1、Designation: D 5862 06An American National StandardStandard Test Method forEvaluation of Engine Oils in Two-Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA Diesel Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5862; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, w
3、ithout outside assistance.However, theASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2provides reference oils and an assessment of thetest results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (seeAnnex A1). By this means, the laboratory willknow whether their use of the test method gives results statistically similar
4、 to those obtained by otherlaboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services inseeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such arequirement, in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specification
5、s.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test methodthat refer to the TMC.This test method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the
6、TMC. In addition,the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to this test method. (See Annex A1.)1. Scope1.1 This test method3describes a two-stroke cycle dieselengine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certainhigh-temperature performance characteristics, particularly cyl-inder line
7、r scuffing and piston ring face distress, but alsoincluding port plugging, slipper bushing, and piston skirtdistress. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade andmultiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It iscommonly known as the 6V92TA test. (See Note 1.)NOTE 1Companion test m
8、ethods used to evaluate other engine oilperformance characteristics for specification requirements are discussed inEngine Oil testsSAE J304.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard t
9、o establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazardstatements are given in Sections 8, 10, 13, and 14.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as the standard. T
10、he values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore eachsystem must be used independently of the other, withoutcombining values in any way.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5App
11、aratusGeneral Description 6ApparatusLaboratory and Test Stand Requirements 7ApparatusTest Engine 8Test Engine 8.1Engine Parts 8.2Special Cleaning Procedures 8.3Periodic Maintenance Inspections 8.4Engine Build-up Procedures 8.5Measurement Instrumentation 9Temperatures 9.1Pressures 9.2Reagents and Mat
12、erials 10Test Fuel 10.1Test Oil 10.2Coolant 10.3Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds 10.4Hazards 11Laboratory and Test Stand Calibration 121This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.02 on He
13、avy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published November 2006. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 586203.2ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489.Fax number: 412-365-1045. Web page: http:/www.astmtmc.cmu.edu/.
14、This testmethod is supplemented by Information Letters and memoranda issued by the TMC.Users of this test method shall contact the TMC to obtain the most recent of these.This edition incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through No. 061.3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM Internatio
15、nal Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR: D02-1319.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Test Procedure 13Pre-Test Procedure 13.1Engine Operating Procedure 13.2Periodic Measurements and Functions
16、 13.3Diagnostic Data Review 13.4End of Test Procedure 13.5Interpretation of Test Results 14Parts Rating AreaEnvironment 14.1Piston Rings 14.2Cylinder Liner 14.3Piston Pin Slipper Bushing 14.4Rocker Arm Bushing 14.6Referee Rating 14.7Preparation of Report 15Test Numbering 15.1Operational Data 15.2Pho
17、tographs 15.3Electronic Transmission of Test Results 15.4Precision and Bias 16Keywords 17AnnexesASTM Test Monitoring Center Annex A1Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A2Engine Part Number Listing Annex A3Test Fuel Analysis A3.1Report Forms Annex A5Data Dictionary Annex A6Appendi
18、xesOil Producers Affidavit AppendixX1English to Metric Conversion for the 6V92TA Test AppendixX2Engine Build-up Forms AppendixX32. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Clevela
19、ndOpen Cup TesterD 240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of LiquidHydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD 287 Test Method forAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic
20、Viscos-ity)D 482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD 613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD 2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD 2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate Fuels by Centrifu
21、geD 2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution ofPetroleum Fractions by Gas ChromatographyD 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, PetroleumProducts, and LubricantsD 4485 Specification for Performance of Engine OilsD 4863 Test Method for Determination of Lubricity ofTwo-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline E
22、ngine LubricantsD 4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination byPotentiometric TitrationD 5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Ele-ments, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricat-ing Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in BaseOils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emiss
23、ionSpectrometry (ICP-AES)D 5302 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation and Wear in aSpark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled withGasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions5D 5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive
24、 EngineOils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID)5E 344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-etryG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion2.2 SAE Standards:6SAE J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine ServiceClassificationSAE J304 Engine Oil Tests2.3 Military Specifications:7MIL-L-210
25、4 Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion Engine,Combat/Tactical Service3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 additive, na material added to another, usually insmall amounts, to impart or enhance desirable properties or tosuppress undesirable properties. D 41753.1.2 calibrate, vto determine the indicatio
26、n or output ofa measuring device with respect to that of a standard. E 3443.1.3 candidate oil, nan oil which is intended to have theperformance characteristics necessary to satisfy a specificationand is to be tested against that specification. D 58443.1.4 corrosion, nthe chemical or electrochemical
27、reac-tion between a material, usually a metal surface and itsenvironment, that can produce a deterioration of the materialand its properties. D 58443.1.5 debris, nin internal combustion engines, solid con-taminant materials unintentionally introduced into the engineor resulting from wear.3.1.6 engin
28、e oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, orboth, between the moving parts within an engine, removesheat, particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves asa combustion gas sealant for the piston rings.3.1.6.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhancecertain properties. Inhibition o
29、f engine rusting, deposit forma-tion, valve train wear, oil oxidation and foaming are examples.3.1.7 free piston ring, nin internal combustion engines,apiston ring that will fall in its groove under its own weight4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cu
30、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5Withdrawn.6This standard is not available separately. Either order the SAE Handbook Vol3, or the SAE Fuels and Lubricants Standards Manual HS 23 fr
31、om: Society ofAutomotive Engineers, Inc., 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.7Available from the Standardization Documents Order Desk, Building 4, SectionD, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.D5862062when the piston, with the ring in a horizontal plane, is turned90 (putting
32、 the ring in a vertical plane). (Subcommittee BGlossary8)3.1.8 heavy-duty, adjin internal combustion engine op-eration, characterized by average speeds, power output, andinternal temperatures that are close to the potential maximums.D 44853.1.9 heavy-duty engine, nin internal combustion en-gines, on
33、e that is designed to allow operation continuously ator close to its peak output. D 44853.1.10 lubricant, nany material interposed between twosurfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, betweenthem.3.1.11 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a referenceoil, such as a research formulation,
34、 commercial oil, or candi-date oil. D 58443.1.12 plugging, nthe restriction of a flow path due to theaccumulation of material along the flow path boundaries.3.1.13 reference oilan oil of known performance charac-teristics, used as a basis for comparison. D 58443.1.13.1 DiscussionReference oils are u
35、sed to calibratetesting facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, orto evaluate other materials (such as seals) that interact withoils.3.1.14 scoring, nin tribology, a severe form of wearcharacterized by the formation of extensive grooves andscratches in the direction of sliding. G403.1.
