1、Designation: D 6603 00Standard Guide forLabeling of UV-Protective Textiles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6603; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthes
2、es indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes labeling requirements for textileproducts intended for the protection of humans from UVA andUVB radiation.1.2 This standard is no
3、t intended to be used for the labelingof medical-device sun protective fabrics and clothing whoselabeling is specified in the U.S. Food and Drug Administra-tions Draft Guidance for the Preparation of a PremarketNotification document.1.3 The label requirements are in addition to those requiredby the
4、Care Labeling Rule and fiber content (composition)labeling acts (Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939, and TheTextile Fiber Products Identification Act).1.4 This document contains terminology to be used in thelabeling of UV-protective textiles.1.5 Labeling recommended in this guide will be based onUV
5、protection data collected by instrumental methods.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 123 Terminology Related to Textiles2D 3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instruc-tions for Apparel and Other Textile Consumer Products3D 5489 Guide for Care Symbols for Care Instructions onTextil
6、e Products3D 6544 Practice for the Preparation of Textiles Prior to UVTransmission Testing32.2 AATCC Standards:183 Transmittance or Blocking of Erythemally WeightedUltraviolet Radiation through Fabrics42.3 Other Standards:15 U.S.C., Chapter 2, Subchapter V, The Textile FiberProducts Identification A
7、ct516 C.F.R. Part 303, Rules and Regulations Under the TextileFiber Products Identification Act515 U.S.C., Chapter 2, Subchapter III, et. seq., Wool Prod-ucts Labeling Act of 1939516 C.F.R. Part 300, Rules and Regulations Under the WoolProducts Identification Act516 C.F.R Part 423, Care Labeling of
8、Wearing Apparel andCertain Piece Goods5AS/NZS 4399: 1996, Australian/New Zealand StandardSun Protective Clothing - Evaluation and Classification5FDA Office of Device Evaluation, Draft Guidance for thePreparation of a Premarket Notification (510(K) Submis-sion for Sun Protective Clothing, August 10,
9、199463. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 UV-protective textile, nany textile whose manufac-turer and/or seller claims that it protects consumers fromultraviolet (UV) light, claims the reduction of risk of skininjury associated with UV exposure, and/or uses a ratingsystem that quantifies the amount o
10、f UV protection afforded.3.1.1.1 DiscussionUV-protective textiles include variousarticles of apparel, accessories such as hats and shoes, shadedevices such as umbrellas, awnings, and baby-carrier covers,and the fabric/materials used to produce these items.3.1.1.2 DiscussionUV-protective textiles are
11、 sometimesreferred to as sun-protective textiles.3.1.2 ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), nthe ratio of theaverage effective ultraviolet radiation (UV-R) irradiance trans-mitted and calculated through air to the average effectiveultraviolet radiation (UV-R) irradiance transmitted and calcu-lated t
12、hrough fabric.3.1.2.1 DiscussionA UPF value is a relative ranking ofthe UV protective capabilities of a textile fabric and should notbe construed as a determination of time to sunburn.3.1.3 UV-protection categories, na means to indicate therelative amount of protection provided by UV-protective tex-
13、tiles.3.1.3.1 DiscussionFabrics determined to have UPF valuesof 15 to 24 are classified in and labeled as having Good UVProtection, fabrics determined to have UPF values between 251This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
14、D13.65 on UV Protective Fabrics andClothing.Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2000. Published February 2001.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.4Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, POBox 12215, Research Triangle Park,
15、 NC 27709.5Available from Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.6Available from Standards Australia, 1 the Crescent, Homebush NSW 2140Australia and Standards New Zealand, Level 10, Standards House, 155 The Terrace,Wellington 0001, New Zealand.1Copyright ASTM
16、 International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.and 39 are classed in and labeled as having Very GoodUV-Protection, and fabrics determined to have UPF valuesgreater than 39 are classed in and labeled as having ExcellentUV Protection.4. Significance
17、 and Use4.1 This guide to labeling provides a uniform system oflabeling on UV-protective textiles that informs consumersabout the amount of UV-protection provided.4.2 UV-protective textiles labeled according to this standardwill permit consumers to compare the amount of protectionprovided by various
