1、Designation: E2942 15E2942 17Standard Guide forSecurity of Tank Farm Installations for Compliance withSpill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure Plan (SPCC)Regulations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2942; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofo
2、riginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONFederal Regulation 40 CFR 112.3 requires an owner or operato
3、r of certain onshore or offshorefacilities that have tanks used for storing oil to prepare a written Spill Prevention Control andCountermeasure Plan (SPCC Plan). The SPCC Plan must include a description of the securitymeasures that are implemented at the facility to prevent unauthorized access to oi
4、l handling,processing, and storage areas. Such security measures may involve fencing, lighting and other moresophisticated systems.The SPCC rule defines Tier I and Tier II facilities. The owner/operator of Tier I and certain Tier IIfacilities may prepare and self-certify the SPCC Plan. Refer to Unit
5、ed States Environmental ProtectionAgency - Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Spill Prevention, Control and Countermea-sure (SPCC) Rule - Stream-lined Requirements for Tier I and Tier II Qualified Facilities for aid indetermining if a particular facility is a qualified Tier I or Tier II fa
6、cility. If the requirements forself-certification are not met then the SPCC Plan must be certified by a Professional Engineer (P.E.)Some states do not permit self-certification of SPCC Plans and thus requires that all SPCC Plans becertified by a Professional Engineer (P.E.) The owner/operator should
7、 check with the state engineeringlicensing board to find out if it prohibits SPCC Plan self-certification.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This guide covers fencing and lighting only. More sophisticated security systems may be appropriate for the facility butdiscussion of these types of systems is beyond the scop
8、e of this document.1.2 The information included in this guide is intended for petroleum bulk storage facilities. It is not intended for use with retailfueling and other motor fueling facilities, refineries, chemical plants, docks, oil production facilities, or electric power generation,transmission,
9、 distribution and service center facilities. Fencing, lighting or other security measures designed to preventunauthorized access to the bulk storage facility may be components of Best Management Practices (BMPs) that the facility usesto prevent releases of petroleum to storm water discharges. There
10、are several different types of fencing and lighting that can beeffective. The intent of this document is to outline a method for providing security fencing and lighting that has been effectivelyused. There are other fencing and lighting methods that may be adequately effective. Some facilities may b
11、e considered adequatelysecure without fencing or lighting. An analysis of the threat level should be made to determine the type of security system toemploy.1.3 Any facilities must meet local, state, and federal building, architectural, hazardous material handling and storage, and fireprotection code
12、s.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles fo
13、r the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the
14、directresponsibility of Subcommittee E50.01 on Storage Tanks.Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2015Aug. 1, 2017. Published December 2015August 2017. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E294215. DOI:10.1520/E294210.1520/E294217This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provid
15、e the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the st
16、andard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A121 Spe
17、cification for Metallic-Coated Carbon Steel Barbed WireA123 Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel ProductsA392 Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricA567/A567M Specification for Castings, Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel-Base Alloy, for High Strength at
18、Elevated Temperatures(Withdrawn 1987)3A817 Specification for Metallic-Coated Steel Wire for Chain-Link Fence Fabric and Marcelled Tension WireF626 Specification for Fence FittingsF900 Specification for Industrial and Commercial Steel Swing GatesF1043 Specification for Strength and Protective Coating
19、s on Steel Industrial Fence FrameworkF1083 Specification for Pipe, Steel, Hot-Dipped Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded, for Fence StructuresF1184 Specification for Industrial and Commercial Horizontal Slide Gates2.2 American National Standards Institute/American Petroleum Institute4ANSI/API Standard 7
20、80 Security Risk Assessment Methodology for the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries2.3 Chain Link Fence Manufacturers Institute:5CLF SFR0111CLFSFR0111 Security Fencing Recommendations The Tested and Proven Performance of Security GradeChain Link Fencing SystemsCLF-WLG 0110 Chain Link Fence Wind L
21、oad Guide for Selection of Line Post and Line Post SpacingCLF-PM0610 Product Manual2.4 United States Department of Transportation:6AC150/5370 10FItem F-161 Wire fence With Steel Posts (Class C and D Fence)Item F-162 Chain Link Fence ItemF-163 Wildlife Deterrent Fence2.5 United States Environmental P
22、rotection Agency:Federal Regulation 40 CFR 112 Oil Prevention Pollution Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Spill Prevention,Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Rule Streamlined Requirements for Tier I and Tier II Qualified Facilities2.6 Federal Standards:7Federal Specification RR-F-191K/GEN
23、 Fencing, Wire and Post Metal (And Gates, Chain Link Fence Fabric, and Accessories-(General Specification)RR-F-191/1 Fencing,Fencing, Wire and Post, Metal (Chain-Link Fence Fabric)RR-F-191/2 Fencing, Wire and Post, Metal (Chain- Link Fence Gates)RR-F-191/3 Fencing, Wire and Post, Metal (Chain-Link F
