1、Designation: D5968 17Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Corrosiveness of Diesel Engine Oil at 121 C1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5968; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe method described in this test method is based on the gas turbine lubricant corrosion andoxidation test described in Federal
3、 Test Method Standard 791, Method 5308. Because this test methodrelates to corrosion in diesel engines rather than in gas turbines, temperatures, metal coupons, andcertain parts of the test procedure were modified to be more appropriate for heavy duty diesel engines.The method described in this test
4、 method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, withoutoutside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2provides reference oils andan assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A1). By thesemeans, the laboratory will know whether the
5、ir use of the test method gives results statistically similarto those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilizethe TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Armyimposes such a requirement in conne
6、ction with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test methodthat refer to the TMC.This test method ma
7、y be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the method (see Annex A1). For otherinformation, refer to the research report on the Cummins Bench Corrosion Test.31. Scope*1.1 This test method is used to test diesel en
8、gine lubricantsto determine their tendency to corrode various metals, specifi-cally alloys of lead and copper commonly used in camfollowers and bearings. Correlation with field experience hasbeen established.41.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurem
9、ent are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of re
10、gulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazard statements are given in 5.3.1, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9,6.10, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.5, and 7.4.1.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principl
11、es for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:5D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-leum Products by Copper Strip TestD5185 T
12、est Method for Multielement Determination of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October
13、 2017. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5968 14. DOI:10.1520/D5968-17.2ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489.(http:/www.astmtmc.cmu.edu/)3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by re
14、questing Research Report RR:D02-1322. The research report andthis test method are supplemented by Information Letters and Memoranda issued bythe ASTM Test Monitoring Center. This edition incorporates revisions contained inall information letters through No. 17-1. Users of this test method shall cont
15、act theASTM Test Monitoring Center to obtain the most recent of these.4Wang, J. C., and Cusano, C. M., “Development of A Bench Test to Detect OilsCorrosive to Engine Components,” SAE Technical Paper No. 940790, 1994.5For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
16、 Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc
17、ken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organiz
18、ation Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils byInductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrom-etry (ICP-AES)E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 U.S. Federal Test Method Standards
19、:6Federal Test Method Standard 791, Method 5308.7 Corro-siveness and Oxidation Stability of Light Oils (MetalSquares)3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Four metal coupons of copper, lead, tin, and phosphorbronze are immersed in a measured amount of engine oil. Theoil, at an elevated temperature, is blown
20、with air for a period oftime. When the test is completed, the coupons and the stressedoil are examined to detect corrosion.3.2 An industrial reference oil is tested with each group oftests to verify test acceptability.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is intended to simulate the corrosionp
21、rocess of non-ferrous metals in diesel lubricants. The corro-sion process under investigation is that believed to be inducedprimarily by inappropriate lubricant chemistry rather thanlubricant degradation or contamination. This test method hasbeen found to correlate with an extensive fleet databaseco
22、ntaining corrosion-induced cam and bearing failures.5. Apparatus5.1 The main apparatus consists of the following items ofstandard wall borosilicate glassware as shown in Figs. 1-6.5.1.1 Main Sample Tube, Fig. 1.5.1.2 Sample Tube Head, Fig. 2.5.1.3 Air Tube, Fig. 3.5.1.4 Thermocouple Tube, Fig. 4.5.1
