1、Designation: D7467 10Standard Specification forDiesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7467; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers fuel blend grades of 6 to 20volume percent (%) biodiesel with the remainder being a lightmiddle or middle disti
3、llate diesel fuel, collectively designatedas B6 to B20. These grades are suitable for various types ofdiesel engines.1.1.1 The biodiesel component of the blend shall conform tothe requirements of Specification D6751. The remainder of thefuel shall be a light middle or middle distillate grade diesel
4、fuelconforming to Specification D975 grades No. 1-D and No. 2-Dof any sulfur level specified with the following exceptions. Thelight middle or middle distillate grade diesel fuel whose sulfurlevel, aromatic level, cetane, or lubricity falls outside ofSpecification D975 may be blended with biodiesel
5、meetingSpecification D6751, provided the finished mixtures meets thisspecification.1.1.2 The fuel sulfur grades are described as follows:1.1.2.1 Grade B6 to B20 S15A fuel with a maximum of15 ppm sulfur.1.1.2.2 Grade B6 to B20 S500A fuel with a maximum of500 ppm sulfur.1.1.2.3 Grade B6 to B20 S5000Af
6、uel with a maximum of5000 ppm sulfur.1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties ofB6 to B20 biodiesel blends at the time and place of delivery.The specification requirements may be applied at other pointsin the production and distribution system when provided byagreement between the p
7、urchaser and the supplier.1.2.1 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observanceof federal, state, or local regulations that may be morerestrictive.NOTE 1The generation and dissipation of static electricity can createproblems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For more informa-ti
8、on on this subject, see Guide D4865.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD86 Test Method for Distillation of Petro
9、leum Products atAtmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-eral Bomb Method)D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe-troleum Products by Copper Strip TestD445 Test Method for Kinematic Visc
10、osity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
11、by Potentiometric TitrationD975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of DistillateFuelsD1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(Lamp Method)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1552
12、 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(High-Temperature Method)D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate Fuels by
13、 CentrifugeD2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.Current edition approve
14、d Aug. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originallyapproved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D746709a. DOI:10.1520/D7467-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volu
15、me information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Po
16、int of DistillateFuels3D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in LightLiquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-lometryD3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale ClosedCup TesterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4294 Test Method for Sulf
17、ur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD4539 Test Method for Filterability of Diesel Fuels byLow-Temperature Flow Test (LTFT)D4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by FourVariable EquationD4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of StaticE
18、lectricity in Petroleum Fuel SystemsD5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur inLight Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, DieselEngine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD5771 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)D577
19、2 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Linear Cooling Rate Method)D5773 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Constant Cooling Rate Method)D6079 Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of DieselFuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)D6217 Test Method for Particulat
20、e Contamination inMiddle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationD6371 Test Method for Cold Filter Plugging Point of Dieseland Heating FuelsD6468 Test Method for High Temperature Stability ofMiddle Distillate FuelsD6469 Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels andFuel SystemsD6751 Specification f