36、15 scuffng, nin lubrication, damage caused by instan-taneous localized welding between surfaces in relative motionwhich does not result in immobilization of the parts. D 48633.1.16 soot, nin internal combustion engines, sub-micronsize particles, primarily carbon, created in the combustionchamber as
37、products of incomplete combustion.3.1.17 tight piston ring, nin internal combustion engines,a piston ring that will not fall in its groove under its own weightwhen the piston, with the ring in a horizontal plane, is turned90 (putting the ring in a vertical plane); by subsequentapplication of moderat
38、e finger pressure, the ring will bedisplaced. Subcommittee B Glossary83.1.18 used oil, nany oil that has been in a piece ofequipment (for example, an engine, gearbox, transformer, orturbine), whether operated or not. D 41753.1.19 wear, nthe loss of material from, or relocation ofmaterial on, a surfa
39、ce.3.1.19.1 DiscussionWear generally occurs between twosurfaces moving relative to each other, and is the result ofmechanical or chemical action or by a combination of me-chanical and chemical actions. D 53023.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 liner scuffng, nscuffing characteri
40、zed by verticalmarkings in the direction of piston motion which obscurevisual detection of the honing crosshatch pattern of the liner.3.2.2 test, nany engine run-time accumulated beyond thebreak-in conducted according to this test method.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A 500 horsepower 6V92TA diesel en
41、gine9is completelydisassembled, solvent-cleaned, measured, and assembled usingnew parts as specified.4.2 The engine is installed on a test stand equipped with theappropriate accessories for controlling speed, load, and variousother engine operating parameters.4.3 The engine is charged with the test
42、oil and operated for6 h and 10 min on a break-in cycle. An airbox inspection ismade after break-in to determine cylinder liner scuffing as ameasure of the suitability of the engine build.4.4 Following the break-in, the engine is operated understeady state conditions at both high load and high power
43、for 7cycles, totaling 100 h running time. Each cycle includes a heatsoak and cool-down portion. This test stresses the lubricantthermally and mechanically to duplicate the service typical ofthese types of engines in use today.4.5 Used oil samples are taken every 16 h with viscometriccharacteristics,
44、 metals, and base number (TBN) measured on afixed schedule.4.6 At the end of the test, the engine is disassembled, andthe rings, liners, slipper bushings, and piston skirts are visuallyinspected for those signs of distress that relate to overall enginelife.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method
45、 was developed to evaluate dieselengine oils for protection against ring and liner distress causedby high thermal and mechanical loading.5.2 Liner scuffing and ring distress experienced in this testmethod are measures of the oils ability to protect againstscuffing and scoring under high power and hi
46、gh load conditionstypical of service experienced by engines in use today.5.3 Piston pin slipper bushing wear, piston skirt tin removal,and liner port plugging are also examined in this test fordistress which relates to overall engine life.5.4 This test method was developed to correlate with fieldexp
47、erience using oils of known good and poor protectionagainst ring and liner distress.5.5 The 6V92TA engine oil test is used in specifications andclassifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following:5.5.1 Specification D 4485,5.5.2 Military Specification MIL-L-2104, and5.5.3 SAE Classific
48、ation J 183.6. ApparatusGeneral Description6.1 The test engine is based on an 9 L Detroit Diesel6V92TA, turbo-supercharged, aftercooled, two-stroke cyclediesel engine.6.2 Use an engine test stand equipped to control enginespeed and load, various temperatures, and other parameters.6.3 Use appropriate
49、 air conditioning or heating apparatus, orboth, as necessary to control the temperature of the intake air.8Available from the Secretary of the ASTM D02.B0 Subcommittee.9A Detroit Diesel 6V92TA engine shall be used; purchase it from a local DetroitDiesel Distributor. If it is necessary to locate a distributor, contact the TestDeveloper: Attention: Sequence 6V92TA Test Developer, Detroit Diesel Corpora-tion, Fuels and Lubricants, 13400 West Outer Drive, Detroit, MI 48239-4001.D58620636.4 Use an appropriate fuel supply system.7. ApparatusLaboratory
