1、Designation: D 4731 02 (Reapproved 2008)e1An American National StandardStandard Specification forHot-Application Filling Compounds for TelecommunicationsWire and Cable1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4731; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofor
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEThe units statement in subsection 1.3 was corrected editorially in
3、July 2008.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers a variety of petroleum-basedand other compounds used for filling the air spaces in telecom-munications wires and cables (both electrical and fiber optic)for the purpose of preventing water and other undesirable fluidsfrom entering or migrating through
4、the cable structure. (Forrelated standards see Specifications D 4730 and D 4732).1.2 A hot-application compound is a material that requiresmelting in order to be applied as a liquid and its melting pointmay affect its performance in the finished cable product.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to
5、 be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D6 Test Method for Loss on Heating of Oil and AsphalticCompoundsD92 Test Method
6、for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD 127 Test Method for Drop Melting Point of PetroleumWax, Including PetrolatumD 150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Per-mittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insula-tio
7、nD 257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D 938 Test Method for Congealing Point of PetroleumWaxes, Including PetrolatumD 1500 Test Method for ASTM Color
8、 of Petroleum Prod-ucts (ASTM Color Scale)D 2161 Practice for Conversion of Kinematic Viscosity toSaybolt Universal Viscosity or to Saybolt Furol ViscosityD 3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Poly-olefins by Differential Scanning CalorimetryD 3954 Test Method for Dropping Point of Waxe
9、sD 4565 Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Per-formance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Tele-communications Wire and CableD 4568 Test Methods for Evaluating Compatibility Be-tween Cable Filling and Flooding Compounds And Poly-olefin Wire and Cable MaterialsD 4730 Specification for
10、 Flooding Compounds for Tele-communications Wire and CableD 4732 Specification for Cool-Application Filling Com-pounds for Telecommunications Wire and CableD 4872 Test Method for Dielectric Testing of Wire andCable Filling Compounds3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1
11、.1 filling materialany of several materials used to fillthe air spaces in the cores of multi-conductor insulated wiresand cables, or between buffer tubes covering optical fibers, orwithin such buffer tubes, or any combination of these configu-rations and any other cable components, for the purpose o
12、fexcluding water and other undesirable fluids; especially withregard to telecommunications wire and cable, including opticalcable, intended for outside aerial, buried, or undergroundinstallations.3.1.2 producerthe primary manufacturer of the material.3.1.3 suppliersjobbers and distributors as distin
13、ct fromproducers.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.18 on Solid Insulations, Non-Metallic Shieldings and Coveringsfor Electrical and Telecommunication Wires and Cable
14、s. Subcommittee D02.10contributed in the development of this standard.Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approvedin 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 473102.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Custome
15、r Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Classification4.1 Two basic types o
16、f filling compounds are covered, asfollows:4.1.1 Type IGeneral-purpose filling compounds includeall materials to be used for filling cables that are not requiredto function under electrical stress (for example, all dielectricfiber-optic cable), including filling compounds for fiber-opticloose buffer
17、 tubes.4.1.2 Type IIElectrical-type filling compounds includematerials having prescribed electrical properties and used forfilling wires and cables that are required to function fully orpartially under electrical stress (including hybrid fiber-opticcable).5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for materi
18、al under this specification shall includethe following information:5.1.1 Quantity (mass or volume) of each item,5.1.2 Generic name of the material, such as hot-applicationcable filling material,5.1.3 Type of material: Type I, General Purpose or Type II,Electrical,5.1.4 How Furnished: drums or barrel
19、s, tank cars or tanktrucks, and the like,5.1.5 Certification, if required (Section 14).5.1.6 This specification designation, and5.1.7 Any special requirements, as listed in 7.2, 9.2 and 10.2and in Sections 11 and 12 that apply.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The material and manufacturing methods us
