1、Designation: D6750 10aStandard Test Methods forEvaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-CylinderDiesel Engine1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1NProcedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6750; the number immediately following the designation indi
2、cates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe test methods described in this standar
3、d can be used by any properly equipped laboratorywithout outside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2provides referenceoils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (seeAnnexA15). Bythis means, the laboratory will know whether its use of t
4、he test methods gives results statisticallysimilar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratoryuses the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S.Army has such a requirement in some of its engine oil
5、 specifications.Accordingly, these test methods are written for those laboratories that use the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use these services may ignore those portions of the test methods thatrefer to the TMC.These test methods may be modified by Information Letters issued periodic
6、ally by the TMC afterthe publication of this edition of the standard to become part of it. These letters are obtainable fromthe TMC. In addition, the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test methods, alsoobtainable from the TMC.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the performance of
7、 engine oilsintended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performedin a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine byeither the 1K (0.4 % mass fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.04 % mass fuelsulfur) procedure.3The only difference in the two test methodsis the fuel used. Piston and ring groove
8、 deposit-formingtendency and oil consumption are measured. Also, the piston,the rings, and the liner are examined for distress and the ringsfor mobility. These test methods are required to evaluate oilsintended to satisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for1K, and CG-4 for 1N of Specification D
9、4485.1.2 These test methods, although based on the originalCaterpillar 1K/1N procedures,3also embody TMC informationletters issued before these test methods were first published.These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until thenext revision of these test methods, TMC will update changesin
10、 these test methods by the issuance of information letterswhich shall be obtained from TMC (see Annex A15).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3.1 ExceptionWhere there is no direct SI equivalentsuch as screw th
11、reads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubingsize, or single source equipment specified. Also Brake SpecificFuel Consumption is measured in kilograms per kilowatthour.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of
12、 the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements appear throughout the text. Being enginetests, these test methods do have definite hazards that shall bemet by
13、safe practices (see Annex A16 on Safety Precautions).1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published August 20
14、10. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D675010. DOI:10.1520/D6750-10a.2ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC), 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA15206-4489. The TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test method.This edition incorporates revisions contained in
15、all information letters through No.092.3These 1K/1N test procedures were developed by Caterpillar Inc., P.O. Box 610,Mossville, IL 61552-0610.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.1.5 The following is the Table of Contents:
16、SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Methods 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General Laboratory Requirements 6.1Test Engine 6.2Test Engine Accessories and Parts 6.3Reagents and Materials 7Test Oil Sample Requirements 8Preparation of Apparatus 9Engine Inspect
17、ion 9.1Engine Pre-Test Lubrication System Flush 9.2Engine Pre-Test Measurements and Inspections 9.3Engine Assembly 9.4Pressure Testing of Fuel System Assembly 9.5Calibration of Engine Test Stand 10General Requirements and Frequency of Calibration 10.1Runs 10.2Specified Test Parameters 10.3Calibratio
18、n Test Acceptance Criteria 10.4Action on Rejection of Calibration Test 10.5Test Numbering 10.6Reference Oils 10.7Severity Adjustments 10.8Engine Operating Procedure 11Engine Run-In 11.1Cool-Down Procedure 11.2Warm-Up Procedure 11.3Operating Conditions and Oil Additions 11.4Measurement of Oil Consump
19、tion 11.5Sampling Used Oil 11.6Shutdowns, Lost Time and Off Tolerance Conditions 11.7Recording of Exhaust Temperature 11.8Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement 11.9Recording of Engine Conditions 11.10Humidity Requirements/Calibration/Measurement 11.11Inspections, Photographs and Measurements 12Reference to Rep
20、orting Form 12.1Pre-Test Measurements of Engine Parts 12.2Post-Test Information 12.3Oil Inspections 12.4Report 13General Directions 13.1Electronic Transmission of Test Results (Optional) 13.2Reporting Calibration Test Results 13.3Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15ANNEXESSpecifications for Test Engine
21、and Engine Build Annex A1Intake Air System Details Annex A2Exhaust System Details Annex A3Cooling System Details Annex A4Oil System Modifications and Instrument Locations Annex A5Other Pressure and Temperature Measurement Locations Annex A6Oil Consumption Linear Regression Method Annex A7Test Fuel S
22、pecifications Annex A8Lubrication System, Flush Apparatus and Procedure Annex A9Engine Operating Conditions Annex A10Procedure for Rating Piston and Liner Annex A11Calculation of Percent Offset and Percent Deviation Annex A121K/1N Test Reporting Annex A13Parts List by Part Number (P/N) and Warranty
23、Annex A14Role of Test Monitoring Center Annex A15Safety Precautions Annex A16APPENDIXESHumidity Data Appendix X1Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Appendix X2Examples of Forms for Reporting Appendix X3Optional Recording of Oil Pass Limits Appendix X42. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
24、 Standards:4D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe-troleum Products by Copper Strip TestD2
25、35 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D482
26、 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specif
27、icGravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils bythe Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)D2