18、 textiles and purchase the product that bestmeets their sun protection needs.4.3 UV-labeling is in addition to other required labeling ofgarments including Permanent Care Labels and fiber content(composition) labels.4.4 Manufacturers are encouraged to provide information toconsumers that aids in sel
19、ecting products that provide theamount of UV-protection desired.4.5 UV-protective textiles labeled according to this standardguide will be labeled with a UPF value. AATCC Test Method183 must be used to determine the mean UPF values ofunprepared specimens, of specimens prepared using ASTMD 6544 (prep
20、ared-for-testing specimens), and of specimenstaken from garments labeled “Wash once before wearing,”these specimens being taken after the garment is launderedonce according to label directions. The latter specimens arereferred to as laundered-once specimens in this document. Alabel UPF will be calcu
21、lated for the various types of specimensfollowing directions provided in this document. Usually, thevalue to be placed on the product label will be the label UPFcalculated for the prepared-for-testing specimens or the labelUPF calculated for the unprepared specimens, whichever is thelower value. In
22、the case of products to be labeled “Wash oncebefore wearing” or similar wording, the UPF value to be placedon the product label will be either the UPF calculated for theprepared-for-testing specimens or the laundered-once speci-mens, whichever value is the lower one.4.5.1 DiscussionThe UPF value to
23、be placed on a gar-ment label needs to be the lowest protection value expectedduring consumer use over a two-year period. Usually, this UPFvalue will be that obtained for the prepared-for-testing speci-mens because they have been laundered 40 times and exposedto UV-radiation to simulate conditions e
24、xpected to lower theUPF during consumer use. However, for certain fabrics, knitsin particular, the fabric manufacturer must tenter (stretch) thefabric to standard width for the garment manufacturer. Thisprocess decreases the UPF of the fabric dramatically becausethe optical porosity, which has a sig
25、nificant influence on UPF,is increased and does not represent the lowest UPF provided tothe consumer because after the first laundering the protectionlost is restored as the fabric is likely to shrinkage reducing theoptical porosity of the fabric. In these cases, the value tocompare to the prepared-
26、for-testing value is logically that oflaundered once specimens.4.6 UV-protective labeling is intended to be used on textileproducts whose design or styling provides purposeful protec-tion to covered skin.4.7 UV protective labeling should be used on any, and all,fabrics and/or garments if those produ
27、cts make a UV protectiveclaim as determined by this Guide.5. Determination of Mean UPF of Prepared-for-TestingSpecimens5.1 The determination of Mean UPF (UPFm) of prepared-for-testing specimens is based on measurements on specimensthat have been exposed to environments that may alter thetransmittanc
28、e of ultraviolet radiation through them. Fabricspecimens shall have been prepared for UV transmittancetesting according to ASTM D 6544.5.2 The measurement site UPF (MSUPF) is the arithmeticaverage of the UPFs obtained when a prepared-for-testingspecimen, is rotated in spectrophotometric equipment as
29、 di-rected in AATCC 183.MSUPF5UPF 5 UPF11 UPF21 1 UPFNNwhere:N = the number of measurements at a site on the prepared-for-testing test specimen.5.3 The test specimen UPF (TSUPF) is the arithmetic aver-age of the measurement site UPFs. The formula for calculatingit is:TSUPF5UPF11 UPF21 1 UPFNNwhere:N
30、 = the number of measurement sites.5.4 The mean UPF (UPFm) is the arithmetic average of theprepared for testing test specimen UPFs. The formula forcalculating it is:UPFm5UPF11 UPF21 1 UPFNNwhere:N = the number of prepared-for-testing test specimens.6. Determination of Mean UPF of Unprepared andLaund
31、ered-once Specimens6.1 The Mean UPF (UPFm) must be calculated using theUPF specimen values of the unprepared specimens or the UPFvalues of the laundered-once specimens. Proper samplingprocedures as stated in ASTM D 6544 should have beenfollowed in selecting the yardage from which the unpreparedspeci
32、mens are taken and likewise proper sampling proceduresshould be followed in selecting the garments to be launderedand from which the laundered-once specimens are taken.6.2 The measurement site UPF (MSUPF) is the arithmeticaverage of the UPFs obtained when an unprepared specimen orlaundered-once spec
33、imen, is rotated in spectrophotometricequipment as directed in AATCC 183. The formula to use isthat in 5.2 except that N = the number of measurements at asite on the unprepared or laundered-once specimen.6.3 The test specimen UPF (TSUPF) is the arithmetic aver-age of the measurement site UPFs. The f
34、ormula to be used isthat in 5.3.D66030026.4 The mean UPF (UPFm) is the arithmetic average of thetest specimen UPFs. The formula for calculating it is in 5.4except that N = the number of unprepared or laundered-oncetest specimens.7. Determination of the Standard Error in the MeanUPF7.1 The standard d