20、ed shall besuch that the resulting products will conform to the propertiesand characteristics prescribed in this specification.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The chemical composition of these materials is notspecified. The material may be of any chemical compositionsuitable for the intended purpose and
21、that meets the require-ments of this specification as hereinafter stated.7.2 When agreed upon between the producer and the pur-chaser, antioxidant stabilizing additives may be included in thecompound formulation to assure specified results in thermaloxidative stability testing.7.3 Once established,
22、the producer shall not change thecomposition of the compound in successive lots of materialwithout prior approval of the purchaser.8. Electrical Properties8.1 When a Type II (electrical) filling compound is speci-fied, the compound shall exhibit the electrical properties in8.1.1 and 8.1.2. The elect
23、rodes used shall be parallel plates ofsolid or foil metal of a size and shape appropriate for thespecimen holder. Other electrodes may be used as agreed uponbetween the producer and the purchaser. The voltage appliedand the time of electrification shall be appropriate for theinstrumentation used and
24、 as agreed upon between the producerand the purchaser.8.1.1 When tested, in accordance with Test Methods D 150or D 4872, at a temperature of 23 6 3 C, the dissipation factorshall not exceed 0.0010 at a frequency of 1 MHz and thepermittivity shall not exceed 2.30.8.1.1.1 Warning If any bubbles are fo
25、rmed in melting thecompound to prepare the specimen for test, the sample shall bediscarded and a new sample selected.8.1.2 When tested, in accordance with Test Methods D 257,at a temperature of 23 6 3 C, the volume resistivity shall benot less than 1013Vcm.9. Physical Properties9.1 Filling compound
26、furnished under this specificationshall inhibit the corrosion of any metallic wire and cableelements with which it comes in contact, while serving as aradial and longitudinal barrier to moisture transmission. Con-tact of the filling compound with any cable component shallnot cause degradation of per
27、formance of the cable component.The filling compound shall display adhesive properties toprovide adhesion between metallic sheath elements and theouter jacket materials of wire and cable.9.2 Other Physical Properties:9.2.1 Other property requirements such as Flash Point (forexample, Test Method D92)
28、, high-temperature drip/oil sepa-ration (syneresis) in the raw material state, and the like, shall beas agreed upon between the producer and the purchaser.(Additional information on oil separation is given in theappendix of this specification.)10. General Requirements10.1 All filling compounds manuf
29、actured in accordancewith this specification shall meet the following requirements:10.1.1 HomogeneityThe compound shall be homoge-neous and free of agglomerates.10.1.2 Color and OpacityThe compound shall be asnearly colorless as is commercially feasible, consistent with therequirements of the end pr
30、oducts for which the filling com-pound is intended. In general, identification of cable memberscoated with filling compound shall not be significantly inhib-ited because of filling-compound color or opacity.10.1.3 Color StabilityAfter aging a specimen of fillingcompound in a suitable container for a
31、 period of 120 6 1h(5days) at a temperature of 266 F (130 C) in a static air oven,measure the compound color in accordance with Test MethodD 1500. Unless otherwise specified, the color of the agedcompound shall not exceed 2.5.10.1.4 Foreign MaterialThe compounds shall be free ofdirt, metallic partic
32、les, and other foreign matter.10.2 Other PropertiesOther property requirements suchas Volatility (for example, Test Method D6), thermal oxidativestability (for example, testing similar to Test Method D 3895),corrosion prevention and the like, shall be as agreed uponbetween the producer and the purch
33、aser.NOTE 1If Test Method D6is referenced, a test cycle of 22 h at 107C (225 F) is recommended in lieu of the 163 C (325 F) temperaturerequired by Test Method D6.11. Temperature Characteristics11.1 Raw material temperature characteristics, if needed,may be specified by use of pour point (for example
34、, TestMethod D97), drop-melting point (for example, Test MethodD 4731 02 (2008)e12D 127), viscosity (for example, Test Method D 445 and Prac-tice D 2161), congealing point (for example, Test MethodD 938), drop point (for example, Test Method D 3954), or asotherwise agreed upon between the producer a
