1、Designation: D5098 05a (Reapproved 2010)Standard Specification forArtists Acrylic Dispersion Paints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5098; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements for compo-sition, physical properties, performance, and labeling of artistsacrylic emu
3、lsion paints.1.2 This specification covers pigments, vehicles, and addi-tives. Requirements are included for pigment identification,lightfastness, bleeding, consistency, and drying time.1.3 Table 1 lists some pigments meeting the lightfastnessrequirements in this specification. In order to identify
4、otherpigments that meet these requirements, instructions are givenfor test specimen preparation. Test methods for determiningrelative lightfastness are referenced.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This pertain
5、s only to the test method section found inSections 6 and 7, and Appendix X2. This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associatedwith its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the
6、 applicability of regulatory limitations prior touse.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in PigmentsD279 Test Methods for Bleeding of PigmentsD387 Test Method for Color and Strength of ChromaticPigments with a Mechanical MullerD476 Classification for Dry
7、 Pigmentary Titanium DioxideProductsD602 Specification for Barium Sulfate PigmentsD1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type GageD1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formationof Organic Coatings at Room TemperatureD3168 Practice for Qualitative I
8、dentification of Polymers inEmulsion PaintsD4236 Practice for Labeling Art Materials for ChronicHealth HazardsD4303 Test Methods for Lightfastness of Colorants Used inArtists MaterialsD4838 Test Method for Determining the Relative TintingStrength of Chromatic PaintsD4941 Practice for Preparing Drawd
9、owns of Artists PastePaintsE284 Terminology of Appearance3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 colour index name, nconsists of the category (typeof dye or pigment), general hue, and an assigned number givento a colorant in the Colour Index3as an international identifi-cation system.3.1.1.1 DiscussionF
10、or example, the Colour Index Nameof one phthalocyanine blue pigment is Pigment Blue 15 (PB15).3.1.2 Colour Index Number, na five-digit number given inthe Colour Index that describes the chemical constitution of acolorant.3.1.2.1 DiscussionFor example, the Colour Index Num-ber of one phthalocyanine b
11、lue pigment is 74160.3.1.3 Appearance terms used in this specification are de-fined in Terminology E284.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 acrylic emulsion paint, npaint containing a stableaqueous dispersion of polymers or copolymers of acrylic acid,methacrylic acid, esters of
12、these acids, or acrylonitrile; some-times termed latex, acrylic latex, or polymer emulsion paint.3.2.2 glycols, ngeneral term for dihydric alcohols used toprovide freeze-thaw stability in acrylic and other water-basedvehicle systems.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01
13、 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5098 05a. DOI
14、:10.1520/D5098-05AR10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Colour Index, 3rd ed., 5 Vols and Revi
15、sions. The Society of Dyers andColourists, London, 197175. Available from the American Association of TextileChemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.
16、Significance and Use4.1 This specification establishes quality requirements andprovides a basis for common understanding among producers,distributors, and users.4.2 It is not intended that all paints meeting the require-ments be identical nor of uniform excellence in all respects.Variations in manuf
17、acture, not covered by this specification,may cause some artists to prefer one brand over another, eitherof which may be acceptable under this specification.5. Labeling Requirements5.1 Pigment(s) Identification:5.1.1 Every label shall include for each pigment containedin the paint the information un
18、derlined in Table 1 whichincludes the Common Name, Colour Index Name, and anyadditional terms necessary to identify the form of the pigment.5.1.2 The complete pigment identification given in Table 1,which also includes the Colour Index Number and a simplechemical description, shall be given in an ap
19、propriate producerpublication. Manufacturers are encouraged to put this completeidentification on the container label when label size permits.5.1.3 The Common Name shall be placed on the front of thelabel and shall be the name of the paint except as described in5.1.5 and 5.1.6. Other identification
