1、Designation: D6553 00 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forCoolant Compatibility of Way Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6553; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use waylubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (syntheticcoolants, se
3、misynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or otheralkaline aqueous fluids.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use
4、. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificwarning statements, see Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reage
5、nt WaterD1401 Test Method for Water Separability of PetroleumOils and Synthetic FluidsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 cuffa layer between the way oil layer and the coolantor buffer layer that contains significant amounts of bot
6、h. Indescribing this intermediate layer, cuff is preferred to emulsionsince many of the coolants are themselves emulsions.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test procedure is essentially identical to TestMethod D1401, with the actual coolant or an alkaline bufferreplacing the distilled water of that
7、test method. A 40-mLsample and 40 mL of either actual coolant or a pH 9.0 buffersolution (see Note 1) are stirred for 5 min at 54C (see Note 2)in a graduated cylinder. The time required for the separation ofthe emulsion thus formed is recorded. If complete separation oremulsion reduction to 3 mL or
8、less does not occur afterstanding for 30 min, the volumes of oil (or fluid), water, andemulsion remaining at the time are reported.NOTE 1Distilled water is not a satisfactory aqueous phase for testingthe ability of way lubricants to separate from coolants because distilledwater gives different resul
9、ts from coolants. The best procedure is to use theactual coolant that the way lubricant will contaminate.Abuffer solution ofpH 9.0 may be used in place of a specific coolant to predict theseparability from alkaline coolants in general.NOTE 2It is recommended, however, that the test temperature berai
10、sed to 82 6 1C when testing way lubricants more viscous than 90 cSt(mm 2/s) at 40C.5. Significance and UseIn the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool, theway lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that mayemulsify into the coolant. It is generally desirable to removethis contaminant b
11、y skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetimemay be significantly shortened. This test method provides aguide for determining the separability characteristics of waylubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkalinemetalworking coolants. It is used for specification of new oilsand might be usef
12、ul in monitoring of in-service oils.6. Apparatus6.1 Cylinder, 100 mL, graduated from 5 to 100 mL in1.0-mL divisions, made of glass, heat-resistant glass, or achemical equivalent. The inside diameter shall be no less than27 mm and no more than 30 mm throughout its length,measured from the top to a po
13、int 6 mm from the bottom of thecylinder. The overall length of the cylinder shall be 225 to 260mm. The graduation shall not be in error by more than 1 mL atany point on the scale.6.2 Heating Bath, sufficiently large and deep enough topermit the immersion of at least two test cylinders in the bathliq
14、uid up to their 85-mL graduations. The bath shall be capableof being maintained at a temperature of 54 6 1C (see Note 2),and shall be fitted with clamps, which hold the cylinder in aposition so that the longitudinal axis of the paddle correspondsto the vertical center line of the cylinder during the
15、 stirring1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.L0.02 on Machinery Lubricants.Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous e
16、dition approved in 2005 as D655300(2005).DOI: 10.1520/D6553-00R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web
17、site.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.operation. The clamps shall hold the cylinder securely while itscontents are being stirred.6.3 Stirring Paddle, made of chromium-plated or stainlesssteel and conforming to the foll
18、owing dimensions: length, 1206 1.5 mm; width, 19 6 0.5 mm; thickness, 1.5 mm. It ismounted on a vertical shaft of similar metal, approximately 6mm in diameter, connected to a drive mechanism that rotatesthe paddle on its longitudinal axis at 1500 6 15 rpm. Theapparatus is of such design that, when t
19、he cylinder is clampedin position and the paddle assembly is lowered into thecylinder, a positive stop engages and holds the assembly whenthe lower edge of the paddle is 6 mm from the bottom of thecylinder. During the operation of the stirrer, the center of thebottom edge of the paddle shall not dev
20、iate more than 1 mmfrom the axis of rotation. When not in operation, the paddleassembly can be lifted vertically to clear the top of thegraduated cylinder.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
21、all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.3Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lesse
22、ning theaccuracy of the determination.7.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, referenceto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type II of Specification D1193.7.3 Buffer SolutionA buffer solution of the desired pHmay be prepared using reagent-grade chemicals and reagent
23、water.7.4 Cleaning Solvents, Light-hydrocarbon, such as precipi-tation naphtha (WarningHealth hazard.) for petroleum oils.Use other appropriate solvents for dissolving synthetic fluids.7.5 Acetone.(WarningHealth hazard. Flammable.)7.6 Cleaning ReagentCleaning by either hot NOCHRO-MIX (WarningCorrosi
24、ve. Health hazard. Oxidizer.) or a24-h soak at room temperature in MICRO solution gaveacceptable, statistically equivalent results in roun robin testing.8. Sampling8.1 The test method is very sensitive to small amounts ofcontamination. Take samples in accordance with PracticeD4057.9. Preparation of
