1、Designation: D6252/D6252M 98 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forPeel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Label Stocks at a 90Angle1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6252/D6252M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the cas
2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the peeladhesion of pressure-sensitive label sto
3、cks. This test methodgives a measure of the adherence to a standard steel substrateor to other surfaces of interest for a pressure-sensitive labelstock.1.2 This test method provides a means of assessing theuniformity of the adhesion of a given type of pressure-sensitivelabel stock. The assessment ma
4、y be within a sheet or roll,between sheets or rolls, or between production lots.1.3 Variations in the label stock facestock and adhesive canaffect the response; therefore, this test method cannot be usedto pinpoint the specific cause(s) of nonuniformity.1.4 This test method may not be appropriate to
5、 test labelstocks having either stiff backings or backings showing a highstretch at low forces. These characteristics could result in ahigh variability of the test response, which is not a trueindication of the real nature of the adhesive bond.1.5 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units a
6、re tobe regarded separately as the standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem must be used independently, without combining valuesin any way.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It
7、 is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Auste-nitic Stainless Steel Sheet
8、, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarD996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD3715/D3715M Practice for Quality Assurance ofPressure-Sensitive TapesD4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, orPackaging Components for TestingE122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
9、With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristicof a Lot or Process3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms used in this testmethod are in accordance with Terminology D996.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 pressure-sensitive label stock, nthe combination off
10、acestock (face material), pressure-sensitive adhesive, andrelease liner.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A strip of label stock is applied to a standard test panel,or other surface of interest, with controlled pressure. The labelstock is peeled from the panel at 90 angle at a specified rate,during which
11、 time the force required to effect peeling ismeasured.NOTE 1The pressure-sensitive adhesive (psa) is permanently tackyand instantly adheres to the surface for which the label stock is designed.A psa label stock also can be defined as a self-adhering label stock.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test m
12、ethod is a tool for quality assurance use.Given a pressure-sensitive label stock and a requirement interms of the minimum or maximum peel adhesion valueexpected for this label stock, the data from the test can be usedin conjunction with acceptance criteria.5.2 This test method can show the relative
13、bond strength ofa given label stock to one or more surfaces of varied materialand texture as compared to the standard stainless steel panel.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tape andLabels.Current
14、edition approved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6252/D6252M - 98(2004). DOI: 10.1520/D6252_D6252M-98R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.or
15、g. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Substitution of panels representative of the proposed substratesf
16、or the standard stainless steel panel would be acceptable forthis procedure.6. Apparatus6.1 Specimen Cutter3The specimen cutter shall hold twosingle-edged razor blades in parallel planes, a precise distanceapart, to form a cutter of exact specimen width.NOTE 2A 25.4-mm or 1-in. cutter shall consist
17、of a 25.4-mm or 1-in.thick by 200-mm or 8-in. length of aluminum bar stock 25.4 mm or 1 in.wide. The edges for about 125 mm or 5 in. from one end shall be slightlyrounded to form a handle. The width of the bar for 75 mm or 3 in. fromthe opposite end shall be narrowed to exactly 25.4 mm or 1 in. minu
18、s thethickness of a single-edged razor blade (one of two used as cutting edges).The razor blades shall be held in position using side plates. The end of thecutter shall be cut away at 0.74 Rad or 45 angle to expose the cuttingedge at one end of the blades.6.2 Dispensing System for SolventsUse plasti
19、c washbottles.6.3 Panel3A 50 by 125-mm no less than 1.1-mm thick-ness ora2by5-in. panel no less than 0.043-in. thicknessstainless steel 302 or 304 in accordance with SpecificationA666 having a bright-annealed finish. The surface roughnessheight shall be 50 6 5-nm or 2.0 6 0.2-uin. arithmeticalaverag
20、e deviation from the mean line. Panels showing stains,discoloration, or numerous scratches are not acceptable.6.4 Roller3, mechanically-operated.6.4.1 A steel roller 85 6 2.5 mm or 3.25 6 0.1 in. indiameter and 45 6 1.5 mm or 1.75 6 0.05 in. in width, coveredby rubber approximately 6.5 mm or 0.25 in
