1、Designation: D 4819 96 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specification forFlexible Cellular Materials Made From Polyolefin Plastics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4819; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification applies to flexible closed-cell materi-als made from polyolefin plastics and blends o
3、f polyolefinplastics as defined in Section 3.1.2 Extruded or molded shapes too small to permit thecutting of standard test specimens are difficult to classify or testby standard test methods and will usually require specialtesting procedures or the use of standard test sheets.1.3 In case of conflict
4、 between the provisions of thisspecification and those of detailed specifications for a particu-lar product, the latter shall take precedence. These detailedspecifications for the flexible closed-cell polyolefin plasticfoams should state the particular test or tests desired.1.4 In cases involving re
5、feree decisions, SI units shall beused.1.5 This specification does not contain test procedures orvalues for all the suffix letters listed in Table 1 and Table 2.Where the procedure is not described in this specification orspecial limits are desired, or both, the test procedures andvalues must be arr
6、anged between the purchaser and thesupplier.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.NOTE 1There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 518 Test Method for Steady-State
7、Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Heat Flow Meter ApparatusD 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubbers and Thermo-plastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic ElastomersTensionD 624 Test Method for Tear Strength of ConventionalVulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomer
8、sD 1596 Test Method for Dynamic Shock Cushioning Char-acteristics of Packaging MaterialsD 2863 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum OxygenConcentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion ofPlastics (Oxygen Index)D 3575 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials Madefrom Olefin PolymersE96 Test Met
9、hods for Water Vapor Transmission of Mate-rialsF 355 Test Method for Shock Absorbing Properties ofPlaying Surface Systems and Materials1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on CellularPlastics.Current ed
10、ition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D 4819 - 96.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume info
11、rmation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.TABLE 1 Suffix Letter DesignationsA Heat resistanceB Compression set under constant deflectionC Ozone or weather resistanceD Compression deflectionE Oil resistanceF Low temperatureG Tear resistanceH Flex resistanceI Not assigne
12、dJ Abrasion resistanceK Adhesion capabilityL Water absorptionM Flammability resistanceN Impact resistanceO Electrical propertiesP Staining resistanceQ Not assignedR1ResilienceR2Shock absorptionS Thermal stabilityT1Tensile strengthT2Ultimate elongationU Not assignedV Thermal conductivityW DensityX No
13、t assignedY Not assignedZ Special requirementsAA BuoyancyBB Compressive creepCC Dynamic cushioningDD Open cellEE Not assignedFF Water vapor transmission1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.2 Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
14、:MVSS-302 Flammability of Vehicle Interior MaterialsPassenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles, Trucksand Buses32.3 UL Standard:UL1191 Standard for Components for Personal FlotationDevices43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3Available from Department of Transportation, Washington, DC.4Available from
15、 Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.TABLE 2 Property Limits for Flexible Cellular Polyolefin MaterialsSuffixLetterProperty Test Method UnitsMaximumorMinimumSuffix Numbers and Limiting Values123456789B Compression set D 3575 % max . 5 1015202530
16、35 .D Compression deflection D 3575 kPa (psi) 15 30 40 70 105 170 275 . .min 2.0 4.0 6.0 10 15 25 40G Tear strength D 3575 or N/M (lb/in.) 7.0 14 20 27 40 55 68 . .D 624Amin 5.0 10 15 20 30 40 50L Water absorption D 3575 kg/m2. 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 1.00 . . .(lb/ft2) max 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.20M1Fla
