1、Designation: D8198 18Standard Specification forHydraulically Applied 100 % Wood Fiber Mulches1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8198; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the physical properties andtesting requirements for 100 % wood fiber Hydraulic ErosionControl Products (HECP)
3、mulches.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units, which are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard. Reporting oftest results in units other than SI shall not be regarded
4、 asnonconformance with this standard. The sieve designations areidentified using the “alternative” system in accordance withPractice E11, such as 3-in. and No. 200, instead of the“standard” of 75-mm and 75-m, respectively.1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for sign
5、ificant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026, unless superseded by this test method.1.3.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as theindustry standard. In addition, they are representative of thesignificant digits that
6、 generally should be retained. The proce-dures used do not consider material variation, purpose forobtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-ations for the users objectives; and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with t
7、hese considerations. It is beyond the scopeof these test methods to consider significant digits used inanalysis methods for engineering data.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard
8、to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Pri
9、nciples for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD2974 Test Methods for Moisture,
10、 Ash, and Organic Matterof Peat and Other Organic SoilsD2976 Test Method for pH of Peat MaterialsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geote
11、chnicalDataD7367 Test Method for Determining Water Holding Capac-ity of Fiber Mulches for Hydraulic PlantingD7560 Test Method for Determination of Fiber LengthPercentages in Hydraulic Erosion Control Products(HECPs)E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3. Terminology3.1 Def
12、initions:3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in thisstandard, refer to Terminology D653.3.1.2 hydraulic erosion control product, (HECP), namanufactured, temporary, degradable, prepackaged fibrous ma-terial that is mixed with water and hydraulically applied as aslurry designed to red
13、uce soil erosion and assist in theestablishment and growth of vegetation.4. Materials4.1 Wood fiber mulch shall be produced from wood chipsthat are 100 % virgin, or recycled, or a combination of both.There are typically three types of wood fiber mulch based onvarious levels of manufacturing technolo
14、gies that impact thewater holding capacity of the fibers.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion andSediment Control Technology.Current edition approved July 15, 2018. Published August 2018. D
15、OI: 10.1520/D8198-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr H
16、arbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommend
17、ations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15. Physical Properties5.1 Table 1 presents the requirements the wood fiber mulchmust meet.6. Sampling and Test Specimens6.1 The sample to be used for evaluating the physicalproperties shall be obtained from a
18、processed and packagedbale of 100 % wood fiber mulch that has no visible signs oftears or openings in the packaging. If the packaging of the baleis torn, do not use the bale for testing, as the moisture contentwill be affected.6.2 Cut open the bale and select 40 g from each the top,middle, and botto
19、m13 of the bale for a total of 120 g. Place thefibers in a large mixing bowl and gently break the compressedfibers apart with your thumb and fingers. Mix thoroughly andmake sure each of the test specimens are representative of thesample.6.3 Select four test specimens to be tested following thespecim
20、en mass requirements given in the individual testmethods listed in Section 7.7. Test Methods7.1 Use one of the test specimens to determine the moistureand ash contents and organic matter following Test MethodsD2974. Record the moisture content to the nearest 1 %, the ashcontent to the nearest 1 %, a
21、nd the organic matter to the nearest1%.7.2 Use one test specimen for each to determine the:7.2.1 pH using Test Method D2976. Record to the nearest0.1.7.2.2 Fiber length using Test Method D7560. Record to thenearest 1 %.7.2.3 Water holding capacity using Test Method D7367.Record to the nearest 10 %.N
22、OTE 1The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and thesuitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet thecriteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competentand objective testing/sampling
23、/inspection/etc. Users of this standard arecautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assurereliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.8. Rejection and Rehearing8.1 Material that fails to conform
24、 to the requirements of thisspecification may be rejected. Rejection should be reported tothe producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for rehearing.8.2 In the event a sample fails to conform to the r
25、equire-ments of this specification, the manufacturer may test newbales of processed and packaged wood fiber selected at randomby the purchaser from the same lot. If the second set of testsalso fails to conform to the requirements of this specification,the wood fiber may be deemed unacceptable and th
26、e entire lotmay be rejected by the purchaser.9. Certification9.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, thepurchaser shall be furnished certification stating samples rep-resenting each lot have been tested as indicated in thisspecification and the requirements have been met. Whenspecified
27、 in the purchase order or contract, a report of the testresults shall be furnished. Test reports may be transmitted tothe purchaser by electronic services. The content of theelectronically transmitted document shall conform to anyexisting agreement between the purchaser and the seller.10. Keywords10
28、.1 fiber mulch; HECP; hydraulically applied; wood fibermulchTABLE 1 Wood Fiber Mulch RequirementsProperty Test MethodRequirementType I Type II Type IIIAsh Content D2974 (Method D) #5% #5% #5%pH D2976 4.0 - 8.5 4.0 - 8.5 4.0 - 8.5Organic Matter D2974 (Method D) $95% $95% $95%Moisture Content D2974 (M
29、ethod A) #15% #15% #15%Fiber Length D7560 #20% retained on the No.8(0.0937 in.) sieve and #20%retained in the pan by mass#20% retained on the No.8(0.0937 in.) sieve and #20%retained in the pan by mass#25% retained on the No.8(0.0937 in.) sieve and #25%retained in the pan by massWater Holding Capacit
30、y D7367 $1000% $600% $250%D8198 182ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
31、of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this
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