1、Designation: D 5253 04Standard Terminology Relating toFloor Coverings and Textile Upholstered Furniture1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5253; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard is a compilation of all terminology devel-oped by Subcommittee D13.62 on Labeling and related torefurbishing o
3、r care of floor coverings and textile upholsteredfurniture, excluding leather. These items cannot be refurbishedby the laundering and dry cleaning methods used for appareland other domestic textile products.1.2 This document defines terms for the care of textile floorcoverings and textile upholstere
4、d furniture. The exact careinstructions and sequence of procedures are to be determinedby the manufacturer.1.3 The recommended terminology covers common mean-ings used by both textile technologists and consumers.1.4 This terminology is not applicable to unattached fabrics,such as slipcovers, used fo
5、r covering furniture.1.5 When care labels are provided, a standardized terminol-ogy in a logical sequence facilitates the maximum disclosure ofessential information in small label space and assists under-standing of recommended care practices by the consumer.1.6 The use of either a permanent or a no
6、nattached careinstruction should not preclude the use of the alternative as anadditional source of information to the consumer.1.7 The term “only” in any label term limits the procedureto the stated instruction.1.8 This terminology is unique to the care of textile floorcoverings and upholstered furn
7、iture. Meanings of the sameterms outside the industry can be found in other compilationsor dictionaries of general usage.1.9 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, Terminol-ogy D 5253 is also useful for managing the subcommitteesterminology.1.10 Terms listed are under the jurisdiction of SC
8、D13.62.1.11 For definitions of refurbishing or care terms for ap-parel, textile, home furnishing, and leather products cleaned bylaundering or dry cleaning methods, see Terminology D 3136.1.12 For definitions of other textile terms, see TerminologyD 123.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1
9、23 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labels for Textileand Leather Products Other Than Textile Floor Coveringsand Upholstered FurnitureD 3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instruc-tions for Apparel and Other Textile ProductsD 5489 Guide for Care Symbols f
10、or Care Instructions onTextile ProductsD 6322 Guide to International Test Methods Associatedwith Textile Care Procedures2.2 Other Document:16 CFR, Part 423, As Amended Effective September 1,2000 Federal Trade Commission Amendment to TradeRegulation Rule Concerning Care Labeling of TextileWearing App
11、arel, and Certain Piece Goods33. Terminologyabsorbent compound, nin textile cleaning, sponge-likeparticles which, when saturated with water or dry solventand detergent and brushed into the textile, remove soil fromthe textile. See powder cleaner.DISCUSSIONNaturally absorbent granules such as fullers
12、 earth andwood flour or synthetic granules are commonly used.absorbent pad, nfor cleaning textile floor coverings, a damptextile material (fabric, felt, sponge, or mop) used to agitateand wipe the pile and, in the process, absorb soil.bonnet, nin cleaning pile floor coverings, an absorbent padwhich
13、can be mounted under a rotary shampoo machine.brush, na hand-held cleaning tool consisting of a base intowhich bristles are inserted.DISCUSSIONBristles may vary in material, length, density of cover-age, stiffness, and type to suit various types of textiles.brush, vin refurbishing textiles, (1) to u
14、se a brush to remove1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.62 on Care Labeling.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1996
15、as D 5253 96.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office
16、Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.surface particulate soils, (2) work a cleaning solution or spotcleaning agent into carpet pile o
17、r upholstery fabric, or (3)restore the appearance of pile fabrics.carpet shampoo, nSee shampoo.carpet sweep, vremove loose soil particles and lint from thetextile floor covering surface using a carpet sweeper.chemical wash, nin rug cleaning, a specialized professionalprocess used on oriental rugs.cy
18、lindrical wet-scrub extraction, na carpet cleaningmethod in which (1) a cleaning agent is sprayed onto thecarpet, and (2) soil and cleaning agents are removed by amachine which feeds water into two counter-rotatingbrushes.dry, vin in-plant textile floor covering cleaning, suspendtextile floor coveri
