1、Designation: D 5336 03Standard Specification forPolyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers polyphthalamide materialssuitable for injection molding.1.2 The properties included in this specificati
3、on are thoserequired to identify the compositions covered. There may beother requirements necessary to identify particular character-istics important to specialized applications. These may bespecified by using suffixes as given in Section 5.1.3 This specification allows for the use of recycled mate-
4、rials provided that all specification requirements are met.1.4 This specification is intended to be a means of callingout plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items orparts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Materialselection should be made by those having expertise in
5、theplastics field after careful consideration of the design and theperformance required of the part, the environment to which itwill be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, theinherent properties of the material other than those covered bythis specification, and the economics.1.5 The val
6、ues stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10).1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It i
7、s the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are givenin Note 6.NOTE 1There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.2. Referenced Docume
8、nts2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise
9、PositionD 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Ter
10、ms Relating toPlasticsD 2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of PolymersD 3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures of Poly-mers by Differential Scanning CalorimetryD 3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens ofThermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 3835 Test Method for De
11、termination of Properties ofPolymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary RheometerD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-rialsD 4019 Test Method for Moisture in Plastics by Coulomet-ric Regeneration of Phosphorus PentoxideD 5225 Test
12、Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity ofPolymers with a Differential ViscometerD 5630 Test Method for Ash Content in ThermoplasticsD 5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the D 4000FormatE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsIEEE/A
13、STM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:UL94 Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Mate-rials33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used in this specificationis in accordance with Terminologie
14、s D 883 and D 1600.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials(Section D20.15.09).Current edition approved November 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last p
15、revious edition approved in 2000 as D 5336 - 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available fr
16、om Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2 Definitions of Terms
17、Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 polyphthalamide, PPA, na polyamide in which resi-dues of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid or a combinationof the two comprise at least 55 molar percentage of thedicarboxylic acid portion of the repeating structural units in thepolymer chain.4. Classification4.1 T
18、he polyphthalamide materials will be designated“PPA,” as specified in Terminology D 1600.4.2 Unreinforced polyphthalamide materials are classifiedinto groups according to crystallinity. These groups are subdi-vided into classes and grades as shown in Table PPA.NOTE 2An example of this classification
19、 system is as follows:The designation PPA0121 would indicate from Table PPA:PPA = Polyphthalamide as found in Terminology D 160001 (Group) = Semicrystalline PPA2 (Class) = Low-temperature molding material1 (Grade) = With the corresponding requirements shown in Table PPA4.2.1 To facilitate the incorp
20、oration of future or specialmaterials, the “other/unspecified” category (00) for group, (0)for class, and (0) for grade is shown. The basic properties of thematerial can be obtained from Table A as they apply.4.3 Reinforced and lubricated versions of the polyphthala-mide materials are classified in
21、accordance with Tables PPAandA, where Table PPAspecifies the unreinforced material andTable A the properties after the addition of reinforcements orlubricants at the nominal level indicated (see 4.3.1).4.3.1 A single letter shall be used to indicate the majorreinforcement, or filler, or combinations
22、 of reinforcements orfillers, or both, along with two digits that indicate the percent-age of additive(s) by total mass, with tolerances as tabulated asfollows:Symbol Material Tolerance (Based on the Total Mass)C Carbon or graphite fiber 63%G Glass reinforced 63%L Lubricants by agreement between the
23、 supplier andthe userM Mineral 63%R Combinations of reinforce-ments or fillers, or both63 % for the total reinforcement orfiller, or bothTABLE PPA Requirements for Unreinforced Polyphthalamide ResinsGroup Description Class Description Grade DescriptionInherentViscosityAdL/gMeltingTemperature,BCGlass
24、TransitionB,Tg, C01 semicrystalline 1 high-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.06 305-320 115-130PPA 0 Other2 low-temperature molding 1 0.85-1.05 320-335 90-1052 0.85-0.95 290-305 85-953 0.85-1.05 300-315 85-950 Other0 Other 0 Other00 Other 0 Other 0 OtherAPractice D 2857 or Test Method D 5225 with conditi
25、ons as specified in 12.6 of this specification.BTest Method D 3418 using a heating rate of 10C/min.TABLE A Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAsNOTEAll mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Inherent viscosity,ATest Metho
26、dD 2857, dL/g, minB0.60 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1CTensile strength, Test Method D 638D,MPaEpsi, minB45 6500 75 10 900 90 13 000 100 14 500 135 19 600 200 29 000 230 33 400 255 37 000CFlexural modulus, Test Method D 790F,GPA kpsi, minB1.5 218 2.5 363 3.0 435 5.5 798 6.5 943 10.0 1450 13.5 1958 15.