20、may be placed elsewhereon the container.5.1.4 The Colour Index Name may be spelled out in full orabbreviated depending on the size of the label. Example:Pigment Blue 15, or Pig. Blue 15 or PB 15.5.1.5 Substituted PigmentsIn the case of substituted pig-ments, the word “Hue” in equal size letters shal
21、l follow in thetitle, on the front of the tube, immediately after the name of thepigment that has been simulated. Directly below the title, theCommon Name from Table 1 of the pigment(s) used shall begiven in letters no less than the next type size smaller than thetitle; or if more than one pigment i
22、s used, then 5.1.7 coveringmixed pigments, can be followed. For example:CADMIUM RED MEDIUM HUE(Naphthol Red AS-OL)COBALT BLUE HUE(mixture)5.1.6 Proprietary names or optional names may be usedprovided the Common Name(s) given inTable 1 appears on thefront of the label directly under the proprietary o
23、r optionalname in letters no less than the next type size smaller than theproprietary or optional name; or if more than one pigment isused, then 5.1.7 covering mixed pigments, can be followed.5.1.7 Mixed PigmentsArtists paints containing more thanone pigment comply with this specification if all col
24、oredpigments included in the mixture are on the suitable pigmentlist (Table 1) and provided the mixture itself has passed allother test requirements in this specification. The CommonNames for the pigments in the mixture, or the word “Mixture,”must appear under the title in letters no less than the n
25、ext typesize smaller than the title. For example:PERMANENT GREEN LIGHT PERMANENT GREEN LIGHT(Cadmium Yellow Light, (Mixture)Phthalocyanine Blue)If the word “Mixture” is used under the title, the CommonNames of the pigments in the mixture, as given in Table 1,must be listed along with their Colour In
26、dex Names and theLightfastness Category of the mixture somewhere on the label.The lightfastness category shall be that of the least lightfastpigment. This lightfastness category may be changed if themixture is tested for lightfastness in accordance with TestMethods D4303 and results indicating a dif
27、ferent category aresubmitted to ASTM Subcommittee D01.57 for evaluation.5.2 Provide on the label identification of polymer used inthe paint.NOTE 1The type of polymer can be identified by using PracticeD3168.5.3 LightfastnessThe label shall contain the word “Light-fastness” followed by the appropriat
28、e rating, I or II, as givenfor each pigment in Table 1.5.3.1 Lightfastness I pigments, when made into paint speci-mens as described in Section 7 and exposed, tested, and ratedin accordance with Test Methods D4303, shall have a colordifference (DE*ab) of 4 or less CIELAB units between thespecimens me
29、asured before and after exposure.5.3.2 Lightfastness II pigments, when made into paintspecimens as described in Section 7 and exposed, tested, andrated in accordance with Test Methods D4303, shall have acolor difference (DE*ab) of more than 4.0 but not more than 8.0CIELAB units between the specimens
30、 measured before andafter exposure.5.3.3 Pigments were placed in a lightfastness category onthe basis of either known historical performance in art works orthe ratings from four lightfastness tests conducted as describedin Test Methods D4303. Results from further tests on these, orother pigments, ar
31、e solicited by ASTM Subcommittee D01.57.5.3.3.1 The lightfastness category of a pigment shall bechanged if results from several further tests conducted inaccordance with Test Methods D4303 and approved by ASTMSubcommittee D01.57, establish a different lightfastness cat-egory than the one given in Ta
32、ble 1.5.3.3.2 Additional pigments shall be placed in Table 1 afterthey have been tested for lightfastness in accordance with TestMethods D4303 and the test results submitted to ASTMSubcommittee D01.57 for evaluation, provided the resultsdemonstrate that the pigments have the lightfastness ratingsreq
33、uired for Lightfastness I or Lightfastness II, as described in5.3.1 and 5.3.2.5.3.4 For information and to establish nomenclature, pig-ments in Lightfastness III, IV, and V categories are given inTable X1.1 inAppendix X1. However, such pigments are not tobe used in paint conforming to this specifica
34、tion.5.4 ToxicityAll products and labeling must conform to theFederal Hazardous Substances Act and to Practice D4236.5.5 Statement of Conformance“Conforms to ASTMSpecification D5098,” or “Conforms to ASTM D5098,” or“Conforms to the quality requirements ofASTM D5098.” ThisD5098 05a (2010)2statement m