19、ng in a heated room until dry.dry cleaning, nin textile floor covering cleaning, a depre-cated term. See the preferred term, dry extraction cleaning.dry extraction clean, vin cleaning upholstered furnitureand textile floor coverings, brush an absorbent compoundinto the fabric, allow to dry, and remo
20、ve by suction,following manufacturers instructions.DISCUSSIONSponge-like particles absorb the soil from the yarns.The soil-laden particles are removed by suction from the carpet. (Syn.powder cleaning.)dry foam extraction cleaning, na process by which a highlyaerated, low moisture content shampoo is
21、brushed throughthe textile floor covering pile or applied to the surface ofupholstery.DISCUSSIONThe foam holds the soil in suspension and is simulta-neously removed by a cylindrical brush machine incorporating abuilt-in suction recovery system or hand-held wet sponges.dry solvent, nany organic solve
22、nt used to dissolve anothermaterial. See solvent.extraction cleaning, na general term for a number ofrefurbishing methods in which the cleaning agent is deliv-ered onto the textile product, agitated, and simultaneouslyremoved by suction.extraction cleaning, dry foam, nSee dry foam extractioncleaning
23、.extraction cleaning, hot water, nSee hot water extractioncleaning.extraction cleaning, rotary, nSee rotary extraction clean-ing.extraction cleaning, steam, na deprecated term since nosteam is used. See the preferred term, hot water extractioncleaning.foam, nin cleaning textiles, a frothy mass of fi
24、ne bubblesgenerated by whipping or agitating a shampoo.DISCUSSIONArotary brush shampooing machine normally producesa foam as the brushes rotate over the carpet pile. Cleaning agents whichdispense a foam from aerosol cans can be purchased.foam clean, vuse a prepared foam to clean.foam cleaning, na pr
25、ocess in which a prepared foam isapplied to a textile product, scrubbed in, allowed to dry, andthe encapsulated soil is removed by suction.hot waterextraction cleaning, na process in which a heatedsolution of detergent is sprayed into the textile material andimmediately removed by a wet suction nozz
26、le behind thespray-head.in-plant cleaning, nfor textile floor coverings, cleaningprocess performed in a facility away from the location wherethe product is used.on-location cleaning, nfor textile floor coverings and up-holstered furniture, a cleaning process performed in thelocation where a product
27、is used.“P”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.pad clean, vclean using an absorbent pad.pilate, va deprecated term. See the preferred term, pile lift.pile lift, vraise the pile on a textile floor covering.DISCUSSIONThe pile of textile floor coverings is raised to an erectposition to
28、loosen embedded soil so that it can be more readilyremoved. Pile may be lifted by a vacuum cleaner having rotatingbrushes, by a manually manipulated toothed tool, or by a powered pilelifter.pile lofting, nSee the preferred term, pile lift.powder cleaner, na cleaning agent in which an absorbentcompou
29、nd is the principal ingredient. See absorbent com-pound.powder cleaning, nSee the preferred term, dry extractioncleaning.prespot, nSee pretreat.pretreat, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, apply a cleaning agent to spots, stains,and areas of high soil concentration
30、 prior to overall cleaningto maximize activation time and facilitate soil removal.remove loose soil, vsubject textile to agitation, impact, andsuction to remove dust and particulate soil.rotary extraction cleaning, na cleaning procedure whichuses a rotating brush machine or a series of rotating jets
31、through which shampoo is fed or sprayed into the carpet pileand simultaneously removed by suction.rotary shampoo, vclean using a brush or bonnet-typemachine to impregnate the textile floor covering with afoam. After drying, vacuum loosened soil. See also rotaryextraction cleaning.DISCUSSIONSome mach
32、ines extract the soiled solution immediately.If not extracted, after the carpet has dried it must be cleaned by suctionto remove loosened soil.routine maintenance, nin textile cleaning, superficial dailyor weekly cleaning to remove particulate soil and dust.“S”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning
33、instructions.shampoo, nin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, a solution of detergent in waterformulated for specialized cleaning tasks.shampoo, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings, use acleaning machine which applies detergent solution, brushesit in, rinses, an
34、d extracts as much water as possible.solvent, nany liquid used to dissolve another material.DISCUSSIONWater is the most commonly used solvent, and in textilecleaning its use is commonly referred to as “cleaning on the wet side.”D5253042So-called “dry” cleaning solvents may be any of various combusti
