaccordance with the joint requirements of Specification D3262,unless otherwise specified. It is acceptable to qualify jointdesigns on straight sections of pipe.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Properties of structural laminates, used either as seamreinforcing overlays or as contact
36、molded or machine fabri-cated components, other than cut sections of pipe, shall be asshown in Table 1, when tested in accordance with 11.1.7.2 Shear StrengthThe minimum shear strength of seamreinforcing overlays shall be 500 psi (3.45 MPa) when tested inaccordance with 11.2.8. Dimensions and Permis
37、sible Variations8.1 Wall ThicknessThe wall thickness of any area of thefitting furnished under this specification shall not at any pointbe less than 87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness published inthe manufacturers literature current at the time of purchasewhen measured in accordance with 11.3.1.8.
38、2 Fitting DiametersFittings shall be supplied in nomi-nal diameters as given in Specification D3262. The fittingdiameter tolerances shall be as given in Specification D3262,when measured in accordance with 11.3.2.8.3 LengthsThe tolerance for the laying length and othersignificant dimensions shall be
39、 62 in. (651 mm) or 61%ofthe dimension, whichever is greater. See Tables 2-6 and Figs.1 and 2 for typical minimum laying lengths.8.4 Angular DimensionsAngular dimensions shall have atolerance of 61 when measured in accordance with 11.3.4.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The inside surfaces
40、of each fitting shall blend smoothlyand shall be free of bulges, dents, ridges, or other irregularitiesthat result in a variation of more than18 in. (3.2 mm) from thatobtained on adjacent portions of the surface.NOTE 5This requirement is concerned with roughness and wavinessand does not apply to dia
41、meter tolerances or thickness of internal seamreinforcement if present. See 8.2 for inside diameter tolerances, includinginternal reinforcement.9.2 Joint sealing surfaces shall be free of dents, gouges,cracks, and other surface imperfections that will affect theintegrity of the joints.9.3 The inner
42、surface of each reinforced plastic fittingcomponent and connecting seam shall be composed of resinwith or without reinforcement, aggregate, or filler. No glassfiber-reinforcement shall penetrate the interior surface of thefitting wall.9.4 Internal and external reinforcements shall be free ofvoids, d
43、ry spots, cracks, and crazing. Some waviness in theTABLE 2 0 to 30 ElbowAPipe Size, in. (mm) Dimension AB, in. (mm)8 (203) 12 (305)10 (254) 13 (330)12 (305) 13 (330)14 (356) 14 (356)15 (381) 14 (356)16 (406) 15 (381)18 (457) 15 (381)20 (508) 16 (406)21 (533) 16 (406)24 (610) 17 (432)27 (686) 17 (432
44、)30 (762) 18 (457)33 (838) 18 (457)36 (914) 20 (508)39 (991) 21 (533)42 (1067) 22 (559)45 (1143) 23 (584)48 (1219) 24 (610)54 (1372) 25 (635)60 (1524) 26 (660)66 (1676) 29 (737)72 (1829) 29 (737)78 (1981) 30 (762)84 (2134) 34 (864)90 (2286) 36 (914)96 (2438) 38 (965)102 (2591) 39 (991)108 (2743) 41
45、(1041)AFitting end configurations other than the typical bell and spigot shown in thefigure are acceptable as agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser. Referto Section 6.BDimensions given are typical minimum laying lengths. Laying lengths forfittings larger than 108 in. diameter shall be as ag
46、reed upon between purchaserand supplier.D3840 103internal reinforcement is permissible so long as the surface issmooth. Unless otherwise agreed upon between purchaser andsupplier, all fittings shall meet the visual and repair criteria ofTables 7 and 8.9.5 Fittings shall show good workmanship, includ
47、ing uni-formity from item to item.10. Sampling10.1 LotUnless otherwise agreed upon between purchaserand supplier, one lot shall consist of 100 fittings of each type,grade, and construction of laminate overlay reinforcement, orcontact molded or machine fabricated component, or both.10.2 Unit SampleSe
48、lect one fitting from each lot. Preparea sample or representative laminate and test specimens todetermine conformance with the requirements of 7.1 forultimate tensile strength.11. Test Methods11.1 Ultimate Tensile StrengthDetermine the ultimate ten-sile strength of sample laminate specimens cut from
49、 seamreinforcing overlays or contact molded or machine fabricatedcomponents, or from specimens of a laminate fabricated to beconsistent in every way with the construction used in thereinforcing overlay or component of the fitting. One or both ofthe following test methods shall be employed at the manufac-turers option:11.1.1 Test Method D2290, using Type B specimens, exceptthat the size of the specimens shall be permitted to be modifiedand speed of testing and rate of crosshead motion shall notapply. Record the load to fail of each specimen and determ
