1、Designation: D4260 05 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Practice forLiquid and Gelled Acid Etching of Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4260; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers surface preparation of concrete toprepare the surface prior to the application of coatings.1.2 This practi
3、ce is intended to alter the surface profile ofthe concrete and to remove foreign materials and weak surfacelaitance.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate
4、 safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established i
5、n the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4258 Practice for Surface Cleaning Concrete for CoatingD4259 Practice
6、for Abrading ConcreteD4262 Test Method for pH of Chemically Cleaned or EtchedConcrete SurfacesD4263 Test Method for Indicating Moisture in Concrete bythe Plastic Sheet MethodD4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings UsingPortable Adhesion Testers2.2 Other Standard:ACI-308 Guide to Curing C
7、oncrete33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 gelled acid, nacid solution primarily intended foruse on horizontal, vertical, and overhead surfaces.3.1.2 liquid acid, nacid solution primarily intended foruse on horizontal surfaces.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practi
8、ce is intended to provide a clean,contamination-free, and roughened surface.4.2 Acceptable surfaces shall be free of laitance, formrelease agents, curing agents, oil, grease, and other penetratingcontaminants. The surface shall be free of fins, projections, andloosely adhering concrete, dirt, and du
9、st particles.4.3 For some applications, a minimum concrete surfacestrength may be required for proper coating performance.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is used to prepare concrete for coatingswhere optimum bond is desired for service conditions such ascontinuous or intermittent immersion,
10、 temperature cycling, ormechanical loading.6. Hazards6.1 New concrete shall be cured in accordance with ACI-308.6.2 Concrete cure compounds, form release materials, orconcrete hardeners may require abrading, in accordance withPractice D4259, as acid etching may not be effective.6.3 All oil and greas
11、e shall be removed in accordance withPractice D4258 prior to mechanical abrading, abrasive blastcleaning, water blasting, or acid etching.6.4 Use and disposal of materials should conform to estab-lished federal, state, local, and project requirements.METHOD A7. Liquid Acid Etching Procedure7.1 Pre-S
12、urface Preparation:7.1.1 Remove grease, oil, and other penetrating contami-nants (see Practice D4258).1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D33 on ProtectiveCoating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities and is the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D33.05 on Applicat
13、ion and Surface Preparation.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originallyapproved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4260 05 (2012).DOI: 10.1520/D4260-05R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer S
14、ervice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.concrete.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 B
15、arr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Reco
16、mmendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.17.1.2 Remove fins and protruding surface irregularities bymechanical means.7.1.3 Surfaces shall be free of standing water.7.1.4 Some curing compounds may not be removed byliquid acid etching and will requ
17、ire preparation by mechanicalabrading, abrasive blasting, or water blasting in accordancewith Practice D4259.7.1.5 When using liquid acid, proper cross ventilation andchemical respirators shall be provided.7.2 Suitable Surfaces:7.2.1 This method is primarily suited for use on horizontalsurfaces.7.2.
18、2 Other methods of preparation may be more suitablefor rough concrete surfaces and walls or overhead surfaces.7.3 Liquid Acid Etching Solutions:7.3.1 Typical solutions covered by this method are muriatic(hydrochloric), sulfamic, phosphoric and citric acids. Hydro-chloric acid shall not be used where
19、 chlorides are prohibited.7.3.2 The liquid acid concentrations of etching solutionsmay vary, depending on the concrete texture and degree ofetching required.7.3.3 The concrete surface shall be pre-wetted with waterprior to applying etching solutions. Free-standing water shallbe removed. Uniformly ap
20、ply the etching solution to the wetsurface. Polyethylene sprinkling cans are suitable for applyingliquid acid solutions. Bubbling should be uniformly evident. Ifnot, this indicates the presence of grease or oil contamination,or both, curing compounds or sealers, or a need to increase theconcentratio