21、or Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)for Middle Distillate FuelsD6890 Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delayand Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils byCombustion in a Constant Volume ChamberD7371 Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (FattyAcid Methyl Esters) Content in Diese
22、l Fuel Oil Using MidInfrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR-PLS Method)D7397 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products(Miniaturized Optical Method)E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 Other Standards:26 CFR Part 48 Manufacturers and Re
23、tailers Excise Taxes440 CFR Part 80 Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives4EN 14078 Liquid petroleum products - Determination offatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content in middle distil-lates - Infrared spectrometry method5EN 14112 Fat and oil derivatives - Fatty acid methyl esters(FAME) - Determinati
24、on of oxidation stability (Acceler-ated oxidation test)5EN 15751 Automotive fuels - Fatty acid methyl ester(FAME) fuel and blends with diesel fuel - Determinationof oxidation stability by accelerated oxidation method53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.2 biodiesel, nfuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters o
25、flong chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animalfats, designated B100.3.3 B6 to B20, nfuel blend consisting of 6 to 20 volumepercent biodiesel conforming to the requirements of Specifi-cation D6751 with the remainder being a light middle ormiddle distillate grade diesel fuel and meeting
26、 the requirementsof this specification.3.3.1 DiscussionThe abbreviation BXX represents a spe-cific blend concentration in the range B6 to B20, where XX isthe percent volume of biodiesel in the fuel blend.3.4 S(numerical specification maximum)indicates themaximum sulfur content, in weight ppm (g/g),
27、allowed by thisspecification.4. Test Methods4.1 The requirements enumerated in this specification shallbe determined in accordance with the following methods:4.1.1 Acid NumberTest Method D664.4.1.2 Flash PointTest Method D93, except where othermethods are prescribed by law. Test Method D3828 may beu
28、sed as an alternate with the same limits. Test Method D56may be used as an alternate with the same limits, provided theflash point is below 93C. This test method will give slightlylower values. In cases of dispute, Test Method D93 shall beused as the referee method.4.1.3 Cloud PointTest Method D2500
29、. For all B6 to B20grades in Table 1, Test Method D7397 and the automatic TestMethods D5771, D5772,orD5773 may be used as alternateswith the same limits. Test Method D3117 may also be usedsince it is closely related to Test Method D2500. In case ofdispute, Test Method D2500 shall be the referee test
30、 method.4.1.4 Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP)Test MethodD6371.4.1.5 Low Temperature Flow Test (LTFT)Test MethodD4539.4.1.6 Water and SedimentTest Method D2709.4.1.7 Carbon ResidueTest Method D524.4.1.8 AshTest Method D482.4.1.9 DistillationTest Method D86.4.1.10 ViscosityTest Method D445.4.1.11 Su
31、lfurTable 2 shows the referee test methods andalternate test methods for sulfur, the range over which each testmethod applies and the corresponding fuel grades.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Offi
32、ce Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.5Available from the National CEN members listed on the CEN website(www.cenorm.be.) or from the CEN/TC 19 Secretariat (astmnen.nl).D7467 1024.1.12 AromaticityTest Method D1319. This test methodprovides an indi
33、cation of the aromatic content of fuels. Forfuels with a maximum final boiling point of 315C, this testmethod is a measurement of the aromatic content of the fuel.Grade S5000 does not have an aromatics content.4.1.13 Cetane IndexTest Method D976.4.1.14 LubricityTest Method D6079.4.1.15 Copper Corros
34、ionTest Method D130, 3 h test at50C minimum.TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements for B6 to B20 Biodiesel BlendsProperty Test MethodGradeB6 to B20 S15 B6 to B20 S500AB6 to B20 S5000BAcid Number, mg KOH/g, max D664 0.3 0.3 0.3Viscosity, mm2/s at 40C D445 1.9-4.1C1.9-4.1C1.9- 4.1CFlash Point, C, min D93 52D52
35、D52DCloud Point, C, max or LTFT/CFPP, C, max D2500, D4539, D6371EE ESulfur Content, (g/g) D5453 15 . .mass %, max D2622 . 0.05 .mass %, max D129 . . 0.50Distillation Temperature, C, 90% vol recovered, max D86 343 343 343Ramsbottom Carbon Residue on 10% bottoms, mass %, max D524 0.35 0.35 0.35Cetane