35、eviation (SD) of the mean UPF should becalculated for the prepared-for-testing and for either the unpre-pared or the laundered-once specimens as follows:SD 5(i51NUPFi meanUPF!2N 17.2 The Standard Error (E) in the mean UPF should becalculated for the 99 % confidence level using the followingequation:
36、E 5tkaSD=Nwheretka= t variate (a = 0.005)k = N1SD = Standard DeviationN = number of specimensNOTE 1See Annex A1 for values for standard error equation based onthe number of specimens.8. Determination of UPF Value for Label8.1 The UPF value to be placed on the label is the sampleUPF minus the standar
37、d error (E) of the sample UPF, the resultof which has been rounded down to the nearest multiple of fivein all cases except when the calculated UPF is less than thelowest specimen UPF for the sampling unit. The followingformula should be used to calculate a UPF for the prepared-for-testing specimen d
38、ata and for either the unprepared or thelaundered-once specimen data as a first step in determining thetwo UPFs to be compared:UPF value for label a multiple of 5! 5 Sample UPF E8.2 The lower of the two values determined in 8.1 shall beselected.8.2.1 DiscussionThe UPF value to be placed on a label i
39、sto be the lowest UPF value of the fabric. In most casespreparing the specimens according to ASTM D 6544 will causethe UPF of the prepared-for-testing specimens to be less thanthat of the unprepared specimens or laundered-once specimens.However, in certain cases, the UPF of the prepared-for-testings
40、pecimens may be greater than that of the unprepared speci-mens or the laundered-once specimens (perhaps due to fabricshrinkage). In this case, the UPF on the label must be the lowerof the UPFs, that of the unprepared specimens.8.3 The selected UPF must be compared to the specimenUPF values of that s
41、ample.8.3.1 When the UPF value calculated in 8.1 and selected in8.2 is less than the lowest UPF for any specimen in the sample(prepared- for- testing sample, unprepared sample, laundered-once sample), then the value of UPF to be placed on theproduct label is the UPF value of the sample which is then
42、rounded down to the nearest multiple of five but not greaterthan 50.8.3.2 When the UPF value calculated in 8.1 and selected in8.2 is greater than the lowest UPF for any specimen in thesample (prepared-for-testing sample, unprepared sample,laundered-once sample), then the value of UPF to be placed on
43、the product label is the UPF of that specimen with the lowestUPF value which is then rounded down to the nearest multipleof five but not greater than 50.8.3.3 DiscussionWhen variability is low, the UPF valuethat appears on the label will be the same as the mean UPF butwhen variability is high, the U
44、PF value that appears on thelabel will differ from the mean UPF value. Fabrics with anextremely high UPF may have a very high standard deviationthat can result in a calculated UPF value for the label that isless than any of the individual UPF measurements. The use ofthe lowest individual measurement
45、 of UPF is therefore morerepresentative of the UV-protection the fabric provides than thecalculation that includes the error.8.4 When the calculated value of UPF for the label is greaterthan 50, then the value to be placed on the label shall be givenas 50+.8.5 When the calculated value of UPF for th
46、e label is lessthan 15, the product may not be labeled as sun or UV-protective.9. Determination of Protection Classification9.1 The UPF value calculated in Section 8 shall be used todetermine the protection category for the UV-protective textile.9.1.1 For the Good UV-protection category to be stated
47、 onthe label, the UPF value must lie between 15 and 24.9.1.2 For the Very Good UV-protection category to be statedon the label, the UPF value must be between 25 and 39.9.1.3 For the Excellent UV-protection category to be statedon the label, the UPF value must be 40 or greater.10. Determination of Va
48、lues for Percent UV-B and UV-ABlock Number to Appear on Label10.1 The percent UV-B block number that may appear on aproduct label shall be the arithmetic mean of at least twodeterminations of percent UV-B block on two test specimensdetermined according to test procedures in AATCC 183. Thetest specim
49、ens will be from prepared-for-testing fabric, fromunprepared fabric or from laundered-once garments. Thecalculation sequence shown below must be done using UV-transmittance data for the prepared-for-testing specimens, andusing UV-transmittance data for either the unprepared speci-mens or the laundered-once specimens. The lower of the twovalues in the comparison of calculated label UV-B will be thatplaced on the product. The value on the label shall be stated asa whole number no greater than 99 %.% UV2B block/measurement M! 5 100%TUVB!where:TUVB!AVE5(280 nm315 nm