17、mmability-ease of D 3575 or % O2min . 15 20 25 30 . . . .ignition-LOI D 2863AM2Flammability-burn rate MVSS302 mm/min . . 50 100 150 255 . . .(in./min) max 2.0 4.0 6.0 10.0R2Shock absorption-Procedure A25 mm (1 in.) thicksamplesF 355 GsBmax . 25 50 75 100 150 200 . .S Thermal stability-dimensionsCD 3
18、575 6% change max 1251015. . . .T1Tensile strength D 3575 or kPa (psi) . 140 275 345 415 550 690 . .D 412Amin 2040 50608010T2Ultimate elongation D 3575 orD 412A% min . 25 50 75 100 150 200 . .V Thermal conductivity, 25mmD 3575 W/(mK) . 0.040 0.046 0.052 0.058 0.063 . . .(1 in.) thick at 24C(75F),mea
19、n temperature 30C(86F), temperaturedifferentialMethod B orC 518A(BTU-in./(1hft2F)max 0.28 0.32 0.36 0.40 0.44W Density D 3575 kg/m3nominal 25 30 50 65 80 95 130 160 .(lb/ft3%,6) max/min 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 8.0 10.030/25 30/25 25/25 25/25 25/25 25/25 40/25 45/25AA Buoyancy, 24 h exposure at D 357
20、5 or kg/m3. 830 880 910 945 960 . . .23C (73F), under 50 mm(2.0 in.) water headUL1191A(lb/ft3) min 52 55 57 59 60BB Compressive creep, 7 kPa(1.0psi) load at 23C (73F) for1000 hD 3575 % max . 2.0 4.0 6.0 10 15 . . .CC1Dynamic cushioning, 50mmD 3575 or GsBmax . . 30 40 50 60 80 . .(2.0 in.) thick, 7 k
21、Pa (1 psi)loading, 600 mm (23.6 in.)drop, 23C (73F)D 1596ACC2Dynamic cushioning, same D 3575 or GsBmax . . 30 40 50 60 80 . .conditions as CC, exceptfor14 kPa (2 psi) loadingD 1596ACC4Dynamic cushioning, same D 3575 or GsBmax . . 30 40 50 60 80 . .conditions as CC1exceptfor28 kPa (4 psi) loadingD 15
22、96AFF Water vapor transmission E96 ng/(Pasm) . . 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.8 . .(perm-in.) max 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.2AMethods shown are equivalent.BG = The dimensionless ratio of missile acceleration during impact to the acceleration of gravity (see Test Method F 355).CPlus ( + ) sign indicates growth, minus (
23、) sign indicates shrinkage.D 4819 96 (2005)23.1.1 blendmixture of polyolefin plastic(s) with otherpolymer(s) in which at least 51 mass % is the polyolefinplastic(s).3.1.2 polyolefin plasticsmaterial based on polymers madeby the polymerization of olefins or copolymerization of olefinswith other polym
24、ers, the polyolefin being at least 51 mass %.3.1.3 resinsolid, semi-solid, or pseudo-solid organic ma-terial that has an indefinite and often high molecular weight,exhibits a tendency to flow when subject to stress, usually hasa softening or melting range, and usually fractures conchoid-ally.4. Clas
25、sification (Types, Suffix Letters, and SuffixNumbers)4.1 TypesThis specification covers two types of flexible,closed-cell polyolefin foams designated as follows:4.1.1 Type IClosed cell foams made with polyolefinplastics and either chemically or radiation crosslinked.4.1.2 Type IIClosed cell foams ma
26、de with polyolefinplastics that are non-crosslinked.4.2 Suffx LettersSuffix letters shall be added to the typedesignation (4.1) singly or in combination to indicate thenecessary requirements.4.2.1 The significance of the approved suffix letters is givenin Table 1.4.2.2 Frequently used suffix letters
27、 for polyolefin foams aregiven in Table 2. Where more than one test method exists fora given property, the suffix letters shall be followed immedi-ately by a subscript number to designate the specific procedure.4.3 Suffx NumbersEach suffix letter shall be followed bya suffix number that indicates th
28、e property limit. Table 2 liststhese suffix numbers and limiting values.NOTE 2Examples of the classification system are as follows:Specification D 4819 Type IB4D4M13T15T27W6Z1is a crosslinkedfoam with a maximum compression set of 15 %, a minimum compressiondeflection of 70 kPa (10 psi), an oxygen in
29、dex of 20 % minimum,minimum tensile strength of 415 kPa (60 psi), minimum ultimateelongation of 200 %, a nominal density of 80 kg/m3(5.0 lb/ft3), and aspecial requirement to be negotiated by the vendor and user.Specification D 4819 Type IID4T13T24R25BB4Z1Z2is a non-crosslinked foam with a compressio
30、n deflection of 70 kPa (10 psi)minimum, a minimum tensile strength of 275 kPa (40 psi), minimumultimate elongation of 75 %, shock absorption of 100 Gs maximum,compressive creep of 6 % maximum, and two special requirements.5. Ordering Information5.1 When ordering, the product shall be described bysho