23、.5 Condenser, Allihn Type, Fig. 5.5.1.6 Assembled Apparatus, Fig. 6.5.2 Additional glassware items and assembly accessoriesneeded are:5.2.1 Spacers (for metal specimen), of borosilicate glass,standard wall, 9 mm outside diameter, 6 mm length.5.2.2 Oil Sampling Tube, Borosilicate Glass, 4 mm outsided
24、iameter, with sampling end approximately 600 mm to reachinto main sample tube. Tube is bent U-shape with exit endfitted by a one-hole stopper to a 25 mL filtering flask. Exit endmay be any convenient length.5.2.3 Adapter,7,8Polytetrafluoroethylene for 10/18 joint forsealing of air tube to sample tub
25、e head.5.3 Other items and equipment are:5.3.1 Heating Bath, constant temperature control within60.5 C of test temperature with an immersion depth of 23 cmto 35 cm. Oil or aluminum baths are recommended.(WarningThere are exposed hot surfaces on apparatus.Avoid skin contact by use of protective equip
26、ment.)6Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.7A satisfactory source for this item is Kontes Glass Co., Vineland, NJ 08360.8The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis noted in
27、 the adjoining footnote. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, pleaseprovide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.FIG. 1 Sample TubeFIG. 2 Sample Tube HeadD5968 1725.3.2 Ho
28、od Ventilation, to adequately remove fumes duringheating.5.3.3 Air Supply, use air from a clean, dry source.5.3.4 Flowmeter, capable of measuring 10 L h 6 1 L/h.5.3.5 Balance, analytical sensitivity 0.1 mg.5.3.6 Balance, Laboratory, 2500 g capacity, 0.1 g sensitiv-ity.5.3.7 Assembly Fixture, wood sl
29、otted to hold couponssquares (assembly as shown in Fig. 7) for tying with wire.5.3.8 When air needs to be conditioned there is a need for anair drier. The method used is optional provided the aircharacteristics of 5.3.3 are attained. For drying, a satisfactorymethod is the use of a glass column cont
30、aining 8-meshanhydrous calcium sulfate with a column diameter such thatvelocity of air does not exceed 1.2 m/min.FIG. 3 Air TubeFIG. 4 Thermocouple TubeFIG. 5 Condenser, Allihn TypeFIG. 6 Assembled ApparatusD5968 1735.3.9 Oven, optional, to dry glassware at elevated tempera-ture.5.3.10 Forceps, stai
31、nless steel.5.3.11 Thermocouple.5.3.12 Brush, short-bristled, stiff (old-style typewriter clean-ing brush or equivalent).6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Purity of ReagentsUse reagent grade chemicals in alltests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagentsconform to the specifications o
32、f the Committee on AnalyticalReagents of the American Chemical Society where suchspecifications are available.96.2 Metal Specimens:10,86.2.1 Coupons, 0.081 cm thick by 2.5 cm square, one each,with two drilled holes (as shown in Fig. 7), as follows:6.2.1.1 Copper (R401-A),6.2.1.2 Lead (R401-lead),6.2
33、.1.3 Tin (R401-tin), and6.2.1.4 Phosphor Bronze (R401-LEADz).6.3 Nichrome Wire, clean (for tying coupons together).6.4 Abrasive Paper, 240 grit aluminum oxide and 400 gritsilicon-carbide.11Do not use iron-containing abrasives such asnatural emery.6.5 Cotton, absorbent.6.6 Acetone (ACS), sulfur-free.
34、 (WarningFlammable.Health hazard.)6.7 Degreasing Solvents, heptane. (WarningFlammable.Health hazard.)6.8 Glassware Cleaning Solution, Contrad (trademarked)70.12,8(WarningHealth hazard.)6.9 Carbon Remover for Glassware13,8, Oakite StripperR-8. (WarningCorrosive, causes severe burns.)6.10 Naphtha, Aro
35、matic. (WarningFlammable. Healthhazard.)6.11 Filter Paper.6.12 Kimwipe Tissues, or similar.6.13 Industrial Reference Oil.27. Preparation of Apparatus7.1 Cleaning of Glassware from Previous Run:7.1.1 Rinse all glassware items and the air tube adapter withdegreasing solvent to remove residual oil, and
36、 air dry.(WarningHarmful if inhaled.)7.1.2 Fill or immerse the sample tube, air tube, and the9 mm glass spacers in carbon remover at room temperatureuntil carbonaceous deposits are removed. Water rinse afterremoval. (WarningCorrosive, causes severe burns.)7.1.3 Wash all glassware items and the air t
37、ube adapter withdetergent.14,8Rinse with water to remove detergent, and dry.7.1.4 Store all items in a dust free cabinet until needed fortest. If stored longer than one week, rinse again with distilledwater before use, and dry.7.1.5 A more elaborate glass cleaning procedure can beused, if it is for
38、a given situation. This cleaning procedure isnecessary in a referee situation unless a cleaning solution canbe used which is satisfactory to all parties involved. Fill andimmerse all glassware items with glassware cleaning solutionand soak for 3 h to 16 h. (WarningCorrosive, causes severeburns.)7.1.