21、. in thickness,having a Shore Scale A durometer hardness of 80 6 5. Thesurface shall be a true cylinder void of any convex or concavedeviations. The mass of the roller shall be 2040 6 45gor4.56 0.1 lb.6.4.2 No part of the apparatus shall increase the mass of theroller during use. The roller shall mo
22、ve mechanically at the rateof 5.0 6 0.2 mm/s or 12.0 6 0.5 in./min.NOTE 3A simple check to determine if the rubber surface is a truecylinder is to wrap the roller in a very thin paper (onion skin) and drag itacross a flat glass surface on which is placed a carbon paper face up. Thecarbon rubs off on
23、to the thin paper wrapper to reveal high spots or hollowson the rubber surface.6.5 Adhesion TesterA constant-rate-of-extension (CRE)tension-type instrument shall be used. The instrument shallhave a means for rigidly holding a test panel or a test panelfixture and another means for holding one end of
24、 the labelstock specimen both having centers on one line. The instru-ment shall produce movement between the two points de-scribed above such that a 90 angle is maintained between labelstock specimen and the test panel throughout the test. Theextension shall be at a uniform rate of 5.0 6 0.2 mm/s or
25、 12 60.5 in./min. The force measuring system shall be calibrated toan accuracy of 0.5 % of full scale. The lowest required fullscale range is 0550 g or 020 oz. Above the 020 oz range,full scale for any test shall be such that the mean test value fallswithin 20 % of the scale maximum. An autographic
26、device forrecording peel force shall be provided. Capability of intergrat-ing areas under the peel force recordings shall be optional.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents conform
27、to the specifications of the Committee onAnalytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, wheresuch specifications are available.4Other grades may be used,provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficientlyhigh purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy ofthe deter
28、mination.7.2 Solvents:7.2.1 Diacetone Alcohol, non-residual, technical grade orbetter.7.2.2 One of the following:7.2.2.1 Acetone.7.2.2.2 Ethyl Acetate.7.2.2.3 Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA).7.2.2.4 Methyl Alcohol, (95 %).7.2.2.5 Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK).7.2.2.6 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK).7.2.2.7 n-Hept
29、ane.7.2.3 Where toxicity and flammability requirements areparamount, a mixture of n-heptane and a fluorinated hydrocar-bon, such as refrigerant, may meet the requirements. Normally,cleaning procedures, including use of the solvents in 7.2,cannot be used on porous or solvent-sensitive materials.7.3 C
30、leaning Material, absorbent, either surgical gauze ortissue. To be suitable, materials must be lint-free during use,absorbent, contain no additives that are soluble in the solventslisted in 7.2, and be made without contaminants.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling for rolls shall be in accordance with PracticeD3
31、715/D3715M and for sheet stock in accordance with Prac-tice E122.9. Test Specimen9.1 The specimens shall be no greater than 25.4 mm or 1 in.in width nor less than 12.7 mm or12 in. wide. A tolerance of60.4 mm or 6164 in. shall be allowed. The length shall beapproximately 150 mm or 6 in.9.2 If samples
32、 are in roll form, discard, at least three but notmore than six, outer wraps of label stock from the sample rollbefore taking the specimen for testing.9.3 Remove one specimen, minimum length 150 mm or 6in./sample roll or sample sheet.9.4 When the label stock is wider than 25.4 mm or 1 in.,specimens
33、of the widest specified width (9.1) are to be cut fromthe center of a strip removed from the roll or sheet.3Available from Chemsultants International, 9349 Hamilton Drive, HaisleyCommercial Park, Mentor, OH 440611118.4“Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications,” AmericanChemical So
34、ciety, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see “Reagent Chemicals and Standards,”by J. Rosin, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, NY, and the “United StatesPharmacopoeia”.D6252/D6252M 98 (2011)2NOTE 4Discard cleaned panels showing s
35、tains, discoloration, ornumerous scratches. Avoid contacting panel surfaces with fingers. Duringstorage, panels should be protected by covering with protective tape.10. Conditioning10.1 Condition the sample rolls or sheets in the standardconditioning atmosphere as described in Practice D4332 for ape
36、riod of not less than 24 h. Test at these conditions.11. Procedure11.1 Dispense diacetone alcohol onto the panel. Scrub thepanel with a clean piece of absorbent cleaning material. Drythe panel with fresh absorbent cleaning material. Dispense oneof the solvents listed in 7.2.2 onto the panel, wiping
37、it todryness with fresh absorbent cleaning material. Repeat for atotal of three washes with this solvent.11.2 Place the specimen, release liner side up, and remove125 to 150 mm or 5 to 6 in. of the release liner by pulling therelease liner away from the adhesive and cutting to theappropriate length.