35、nd the purchaser.NOTE 2Although cited in 11.1, Test Method D 127 is “not” apreferred method for determining melting point of wire and cable fillingcompounds since results tend to be too high to be useful in predictingmaterial behavior in the cable-filling process. However, this may be agood test for
36、 quality control purposes. (Refer to the appendix of thisspecification for additional information.)11.2 The purchaser (individual cable manufacturer or other)shall specify any other expected temperature conformancerequirements (high and low) needed to ensure compliance withsuch end product requireme
37、nts as cable drip-out temperature,cold bend, low temperature flexibility, and the like (forexample, Test Methods D 4565).12. Compatibility with other Materials12.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to ensure thatthe filling compound ordered is suitable for the intendedapplication and is comp
38、atible with any other components thatit may come into contact with.12.2 The purchaser shall specify the materials that thecompound must be compatible with when tested in accordancewith Test Methods D 4568.13. Quality Assurance13.1 Responsibility for Inspection and TestsUnless other-wise specified in
39、 the contract or the purchase order, theproducer is responsible for the performance of all inspectionand test requirements specified herein. The producer may usehis own or any other suitable facilities for the performance ofthese inspection and test requirements, unless otherwise statedby the purcha
40、ser in the order or at the time of the contractsigning. The purchaser shall have the right to perform any ofthe inspections and tests set forth in this specification wheresuch inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that thematerial conforms to the prescribed requirements.13.2 Each producer shall
41、 establish written nominal valuesand tolerances for the material properties routinely checked.For properties not routinely checked, typical values shall bespecified. Once these values have been accepted by thepurchaser, the producer shall not ship material that deviatesfrom these limits without prio
42、r notification to and the approvalof the purchaser.13.3 An inspection lot shall consist of an identifiable quan-tity of the same material subjected to inspection at one time.14. Certification14.1 The producer or supplier shall, on request, furnish tothe purchaser a certificate stating that each lot
43、has beensampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with this speci-fication, and meets the specified requirements.15. Packaging and Package Marking15.1 PackagingQuantities of the filling compound maybe packaged in standard 55 gal (210 L) drums or in tank carscapable of protecting the material from
44、 contamination duringshipment. Smaller containers may also be used as agreed uponbetween the producer and the purchaser.15.2 Package MarkingShipping containers shall bemarked with the name of the manufacturer, trade name, type ofmaterial, lot number, mass or volume, and the date of manu-facture.16.
45、Keywords16.1 compatibility; filling compounds; hot application; tele-communications wire and cableAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. DISCUSSION OF FILLING COMPOUND PROPERTIESX1.1 Most, but not all, wire and cable filling materials aresemi-solid in their natural state but are introduced into a wir
46、eor cable structure in a molten state at a relatively hightemperature. The performance properties of such wire andcable filling materials (as raw materials and in finishedproducts) is not completely understood in spite of the fact thatsuch materials have been in regular use for many years, andnumero
47、us technical papers have been written on the subject.Since there is no one test or series of tests that can be appliedto these raw materials that will guarantee desired performancein a finished electrical or optical wire and cable product, manyof the detailed requirements of this specification must
48、be left tothe discretion and agreement of the producer and the purchaser.In reaching an agreement upon these detailed requirements, thefollowing factors are among those that need to be consideredby the parties involved:X1.1.1 In evaluating properties such as melting point, flowperformance, and the l
49、ike, the heat history of the fillingmaterial prior to the test must be considered. Slow coolingfrom a molten state can, for example, depress the melting pointof the material. In making tests, special care must be exercisedto ensure that the material to be tested is free of any “hidden”heat history.X1.1.2 Although opinion on this point is not unanimous, themelting point of shock-cooled material is, in most instances,the melting point that is of most relevance to electrical cablemanufacturers. The cable manufacturing process used withcable filling materials wi