35、ay be combined with other conformance state-ments, such as, “Conforms to the quality and health require-ments of ASTM Specification D5098 and Practice D4236.”5.6 AddressInclude on the label (1) the name and addressof the manufacturer or importer and (2) the country ofmanufacture.6. Quality Assurance
36、 for Artists Acrylic Emulsion Paints6.1 Conditions not Covered in This Specification that Affectthe Quality of Artists Acrylic Emulsion Paints:6.1.1 SubstrateFactors such as the texture, gloss, effectivepH, porosity, chemical composition, and condition of thesubstrate will affect gloss, gloss unifor
37、mity, drying time,adhesion, and the flexibility of the dried film.6.1.2 Environmental ConditionsFactors such as tempera-ture, humidity, air flow, and light conditions affect applicationproperties, film formation, drying time, and adhesion.6.1.3 StorageFactors such as aging, and high and lowtemperatu
38、res may cause changes in consistency.6.2 VehiclesOnly acrylic polymer emulsions or acryliccopolymer emulsions may be used (see Note 1).6.3 PigmentsThe pigments shall be limited to those rec-ommended for use in acrylic emulsion paints in the list ofsuitable pigments in Table 1. Their lightfastness ra
39、ting shall bethe numeral given in the same row.6.4 AdditivesSurfactants, preservatives, defoamers, gly-cols, solvents, and thickeners may be used to achieve agingstability, to control foaming, to ensure freeze-thaw stability andfilm coalescence, and to obtain a desired consistency.6.5 InertsInerts s
40、hall be included only to adjust productgloss or sheen, or to produce desirable working qualities.6.6 Preparation of SampleEmpty the contents of a previ-ously unopened container onto a glass slab and mix thoroughlywith a spatula to a homogeneous sample.6.7 Coarse ParticlesPaints shall be free of over
41、size par-ticles and shall form a uniform film upon drying. The maxi-mum content of coarse particles shall be 1 weight % asdetermined by Test Methods D185.6.8 Fineness of DispersionDetermine the fineness ofdispersion by Test Method D1210. For paste paint: on a glassplate, using a spatula, mix the pai
42、nt with an equal volume ofwater until homogeneous. The maximum allowable grindreading is 40 m (1.5 mils).6.9 ConsistencyPaints shall be smooth and creamy. Thepaste type of paint shall not flow or level when applied with apalette knife.6.10 Freeze-Thaw StabilityUsing a freezer that has atemperature o
43、f 7C (20F) or lower, subject the paint to fivefreeze-thaw cycles. A freeze-thaw cycle shall consist of freez-ing the paint to a solid state (minimum of 18 h) and thenthawing the paint to room temperature (minimum of 5 h). Thepaint shall then meet the requirements of 6.7, 6.8, and 6.9.6.11 DryingUse
44、a 150-m (6-mil) clearance film applica-tor to make a uniform drawdown on a lacquer-sealed panel. Ata relative humidity of 50 to 75 % and a temperature of 18 to27C (65 to 80F), the dust-free drying time, determined inaccordance with Test Methods D1640, shall be not less than 10min.6.12 Tinting streng
45、th requirements will be included in thisspecification as appropriate tinting strength standards forindividual pigments are established. Test Method D387 may beused to determine the tinting strength of pigments or paintswhen all ingredients are known. Test Method D4838 can beused to determine the rel
46、ative tinting strength of chromaticpaints containing a single pigment and the same vehicle butwhere other ingredients are unknown.6.13 Bleeding of PigmentsDetermine the bleeding char-acteristics of the dry paint film by Test Methods D279, TestMethod B. The film of the paint to be tested shall be app
47、liedwith a 7.6-cm (3-in.) wide, 150-m (6-mil) clearance filmapplicator, following Practice D4941. The overstripe of paintused shall meet the specifications of the white described in7.4.1 of this standard. Apply the overstripe in one applicationas a drawdown at an angle perpendicular to that of the p
48、aintbeing tested. Extend this second paint layer off the first filmand over the region where black and white meet on the chart,in order to determine if the thickness is great enough to achieveopacity as determined by the Procedure section of PracticeD4941 (see Note 2). If opacity is insufficient, in
49、crease thethickness of the overstrip layer. The extent of color migrationshall be no greater than moderate, as determined by theprocedure in provided in Test Methods D279.NOTE 2Depending on the particular white paint used, a 250-m(10-mil) application may be sufficient. The 6- and 10-mil multipleclearance applicator,4has been found suitable. If the 10-mil clearanceprovides insufficient opacity, an adjustable clearance film casting knife50-6250 m (0-250 mils) will allow controlled increases in film thickness.7. Lightfastness Determination7