38、11.3 Touch one end of the specimen with exposed adhesiveto an end of the test panel. Hold the outer end of the specimenso that it does not make contact with the panel but is positionedloosely above it. Roll the label stock mechanically once in eachdirection, causing the roller to apply the label sto
39、ck to thepanel. This action prevents entrapment of air between theadhesive and the panel. Should such entrapment of air occur,discard the specimen.NOTE 5Use only the weight of the roller to press the samples onto thetest panel. Do not push down on the roller.11.4 Individually prepare each specimen a
40、nd test immedi-ately (within 60 s).NOTE 6Longer dwell time will give different results. Peel adhesionincreases with dwell time at different rates for various label stocks. Alonger dwell time may be chosen purposely. Within a set of tests, onespecified dwell time should be used. Sets of data should b
41、e compared onlyif a common dwell time has been used.11.5 Place the panel into the panel holder on the lowerfixture. Clamp the free end of the specimen into the upperclamp. Operate the separation speed at 5.0 6 0.2 mm/s or 126 0.5 in./min.11.6 After the jaw is started in motion, disregard the valueso
42、btained while the first and last 25 mm or 1 in. is mechanicallypeeled.11.6.1 Record an instrument integrated value obtained fromthe peeling of the next 50 mm or 2 in. after the first 25 mm or1 in. for the peel-adhesion value, or11.6.2 For the next 50 mm or 2 in. of peel after the first 25mm or 1 in.
43、, average all chart recorded high peaks and an equalnumber of low peaks. Record the average value for thepeel-adhesion value.11.7 If the sample breaks before an average pull value isobtained, the sample can be reinforced with transparent tapeapproximately 1 mil thickness. If transparent tape is used
44、, itshould be noted in the report.12. Calculation12.1 If recorded peel adhesion is not in newtons per 100 mmor ounces per inch of width, convert to newtons or ounces.Calculate peel adhesion in newtons per 100 mm or ounces perinch of width.13. Report13.1 The report shall include the following informa
45、tion:13.1.1 Statement that this practice was used and indicateany deviations from the practice as written.13.1.2 Complete identification of each specimen tested,including label source, manufacturers code number, and form.13.1.3 Anomalous behavior observed during the test, that is,adhesive transfer,
46、splitting, etc.13.1.4 Peel adhesion value in newtons per 100 mm orounces per inch of width to the nearest 0.1 N/100 mm or 0.1oz/1 in. of width.13.1.5 Dwell time.13.1.6 Transparent tape reinforcement, if used and transpar-ent tape thickness.14. Precision and Bias14.1 Based on data from a single labor
47、atory, the typicalrepeatable standard deviation is approximately 0.8 N/100 mmor 0.7 oz/1 in. The actual standard deviation will depend on thespecific pressure-sensitive product that is being tested. Aninterlaboratory test program will be conducted to determine thebetween laboratory reproducibility.1
48、4.2 BiasNo information can be presented on the bias ofthe procedure in this test method because no acceptablereference value is available.15. Keywords15.1 label stock; peel adhesion at 90 angle; pressure-sensitive label stockASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent
49、rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Intern