31、wing the type and suffix letters and number designations asdescribed in Section 4.5.2 Minimum recommended properties for either type offoam shall include requirements for Compression Deflection(Suffix D), Tensile Strength (Suffix T1), and Ultimate Elonga-tion (Suffix T2).5.3 The properties selected
32、and values set shall be selectedto ensure the required performance of the end product.5.4 Special requirements shall be listed. Test procedures andlimits shall be established by negotiation between the pur-chaser and the supplier. Each special requirement shall belisted as Z suffix letters followed
33、by numerical subscripts.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Cellular polyolefin foams furnished under this specifi-cation shall be manufactured from any resin or blend of resinsthat are members of the polyolefin family together with addedcompounding materials of such a nature and quality that thefinishe
34、d product complies with this specification. In permittingchoice in use of those materials by the producer, it is notintended to imply that the different resins are equivalent withrespect to all physical properties. Special characteristics otherthan those prescribed in this specification that may be
35、desiredfor specific applications shall be listed in the product specifi-cations, as they may influence the choice of the type of resin orother materials used.6.2 All materials and workmanship shall be in accordancewith good commercial practice and the resulting cellularpolyolefin shall be free from
36、defects affecting serviceability.7. Color7.1 Unless otherwise specified, the color of cellular poly-olefin foams shall be natural. The foam shall contain nocolorants.8. Physical Properties8.1 The polyolefin foams shall conform to the requirementsgiven in the classification (see Section 4) and descri
37、bed inTable 2 together with any special requirements.9. Test Methods9.1 Unless specifically stated otherwise, perform all tests inaccordance with the methods specified in Test MethodsD 3575.9.2 Test methods and values for special requirements notlisted in Table 2 shall be arranged between the purcha
38、ser andthe supplier.10. Tolerances on Dimensions10.1 Tolerances on dimensions shall be as specified in Table3, unless otherwise specified.TABLE 3 Thickness TolerancesNOTE 1 Tighter tolerances, if desired, should be arranged with thesupplier.NOTE 2Some manufacturers sales tolerances are tighter than
39、thoseshown in Table 3.NOTE 3n/a: Not applicable. Products do not exist, at this time.Thickness, mm (in.)Tolerances,6 ,%Type I Type IISheets, Extruded:0.81.5 (0.0310.059) 620 6201.63.1 (0.0620.122) 615 6203.26.3 (0.1250.248) 610 6206.412.6 (0.2500.496) 610 61512.7 and thicker (0.500 and thicker) 610
40、615Planks, Extruded:38101 (1.503.98) n/a 610102 and thicker (4.00 and thicker) n/a 67Sheets, Skived:2.46.3 (0.0940.248) 620 n/a6.437 (0.5001.46) 610 n/a38 and thicker (1.50 and thicker) 615 n/aD 4819 96 (2005)311. Inspection11.1 All tests and inspection shall be made at the place ofmanufacture prior
41、 to shipment, unless otherwise specified. Themanufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilitiesfor tests and inspection.11.2 The purchaser may make the test and inspection togovern acceptance or rejection of the material at his ownlaboratory or elsewhere. Such tests and inspection sha
42、ll bemade not later than 15 days after receipt of the material.11.3 All samples for testing as required in Test MethodsD 3575 shall be visually inspected to determine compliancewith the material, workmanship, and color requirements beforetesting.12. Rejection12.1 Any material that fails in one or mo
43、re of the testrequirements may be retested. For this purpose, two additionaltests shall be made for the requirements in which failureoccurred. Failure of either of the retests shall be cause for finalrejection.12.2 Rejected material shall be disposed of as directed bythe manufacturer.13. Packaging a
44、nd Package Marking13.1 The material shall be properly and adequately pack-aged. Each package or container shall be legibly marked withthe name of the material, name or trademark of the manufac-turer, and any required purchasers designation.14. Keywords14.1 closed cell; flexible cellular materials; p
45、olyolefinspecificationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringeme
46、nt of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or
47、for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views kno
48、wn to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 4819 96 (2005)4