27、0 2175CIzod impact, Test Method D 256GJ/mHft-lbf/in, minB20 0.38 40 0.75 60 1.1 90 1.6 100 1.9 350 6.6 500 9.4 650 12.1CDeflection Temperature Test MethodD 648I, C, minB100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285CASee 12.6 of this specification for specific conditions.BUnspecified requirement.CSpecific value mu
28、st be given in call-out.DTest Method D 638, Type I tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be as described in 12.2 of this specification.EMPa 3 145 = psi.FTest Method D 790 with a 1-mm 0.05-in./min testing speed.GTest Methods D 256, Test Method A.HJ/m 3 0.01873 = ft-lb/in.ITest Method D 648, using 1
29、820-kPa 264-psi stress.D53360324.3.1.1 This part of the specification uses the type andpercentage of additive to designate the modification of thebasic material. To facilitate this designation, the type andpercentage of additive can be shown on the suppliers technicaldata sheet unless it is propriet
30、ary in nature. If necessary,additional requirements shall be indicated by use of the suffixpart of the system, as given in Section 5.4.3.2 Table A Detail RequirementsAn identifying numberis made up of the letter “A” and five digits comprising the cellnumbers in the order in which the properties appe
31、ar.4.3.2.1 Although the values listed in Table A are necessaryto include the range of properties available in existing materi-als, users should not infer that every possible combination ofthe properties exists or can be obtained.4.3.3 An example of this classification system for a 33 %glass-reinforc
32、ed polyphthalamide material is as follows:PPA0121G33A56577PPA0121 = Semicrystalline, low-temperature molding grade polyphthalamidefrom Table PPA,G33 = Glass reinforced at 33 % nominal,A = Table A property requirements,5 = Inherent viscosity, min 0.85 dL/g,6 = Tensile strength, min 200 MPa,5 = Flexur
33、al modulus, min 6.5 GPa,7 = Izod impact, min 500 J/m,7 = Deflection temperature, min 260C, andIf no properties are specified, the designation would be PPA0121G33.5. Suffixes5.1 When additional requirements are needed for the mate-rials covered in this specification that are not covered in TablesPPA
34、or A, then those requirements shall be designated throughthe use of suffixes.5.1.1 Alist of suffixes can be found in Classification SystemD 4000 (Table 3) and may be used for additional requirementsas appropriate.5.2 If the requirements for the polyphthalamide material in4.3.3 also included flammabi
35、lity requirements, the followingexample illustrates the call-out:PPA0121G33A56577FL34PPA0121G33A56577 = Same as 4.3.3F = Flammability requirementsL=UL94 recognition required3 = UL recognition at 0.80-mm min thickness4 = UL rating 94V-06. Basic Requirements6.1 Basic requirements from Tables PPA and A
36、, as theyapply, are always in effect unless these requirements aresuperseded by specific suffix requirements, which always takeprecedence.7. General Requirements7.1 The material compositions shall be uniform and shallconform to the requirements specified herein.8. Detail Requirements8.1 Test specime
37、ns for the various materials shall conformto the requirements prescribed in Tables PPA and A, and thesuffix requirements as they apply.8.2 For the purpose of determining conformance, all speci-fied limits in this specification are absolute limits, as defined inPractice E29.8.2.1 With the absolute me
38、thod, an observed value or acalculated value is not rounded, but is to be compared directlyto the specified limiting value. Conformance or nonconfor-mance with this specification is based on this comparison.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 13.4. A