25、Apparatus9.1 Clean the graduated cylinder by removing any film ofoil (or fluid) with cleaning solvent, followed by a wash firstwith acetone and then with tap water. The glassware shall befurther cleaned with a suitable cleaning reagent. Rinse thor-oughly with tap water and then with reagent water. I
26、nspect thecylinders for any residue or water droplets adhering to theinside walls. Both conditions indicate a need for additionalcleaning.9.2 Clean the stirring paddle and shaft with absorbent cottonor tissue wet with cleaning solvent and air dry. Care must betaken not to bend or misalign the paddle
27、 assembly during thecleaning operation.10. Procedure10.1 Heat the bath liquid to 54 6 1C (see Note 2) andmaintain it at that temperature throughout the test. Add coolantor buffer (see Note 3) to the graduated cylinder up to the 40-mLmark, and then add to the same cylinder a representativesample of t
28、he oil (or fluid) under test until the top level of theoil reaches the 80-mL mark on the cylinder. Place the cylinderin the bath, and allow the contents to reach bath temperature.Normally this will require about 10 min.NOTE 3If initial volumetric measurements are made at room tempera-ture, expansion
29、 occurring at the elevated test temperature will have to beconsidered. For example, there will be a total volumetric expansion ofabout 2 to 3 mL at 82C. Corrections to each volume reading at 82C,therefore, should be made so that the total of the volume readings madefor oils (or fluid), water, and em
30、ulsion does not exceed 80 mL. Analternative procedure, which would avoid the corrections, is to make theinitial volumetric measurements at the test temperature.10.2 Clamp the cylinder in place directly under the stirringpaddle. Lower the paddle into the cylinder until the stopengages at the required
31、 depth. Start the stirrer and a stop watchsimultaneously, and adjust the stirrer, as required, to a speed of1500 6 15 rpm. At the end of 5 min, stop the stirrer and raisethe stirring assembly until it is just clear of the graduate. Wipethe paddle with a policeman (see Note 4), allowing the liquidthu
32、s removed to drop back into the cylinder. Remove thecylinder from the retaining clamps and transfer it carefully toanother section of the bath. At 5-min intervals, lift the cylinderout of the bath, inspect, and record the volumes of the way oillayer, coolant or buffer layer, and cuff layer.NOTE 4The
33、 policeman should be made of material resistant to the oilor fluid.11. Report11.1 Record the time (at 5-min intervals) until either (a) theproduct passes the coolant separability requirements it is beingtested against or (b) the test limit for coolant separability isexceeded (usually 3-mL cuff or le
34、ss for 30 min at 54C and 60min at 82C). The maximum volume to be reported as the oillayer is 43 mL (see Note 5). For uniformity, report the testresults in the manner shown in the following examples:NOTE 5Certain way oils may produce a hazy oil layer. In situations inwhich the measurement of the oil
35、layer and coolant or buffer layerindicates essentially complete separation, the upper layer should bereported as oil. If there are two layers and if the upper layer is more than43 mL, this layer should be considered the cuff.11.1.1 40-40-0 (20)Complete separation occurred in 20min. More than 3 mL of
36、 cuff had remained at 15 min.11.1.2 39-38-3 (20)Complete separation had not oc-curred, but the cuff reduced to 3 mL, so the test was ended.3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by t
37、he American Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.D6553 00 (2010)211.1.3 39-35-6 (60)More than 3 mLof cuff remained after60 min3
38、9 mL of oil, 35 mL of water, and 6 mL of cuff.11.1.4 41-37-2 (20)Complete separation had not oc-curred, but the cuff layer reduced to 3 mL or less after 20 min.11.1.5 43-37-0 (30)The cuff layer reduced to 3 mL or lessafter 30 min. The cuff layer at 25 min exceeded 3 mL, forexample, 0-36-44 or 43-33-
39、4.11.2 The appearance of each layer may optionally bedescribed in the following terms:11.2.1 Way Oil Layer:11.2.1.1 Clear.11.2.1.2 Hazy.NOTE 6A hazy layer is defined as being translucent.11.2.1.3 Cloudy (or milky).NOTE 7A cloudy layer is defined as being opaque.11.2.1.4 Combinations of 11.2.1.1-11.2
40、.1.3.11.2.2 Coolant or Buffer Layer:11.2.2.1 Clear.11.2.2.2 Lacy or bubbles present, or both.11.2.2.3 Hazy (see Note 6).11.2.2.4 Cloudy (or milky) (see Note 7).11.2.2.5 Combinations of 11.2.2.1-11.2.2.4.11.3 Report the test temperature if other than 54C and theidentification of the coolant or buffer
41、 if other than pH 9.0buffer.12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is asillustrated by the round robin results shown in Table 1.12.2 BiasThe procedure in this test method for measuringwater separability has no bias because the value for coolantseparability is defined o
42、nly in terms of this test method.13. Keywords13.1 coolant separability; cuff; emulsification; semisyn-thetic coolants; soluble oil coolants; synthetic coolants; waylubricantsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mention
43、edin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and
44、 must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of
45、 theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
46、C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permis
47、sion rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 1 Coolant Compatibility Round Robin ResultsWaylube # Aq. Phase Minutes to 3 mL Emulsion RemainingCooperator: 113344556688Date: Nov 26 Sep 17 Sep 30 Oct 10 Aug 209707221 DEI water 13 12 15
48、15 15 15 10 15 10 109707221 buffer 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+mLafter1h 494656566060565850479707222 DEI water 17 17 20 15 20 20 15 20 20 159707222 buffer 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+mLafter1h 474659595955585450509707223 DEI water 17 18 15 15 20 25 15 15 25 259707223 buffer 60+ 60+ 25 20 60+ 60+ 20 20 25 25mLafter1h1 6009111119707224 DEI water 20 23 15 20 30 30 15 10 30 309707224 buffer 21 21 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 15 15 15 30mL after 1 h 1 1 16 9 18 18 2 2 0 3D6553 00 (2010)3
