1、Designation: D6434 12 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Guide for theSelection of Test Methods for Flexible PolypropyleneGeomembranes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6434; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers recommendations for the selection ofappropriate test methods for flexible polypropylen
3、e sheet usedin geomembrane applications to provide consistency in datareporting.1.2 This guide includes test methods for three types offlexible polypropylene geomembranes, including smooth non-reinforced sheet, textured nonreinforced sheet, and scrim-reinforced sheet.1.3 This guide is intended to ai
4、d all personnel involved inthe selection, manufacture, installation, or evaluation of flex-ible polypropylene geomembrane sheet.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish
5、appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for t
6、heDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOv
7、enD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-sion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with a VitreousSilica DilatometerD746 Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plasticsand Elastomers by ImpactD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD790
8、 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) ofPlastic Film and SheetingD1149 Test
9、 Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking inan Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatureD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD1505 Test Method for Density of
10、Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD1603 Test Method for Carbon Black Content in OlefinPlasticsD2136 Test Method for Coated FabricsLow-TemperatureBend TestD2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittleness Pointof Flexible Polymers and Coated FabricsD3389 Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasio
11、n Resistance(Rotary Platform Abrader)D3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers byDifferential Scanning CalorimetryD4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon BlackContent in Polyethylene Compounds By the Muffle-Furnace TechniqueD4364 Pr
12、actice for Performing Outdoor Accelerated Weath-ering Tests of Plastics Using Concentrated SunlightD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4833/D4833M Test Method for Index Puncture Resistanceof Geomembranes and Related Products1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosyntheticsa
13、nd is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomembranes.Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published May 2018. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6434 12. DOI:10.1520/D6434-12R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.or
14、g, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis internatio
15、nal standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committe
16、e.1D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thicknessof GeosyntheticsD5321/D5321M Test Method for Determining the ShearStrength of Soil-Geosynthetic and Geosynthetic-Geosynthetic Interfaces by Direct ShearD5323 Practice for Determination of 2 % Secant Modulusfor Polyethylene GeomembranesD5397 Tes
17、t Method for Evaluation of Stress Crack Resis-tance of Polyolefin Geomembranes Using Notched Con-stant Tensile Load TestD5514/D5514M Test Method for Large-Scale HydrostaticPuncture Testing of GeosyntheticsD5617 Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geo-syntheticsD5721 Practice for Air-Oven Ag
18、ing of Polyolefin Geomem-branesD5747/D5747M Practice for Tests to Evaluate the ChemicalResistance of Geomembranes to LiquidsD5884/D5884M Test Method for Determining TearingStrength of Internally Reinforced GeomembranesD5994/D5994M Test Method for Measuring Core Thicknessof Textured GeomembranesD6636
19、 Test Method for Determination of Ply AdhesionStrength of Reinforced GeomembranesD6693/D6693M Test Method for Determining Tensile Prop-erties of Nonreinforced Polyethylene and NonreinforcedFlexible Polypropylene GeomembranesD7003/D7003M Test Method for Strip Tensile Properties ofReinforced Geomembra
20、nesD7004/D7004M Test Method for Grab Tensile Properties ofReinforced GeomembranesD7613 Specification for Flexible Polypropylene Reinforced(fPP-R) and Nonreinforced (fPP) GeomembranesE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterialsF1249 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission RateThrou
21、gh Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a ModulatedInfrared SensorG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials inAccel-erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV)Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic MaterialsG155 Practice for Ope
22、rating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus forExposure of Non-Metallic Materials3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of geosynthetics terms usedin this guide, refer to Terminology D4439.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 flexible polypropylene, na material having a 2 %secant modu
23、lus of less than 300 MPa (42 850 psi) as deter-mined by Practice D5323, produced by polymerization ofpropylene with or without other alpha olefin monomers.4. Significance and Use4.1 To evaluate flexible polypropylene properly, tests mustbe performed according to specific test methods and proce-dures
24、. Failure to follow this guide can result in data notrepresentative of the materials characteristics and perfor-mance.5. Test Methods5.1 Recommended test methods for flexible polypropylenesheet are listed in tables as follows:5.1.1 Table 1Flexible Polypropylene (fPP) Sheet Manu-facturing Quality Con
25、trol Tests.5.1.2 Table 2Optional Performance Tests for FlexiblePolypropylene (fPP) Sheet.6. Keywords6.1 flexible polypropylene; geomembraneTABLE 1 Flexible Polypropylene (fPP) Sheet Manufacturing Quality Control TestsSheet TypeSmoothReinforced SheetSmoothNonreinforced SheetTexturedNonreinforced Shee
26、tTexturedReinforced SheetConditionsGeneral:Terminology D4439 D4439 D4439 D4439Conditioning D618 D618 D618 D618Physical Properties:Thickness D5199 D5199 D5994/D5994M D5994/D5994MUltimate tensile strengthand elongationD7004/D7004M D6693/D6693M D6693/D6693M D7004/D7004MType IV, no extensometergrip sepa
27、ration = 63.5 mm (2.50 in.),strain rate = 509 mm/min (20 in./min)Tear resistance D5884/D5884M D1004 D1004 D5884/D5884MPuncture resistance D4833/D4833M D4833/D4833M D4833/D4833M D4833/D4833MPly adhesion D6636 D6636D6434 12 (2018)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any pat
28、ent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision
29、 at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comm
30、ents will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighte
31、d by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-m
32、ail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 2 Optional Performance Tests for Flexible Polypropylene (fPP) SheetSheet Type Reinfo
33、rced SheetSmooth NonreinforcedSheetTextured Sheet ConditionsGeneral:Terminology D4439 D4439 D4439Conditioning D618 D618 D618Physical Properties:Flow rates of thermoplastics D1238 D1238 230 C, 2.16 kgCarbon black content D1603D4218D1603D4218D1603D4218Low temperature bend D2136 D2136 D2136Thermal expa
34、nsion D696 D696 D696Density D1505D792D1505D792D1505D792Water vapor transmission E96/E96MF1249E96/E96MF1249E96/E96MF1249Water absorption D471 D471 D471Mechanical Properties:2 % Secant modulus D5323 D5323 D5323Flexural modulus D790 D790 D790Hydrostatic resistance D5514/D5514MD751A, Procedure 1D5514/D5
35、514M D5514/D5514MMulti-axial tensile D5617 D5617 D5617Geosynthetic friction by direct shear D5321/D5321M D5321/D5321M D5321/D5321MThermal Properties:Dimensional stability D1204 D1204 D1204 100 C, 1 hMelting temperature D3418 D3418 D3418Brittleness point D2137D746D2137D746D2137D746Endurance Propertie
36、s:Weathering Resistance D7613G151G154G155D4364D7613G151G154G155D4364D7613G151G154G155D4364Cycle 1Ozone resistance D1149 D1149 D1149Stress crack resistance D5397 D5397 D5397Oven aging D573D5721D573D5721D573D572185 CAbrasion resistance D3389 D3389 D3389Chemical resistance D471D5747/D5747MD471D5747/D5747MD471D5747/D5747MD6434 12 (2018)3