36、Number, min D613F40G40G40GOne of the following must be met:(1) Cetane index, min.D976-80H40 40 40(2) Aromaticity, %vol, max D1319-03H35 35 .Ash Content, mass%, max D482 0.01 0.01 0.01Water and Sediment, volume%, max D2709 0.05 0.05 0.05Copper Corrosion, 3 h at 50C, max D130 No. 3 No. 3 No. 3Biodiese
37、l Content, % (V/V) D7371 6. - 20. 6. - 20. 6. - 20.Oxidation Stability, hours, min EN 15751 66 6Lubricity, HFRR at 60C, micron (m), max D6079 520I520I520IAUnder United States of America regulations, if Grades B6-20 S500 are sold for tax exempt purposes then, at, or beyond terminal storage tanks, the
38、y are required by26 CFR Part 48 to contain the dye Solvent Red 164 at a concentration spectrally equivalent to 3.9 lb per thousand barrels of the solid dye standard Solvent Red 164, orthe tax must be collected.BUnder United States of America regulations, Grades B6-20 S5000 are required by 40 CFR par
39、t 80 to contain a sufficient amount of the dye Solvent Red 164 so itspresence is visually apparent. At or beyond terminal storage tanks, they are required by 26 CFR Part 48 to contain the dye Solvent Red 164 at a concentration spectrallyequivalent to 3.9 lb per thousand barrels of the solid dye stan
40、dard Solvent Red 26.CIf Grade No. 1-D or blends of Grade No. 1-D and Grade No. 2-D diesel fuel are used, the minimum viscosity shall be 1.3 mm2/s.DIf Grade No. 1-D or blends of Grade No. 1-D and Grade No. 2-D diesel fuel are used, or a cloud point of less than -12C is specified, the minimum flash po
41、int shallbe 38C.EIt is unrealistic to specify low temperature properties that will ensure satisfactory operation at all ambient conditions. In general, cloud point (or wax appearance point)Low Temperature Flow Test, and Cold Filter Plugging Point Test may be useful to estimate vehicle low temperatur
42、e operability limits but their use with B6 to B20 has notbeen validated. However, satisfactory operation below the cloud point (or wax appearance point) may be achieved depending on equipment design, operating conditions,and the use of flow-improver additives as described in X3.1.2. Appropriate low
43、temperature operability properties should be agreed upon between the fuel supplier andpurchaser for the intended use and expected ambient temperatures. Test Methods D4539 and D6371 may be especially useful to estimate vehicle low temperatureoperability limits when flow improvers are used but their u
44、se with B6 to B20 from a full range of biodiesel feedstock sources has not been validated. Due to fuel deliverysystem, engine design, and test method differences, low temperature operability tests may not provide the same degree of protection in various vehicle operating classes.Tenth percentile min
45、imum air temperatures for U.S. locations are provided in Appendix X3 as a means of estimating expected regional temperatures. The tenth percentileminimum air temperatures may be used to estimate expected regional target temperatures for use with Test Methods D2500, D4539, and D6371. Refer to X3.1.3
46、for furthergeneral guidance on test application.FCalculated cetane index approximation, Test Method D4737, is not applicable to biodiesel blends.GLow ambient temperatures, as well as engine operation at high altitudes, may require the use of fuels with higher cetane ratings. If the diesel fuel is qu
47、alified underTable 1 of Specification D975 for cetane, it is not necessary to measure the cetane number of the blend. This is because the cetane number of the individual blendcomponents will be at least 40, so the resulting blend will also be at least 40 cetane number.HThese test methods are specifi
48、ed in 40 CFR Part 80.IIf the diesel fuel is qualified under Table 1 of Specification D975 for lubricity, it is not necessary to measure the lubricity of the blend. This is because the lubricity ofthe individual blend components will be less than 520 micron (m) so the resulting blend will also be les
49、s than 520 (m).TABLE 2 Sulfur Test MethodsSulfur Test Method Range Grades Units Used to Report ResultsAD129(referee)0.1 mass % S5000 mass %D1266 0.0005 to 0.4 mass %5 to 4000 mg/kg (wt ppm)S500 mass %D1552 0.06 mass % S5000 mass %D2622(referee for S500 grades)0.0003 to 5.3 mass %3 to 53 000 mg/kg (wt ppm)all grades mass %D3120 3.0 to 100 mg/kg (wt ppm) S15, S500(S500 grades must be diluted before testing)ppm (g/g)D4294 0.0150 to 5.00 mass %150 to 50 000 mg/kg (wt ppm)S5000 mass %D5453(referee for S15 grades)0.0001 to 0.8 mass %1.0 to 8000 mg/