21、n of the liquid acid solution. Scrub the liquid acidwetted surface with a stiff bristle brush.7.3.4 When the etching solution bubbling begins to subside,flush surfaces to remove reaction products, and inspect foruniform roughening and removal of laitance. Repeat applica-tion of liquid acid solution
22、to obtain required surface.7.3.5 After the desired roughening is achieved, thoroughlyflush the surface with potable water. Repeated flushing andscrubbing with a stiff-bristled brush may be necessary toremove acid residues.7.4 Appearance of Prepared Surface:7.4.1 The intent is to remove sufficient ma
23、terial in order toachieve a sound concrete surface free of laitance, glaze,efflorescence, and incompatible concrete curing compounds orform release agents.7.4.2 The liquid acid etched surface shall be uniformlyroughened to a degree similar in appearance to a medium tocoarse grade sandpaper. A roughn
24、ess standard may be estab-lished by mutual agreement.METHOD B8. Gelled Acid Etching Procedure8.1 Pre-Surface Preparation:8.1.1 Remove grease, oil, and other penetrating contami-nants (see Practice D4258).8.1.2 Remove fins and protruding surface irregularities bymechanical means.8.1.3 Surfaces shall
25、be free of standing water.8.1.4 Some curing compounds may not be removed bygelled acid etching and will require preparation by mechanicalabrading, abrasive blasting, or water blasting in accordancewith Practice D4259.8.1.5 When using gelled acid, proper cross ventilation andchemical respirators shal
26、l be provided.8.2 Suitable Surfaces:8.2.1 This method is suited for use on horizontal, vertical,and overhead surfaces.8.2.2 Other means of preparation may be more suitable forrough concrete surfaces.8.3 Gelled Acid Etching Solutions:8.3.1 Typical solutions covered by this method are muriatic(hydroch
27、loric), sulfamic, phosphoric and citric acids. Hydro-chloric acid shall not be used where chlorides are prohibited.8.3.2 The gelled acid concentrations of etching solutionsmay vary depending on the concrete texture and the degree ofetching required.8.3.3 The concrete surface can be pre-wetted with w
28、aterprior to applying etching solutions. Free-standing water shallbe removed. Uniformly apply the etching solution to the wetsurface using an acid resistant sprayer, non-metallic scrubbrush, low-nap roller or squeegee. Bubbling should be uni-formly evident. If not, this indicates the presence of gre
29、ase oroil contamination or both curing compounds or sealers or aneed to increase the concentration of the gelled acid solution.Scrubbing the gelled acid wetted surface with a stiff bristlebrush will increase the depth of the surface profile and exposemore of the gelled acid solution to the concrete
30、surface.8.3.4 When the etching solution bubbling begins to subside,flush surfaces to remove reaction products and inspect foruniform roughening and removal of laitance. Repeat applica-tion of gelled acid to obtain required surface profile.8.3.5 After the desired roughening is achieved, thoroughlyflu
31、sh the surface with potable water. Repeated flushing andscrubbing with a stiff-bristled brush may be necessary toremove acid residues.8.4 Appearance of Prepared Surface:8.4.1 The intent is to uniformly remove sufficient material inorder to achieve a sound concrete surface free of laitance,glaze, eff
32、lorescence, and incompatible concrete curing com-pounds or form release agents.8.4.2 The gelled acid etched surface shall be uniformlyroughened to a degree similar in appearance to a medium tocoarse grade sandpaper. A roughness standard may be estab-lished by mutual agreement.9. Inspection9.1 Visual
33、ly examine the prepared surface for loose adher-ing concrete, thin crusts bridging voids, fins, and projections.9.2 Visually examine the prepared surface for oil, grease,and markings.9.3 Test surfaces cleaned by liquid and gelled acid etchingfor pH in accordance with Test Method D4262 and may betest
34、ed for moisture content in accordance with Test MethodD4263 prior to applying coating.D4260 05 (2017)29.4 If required, surface strength may be determined inaccordance with Method D4541 or other agreed upon method.10. Acceptance10.1 Acceptable surfaces shall be free of laitance, oil,grease, and other
35、 materials incompatible with the coating. Thesurface shall also be free of fins, projections, and looselyadhering concrete, dirt, and dust particles.10.2 The surface shall have a roughened, textured appear-ance. Aggregate may be exposed. Bug holes shall be opened.10.3 A roughness standard may be est
36、ablished by mutualagreement.10.4 If specified, the treated surface shall meet the surfacestrength requirements.11. Keywords11.1 concrete; gelled; gelled acid etching; laitance; liquid;liquid acid etching; surface preparation; thixotropic; viscosityASTM International takes no position respecting the
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39、quarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This sta
40、ndard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 05 (2017)3