39、6 Remove glassware from cleaning solution, rinse sev-eral times with tap water, followed by distilled water, and ovendry.7.2 Cleaning of Glassware (New):7.2.1 Proceed as in 7.1.3 and 7.1.6 in that order (omit 7.1.1,7.1.2, 7.1.4, and 7.1.5).9Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications
40、, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc
41、. (USPC), Rockville,MD.10Satisfactory metal specimens may be obtained from: Test Engineering, Inc.(TEI), 12718 Cimarron Path, San Antonio, TX 78249-3423. This is the only couponsource to be used for obtaining a valid reference run and data for certification.11Suitable abrasive paper meeting these sp
42、ecifications is included with the metalcoupons from the source indicated in 6.2.12Contrad 70 is available from Decon Laboratories, Inc., 460 Glennie Circle,King of Prussia, PA 19406, (800) 3326647.13Oakite Stripper R-8 is available from Oakite Products, Inc., 50 Valley Rd.,Berkeley Heights, NJ 07922
43、. It has been found satisfactory for this purpose.14A detergent found satisfactory is Alconox made by Alconox, Inc., 215 ParkAve. S., New York, NY 10003.FIG. 7 Arrangement of Metal CouponsD5968 1747.3 AssemblyAssemble as shown in Fig. 6 using only thetest oil to lubricate glass joints during assembl
44、y.7.4 Preparation of Metal Specimens:7.4.1 Wash a length of the metal tying wire with acetone andallow to dry. (WarningThis and the following preparationprocesses should be performed under a fume hood.)7.4.2 The metal squares are prepared as follows:7.4.2.1 Using the 240 grit abrasive paper, remove
45、all surfaceblemishes from both sides and all four edges of each square,and any burrs from the drilled holes. Finish polishing with 400grit paper wetted by acetone to remove marks from previouspolishing. A good technique is to place abrasive paper on a flatsurface, then rub the specimen with longitud
46、inal strokes in adirection perpendicular to that used with 240 grit paper. Use adifferent sheet of paper for each metal type.7.4.2.2 In all succeeding steps, handle the squares only withtongs or filter paper until the final weighing. If large defects orparticles are present on the metal coupons, cou
47、rse sand papershould be used first to remove them; this is followed bypolishing with the 240 and 400 grit abrasive paper.(1) Store the polished metal coupon in acetone and proceeduntil all coupons are polished.(2) Remove each square from the acetone, clean all metaldust from the square by rubbing vi
48、gorously with clean pads ofabsorbent cotton until a fresh pad remains unsoiled.(3) Wash squares in acetone and allow them to dry in adessicator.(4) Immediately weigh each square to within 0.1 mg.(5) Arrange all squares in the wooden assembly fixture inthe pattern shown in Fig. 7. The sequence should
49、 be: lead,copper, tin, phosphor bronze.7.4.2.3 Using only forceps to handle the clean wire, tie thesquares together as shown in Fig. 7.8. Procedure8.1 Preparation for New Test Set-Up for Reference Oil andTest Oils:8.1.1 Insert the tied coupons in the test tube, positioning thesquares vertically (so that the air tube can be inserted to touchthe bottom of the test tube).8.1.2 Add 100 mL 6 1 mL of oil to the test tube.8.1.3 Assemble the test tube and condenser and mount theassembly so that the test tube is submerged 23 cm to 35 cm inthe bath with the test oil tempe