39、 lot of material shall be considered as aunit of manufacture as prepared for shipment, and may consistof two or more “production runs” or batches.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 Mold test specimens by an injection molding process(see Practice D 3641). Use the following conditions:Class Grade Melt Tempe
40、rature C F Mold Temperature min, C F1 all 325-335 620-635 135 2752 1 and 3 330-345 625-650 65 1502 2 320-330 605-625 65 15010.2 Materials used in the preparation of test specimensshall contain no more than 0.2 % moisture.NOTE 3If the moisture content exceeds the limits previously stated,the material
41、 may be dried by a variety of methods such as a temperatureof 80 - 100C in vacuum or a stream, of nitrogen or a desiccant bed dryer,or both, until the moisture content is within the stated limits.11. Conditioning11.1 Obtain test data using dry-as-molded specimens, de-fined as those that immediately
42、upon removal from the moldare sealed in containers that are impermeable to water vapor.Condition specimens a minimum of 12 h in sealed containersat 23 6 2C prior to testing.NOTE 4Physical properties of polyphthalamides are dependent uponthe moisture content of the molded item. The user should refer
43、to themanufacturers literature for details.11.2 Conduct tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere(see Practice D 618)of236 2C and 506 5 % relativehumidity. Do not remove individual specimens from sealedcontainers until immediately before testing.12. Test Methods12.1 Determine the properties enumer
44、ated in this specifica-tion by means of test methods referenced.12.2 Tensile StrengthTest Method D 638, using a Type Itest specimen and a testing speed of 5 mm 0.2 in./min or 50mm 2.0 in./min if elongation exceeds 10 %.12.3 Flexural Strength and ModulusTest Methods D 790,using a testing speed of 1 m
45、m 0.05 in./min.12.4 Izod ImpactTest Methods D 256, Test Method A.12.5 Deflection TemperatureTest Method D 648, using amaximum outer fiber stress of 1820 kPa 264 psi.12.6 Inherent ViscosityTest Method D 2857 or D 5225with the following modifications:12.6.1 SolventPrepare a filtered solution containin
46、g a60/40 weight percent of phenol/S tetrachloroethane (TCE).NOTE 5Warning: Phenol tetrachloroethane is a very dangerous sol-vent. It is toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and absorption. Refer to theD5336033appropriate material safety data sheet for information on the properhandling of this material.12
47、.6.2 Sample SizeUse a sample size of 0.400 6 0.003 gof resin/100 mL of solvent. If the sample contains filler, takethe appropriate sample size from the following:% Ash Sample Size, g10 0.444420 0.500025 0.533330 0.571435 0.615440 0.666645 0.7273NOTE 6A sample size to produce a resin concentration of
48、 0.4g/100mL shall be used. The sample sizes shown in the table werecalculated by the following equation:sample weight 50.4100 % filler3 100 (1)12.6.3 Dissolve the sample in the inherent viscosity (IV)solvent by heating and stirring on a hot plate. Monitor thetemperature with a surface thermometer to
49、 be sure that it doesnot exceed 130C.12.6.4 If the sample contains a filler, it must be filtered toremove the filler after all of the resin has dissolved.12.6.5 Calculation:IV 5ln 5StBtSw!100 % ash!100(2)where:IV = inherent viscosity at 30C, dL/g,St= average sample flow time, s,Bt= average blank flow time, s, andSw= sample weight, g.12.7 Moisture:12.7.1 Moisture can be determined coulometrically by ei-ther of the methods described in 12.8 and 12.9.12.8 Moisture Deter