28、425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in MiddleDistillates by Mass SpectrometryD2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate
29、 Fuels by CentrifugeD3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of DistillateFuels5D3524 Test Method for Diesel Fuel Diluent in Used DieselEngine Oils by Gas ChromatographyD4485 Specification for Performance of Engine OilsD4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by FourVariable EquationD4739 Tes
30、t Method for Base Number Determination byPotentiometric Hydrochloric Acid TitrationD5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Ele-ments, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricat-ing Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in BaseOils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission4For r
31、eferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard i
32、s referencedon www.astm.org.D6750 10a2Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5186 Test Method for Determination of the AromaticContent and PolynuclearAromatic Content of Diesel Fuelsand Aviation Turbine Fuels By Supercritical Fluid Chro-matographyD5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibit
33、ion of Rusting (Sequence IID)5D5862 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils inTwo-Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA DieselEngine5D6202 Test Method forAutomotive Engine Oils on the FuelEconomy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in theSequence VIA Spark Ignition Engine5D6594 Test Method fo
34、r Evaluation of Corrosiveness ofDiesel Engine Oil at 135CD7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils inT-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the Inte
35、rnationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 SAE Standard:SAE J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine ServiceClassification62.3 API Standard:API 1509 Engine Service Classification and Guide toCrankcase Oil Selection73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind reference oil, na reference o
36、il, the indentity ofwhich is unknown by the test facility.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThis is a coded reference oil that issubmitted by a source independent from the test facility.D58443.1.2 calibration test, nan engine test conducted on areference oil under carefully prescribed conditions, the resultsof whic
37、h are used to determine the suitability of the enginestand/laboratory for such tests on non-reference oils.3.1.2.1 DiscussionA calibration test also includes testsconducted on parts to ensure their suitability for use inreference and non-reference tests.3.1.3 calibrated test stand, na test stand on
38、which thetesting of reference material(s), conducted as specified in thestandard, provided acceptable test results.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIn several automotive lubricant stan-dard test methods, the TMC provides testing guidance anddetermines acceptability. Sub. B Glossary23.1.4 candidate oil, nan oil tha
39、t is intended to have theperformance characteristics necessary to satisfy a specificationand is to be tested against that specification. D58443.1.5 debris, nin internal combustion engines, solid con-taminant materials unintentionally introduced into the engineor resulting from wear. D58623.1.6 doubl
40、e-blind test, na standard test performed on adouble-blind reference oil.3.1.7 double-blind reference oil, na reference oil, theidentity of which is unknown by either the submitting source orthe test facility and is not known to be a reference oil by the testfacility.3.1.7.1 DiscussionThis is a coded
41、 reference oil that issupplied by an independent source to a second party, whoapplies their own coded designation to the oil (and if necessary,repackages it to preserve its anonymity), and submits it to athird party for testing. Sub. B Glossary3.1.8 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wea
42、r, orboth, between the moving parts within an engine; removesheat, particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves asa combustion gas sealant for piston rings.3.1.8.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhancecertain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit forma-tion, valve train
43、 wear, oil oxidation, and foaming are examples.3.1.9 erosion, nwearing away gradually, especially byrubbing or corroding.3.1.10 heavy duty engine, nin internal combustion enginetypes, one that is designed to allow operation continuously at orclose to its peak output.3.1.11 lubricating oil, na liquid
44、 lubricant, usually com-prising several ingredients, including a major portion of baseoil and minor portions of various additives. Sub. B Glossary3.1.12 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a referenceoil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candi-date oil. D58443.1.13 purchaser, no
45、f an ASTM test, a person or organi-zation that pays for the conduct of an ASTM test method on aspecified product.3.1.13.1 DiscussionThe preferred term is purchaser. Dep-recated terms that have been used are client, requestor,sponsor, and customer. D62023.1.14 reference oil, nan oil of known performa
46、nce char-acteristics, used as a basis for comparison.3.1.14.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibratetesting facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, orto evaluate other materials (such as seals) that interact withoils. D58443.1.15 soot, nin internal combustion engines, submicron
47、size particles, primarily carbon, created in the combustionchamber as products of incomplete combustion. D58623.1.16 sponsor, nof an ASTM test method, an organizationthat is responsible for ensuring supply of the apparatus used inthe test procedure portion of the test method.3.1.16.1 DiscussionIn so
48、me instances, such as a testmethod for chemical analysis, anASTM working group can bethe sponsor of a test method. In other instances, a companywith a self-interest may or may not be the developer of the testprocedure used within the test method, but is the sponsor,ofthe test method D65943.1.17 stan
49、dard test, na test on a calibrated test standusing the prescribed equipment that is assembled according tothe requirements in the test method, and conducted accordingto the specified operating conditions.6Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers Inc., 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096. Order SAE Handbook, Vol 3; the standard is notavailable separately.7Available from theAmerican Petroleum Institute, 1220 L St., NW, Washington,DC 20005.D6750 10a33.1.18 wear, nthe loss of material from a surface, gener-ally occurring between two surface