35、blehydrocarbons or noncombustible chlorinated hydrocarbons, such asperchloroethylene, which are primarily used to dissolve oily, greasy,and waxy soils.sour, vin refurbishing textiles, to neutralize the alkalinity ofa material after cleaning by using a weak acid such as aceticacid or an acid-forming
36、salt.spot clean, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, remove localized spots and stains bytreating them with cleaning agents and mechanical actionsspecific to the fiber, fabric, and product type and the foreignmaterial present.DISCUSSIONSee manufacturers letter code
37、for upholstery fabrics.steam cleaning, na deprecated term since no steam is used.Use the preferred term, hot water extraction cleaning.steam extraction cleaning, na deprecated term since nosteam is used. Use the preferred term, hot water extractioncleaning.upholstery cleaning instructions, nany of t
38、he various lettercodes supplied by the fabric manufacturer to provide accept-able cleaning methods.DISCUSSIONThe following codes are intended to be used withdetailed instructions (see Table 1) included on the label:“S”clean with dry solvent cleaner only. Do not saturate. Donot use water or solutions
39、 containing water. Pile fabrics mayrequire brushing to restore appearance. Cushion coversshould not be removed and dry cleaned.“W”clean only with water-based shampoo or foam uphol-stery cleaner. Do not saturate with the liquid. Do not use drysolvents to spot or clean. Pile fabrics may require brushi
40、ng torestore appearance. Cushion covers should not be removedand laundered.“WS”clean with shampoo, foam, or dry cleaning solvents asdesired. Do not saturate with any the liquid. Pile fabrics mayrequire brushing to restore appearance. Cushion coversshould not be removed and laundered or dry cleaned.“
41、X”do not clean with either water cleaner or solvent-basedcleaner. Use a vacuum cleaner or light brush only.“P”professionally clean only, an alternate to the “S” drycleaning term although not in customary usage.vacuum clean, vtto remove loose particulate soil, lint, andembedded soil by suction using
42、an electrically poweredmachine.“W”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.wipe, vin upholstery cleaning, clean face-coated upholsteryfabrics by removing surface soil with a sponge or clothwetted with a mild detergent, soap solution, or coated fabriccleaner formulated for the purpose. Do
43、not use dry solventcleaner.“WS”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.“X”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.4. Keywords4.1 care; floor covering; refurbishing; terminology; uphol-stered furnitureTABLE 1 Care Terms for Refurbishing Textile UpholsteredFurnitureLabel Term I
44、nstructionsRoutine RefurbishingBrush Use a hand-held brush to remove surfaceparticulate soils. May also be used to restore theappearance of pile fabrics.Spot clean Remove localized spots and stains by treatingthem with cleaning agents and mechanicalactions specific to the fiber, fabric, and productt
45、ype and foreign material present. Note: Seemanufacturers letter code for upholstery fabrics.Note: See manufacturers letter code forupholstery fabrics.Vacuum clean(D 4852)Remove loose particulate soil, lint, and embeddedsoil by suction using an electrically poweredmachine.Wipe Clean face-coated uphol
46、stery fabrics by removingsurface soil with a sponge or cloth wetted with amild detergent or soap solution or coated fabriccleaner formulated for the purpose. Do not usedry solvent cleaner.Overall Cleaning of Upholstery FabricsS Clean with a dry solvent cleaner only. Do notsaturate. Do not use water
47、or solutionscontaining water. Pile fabrics may requirebrushing to restore appearance. Cushion coversshould not be removed and dry cleaned.W Clean only with water-based shampoo or foamupholstery cleaner. Do not saturate with theliquid. Do not use dry solvents to spot or clean.Pile fabrics may require
48、 brushing to restoreappearance. Cushion covers should not beremoved and laundered.WS Clean with shampoo, foam, or dry cleaningsolvents as desired. Do not saturate with any theliquid. Pile fabrics may require brushing torestore appearance. Cushion covers should notbe removed and laundered or dry clea
49、ned.X Do not clean with either water cleaner or solvent-based cleaner. Use a vacuum cleaner or lightbrushing only.Dry extraction clean Brush an absorbent compound into the fabric, allowto dry, and remove by suction, followingmanufacturers instructions.Overall Cleaning of Coated FabricsWipe Clean face-coated upholstery fabrics by removingsurface soil with a sponge or cloth wetted with amild detergent, soap solution, or coated fabriccleaner formulated for the purpose. Do not usedry solvent cleaner.D5253043TABLE 2