24、ence Posts, Top Rails, and Braces)RR-F-191/4 Fencing,Fencing, Wire and Post, Metal (Chain-Link Fence Accessories)2.7 Lighting:NFPA 70 National Electric Code Introduction, Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Article 410 International Building Code Section 1205Illumination Society of North Ame
25、ricaUnited States Environmental Protection Agency 40 FR 112 Oil Pollution Prevention3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 foot candleis a non-SI unit of illuminance or light intensity, abbreviated fc, lm/ft2, ft-c.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe SI unit is lux. One foot candle is approximately equal to 10.764 l
26、ux.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is
27、 referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5 Chain Link Fence Manufacturers Institute (CLFMI) 10015 Old Columbia Rd. Suite B215 Columbia, MD 21046. http:/www.chainlinkinfo.org6 United St
28、ates Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20590 855-368-4200, https:/www.transportation.gov7 DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094 http:/quicksearch.dla.mil/E2942 1724. Threat Level4.1 The first step is for the owner to i
29、nvestigate and determine the perceived threat level. From that determination a judgmenton the type and extent of fencing and the type and extent of lighting can be made. Helpful references are detailed in Section 2above. Contacting the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to obtain a security analy
30、sis and a vulnerability study may behelpful. Further contacting the local police department or sheriff for guidance on security strategies in the local area based onfamiliarity with the threat characteristics of the area will be helpful.4.2 Another document that may be useful in identifying the thre
31、at level and evaluating the risk involved is ASNI/API Standard780 Security Risk Assessment Methodology for the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries.5. Fencing Systems5.1 The reference documents describe fencing systems that are more secure and fencing systems that are less secure. The ownershould
32、perform a risk analysis and determine the appropriate fencing system for the facilities to be protected.NOTE 1Some fence types may be restricted by local codes.6. Fencing Details6.1 A chain-link fence is one type of fencing that has been used successfully with the type of facilities described in 1.2
33、. Thereare other fencing details that will provide adequate security Refer to Appendix X1 for typical chain-link fence details.7. Illumination7.1 The illumination values included in Appendix X2 have been used successfully for these types of facilities.The owner shoulddetermine if other illumination
34、values are better suited to the facilities involved.7.2 Facilities should be equipped with lights to prevent acts of vandalism and to allow facility personnel to discover dischargesthat occur at night.NOTE 2Lighting may not be helpful for security where a perpetrator has no fear of being caught and
35、there are no patrols or other surveillance.7.3 The lighting system used to provide the required illumination levels should be designed to provide the average illuminationwhen the lighting is in operation.8. Keywords8.1 fencing; lighting; SPCC plan; tank farm security; tank farm security fencing; tan
36、k farm security lightingAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. CHAIN-LINK FENCING DETAILSINTRODUCTIONThis appendix covers chain-link fencing details. It is being provided for reference only. There areother details of chain-link fence construction that may be better suited for a particular installat
37、ion.X1.1 Type of FenceX1.1.1 Chain-link fabric, 72 in. high, with tubular top rail, bottom tension wire, and guard top.X1.1.2 The guard top is three strands of barbed wire on 45 degree extension arm turned inside.X1.1.3 If a wildlife deterrent fence is deemed necessary, refer to United States Depart
38、ment of Transportation, AC150/5370 ItemF-163 for typical details.X1.2 MaterialsNOTE X1.1Zinc coated (hot dipped galvanized) materials are specified below. Some jurisdictions may have regulations prohibiting zinc coated (hotdipped galvanized) material where zinc is regulated in stormwater runoff.E294
39、2 173X1.2.1 Chain-Link Fabric:X1.2.1.1 The chain-link fabric should be zinc coated (hot dipped galvanized) per Specification A392, Class 2, 2 in. mesh, andof No. 9 gauge steel wire.(1) The fabric should be weaved before galvanizing.X1.2.2 Barbed Wire:X1.2.2.1 The barbed wire should be zinc coated (h
40、ot dipped galvanized) per Specification A121 Class 3, and should be fabricatedfrom two strands of No. 12 12 gauge steel wire with four point No. 14 gauge aluminum barbs spaced on 5 in. centers.X1.2.3 Bottom Tension Wire:X1.2.3.1 The bottom tension wire should be zinc coated (hot dipped galvanized) p
41、er Specification A817, Type II, Class, and ofNo. 7 gauge steel coil tension wire.X1.2.4 Top Rail:X1.2.4.1 The top rail should be 1.660 in. O.D. Specification F1043 and Specification F1083 Group 1A Regular grade with TypeA external and internal galvanized coatings pipe with galvanized sleeve type cou
42、plings.NOTE X1.2Omitting the top rail can make the fence more difficult to climb. In this Case a 7 gauge coil spring wire can be installed in place of thetop rail.X1.2.4.2 One coupling in every five should have a 6 in. sleeve to accommodate temperature take up expansion and contraction.X1.2.5 Bracin
43、g:X1.2.5.1 Brace rail should be 1.666 in. OD per Specification F1043 and Specification F1043 Group 1Astandard weight galvanizedpipe with 38 in. diameter galvanized truss rods and truss tighteners.X1.2.6 Line Posts:X1.2.6.1 Line posts should be NPS 2 (2.375 in. O.D.) Specification F1043 and Specifica
44、tion F1083 Group 1A standard weightgalvanized pipe.X1.2.7 Terminal Posts:X1.2.7.1 Terminal posts (end, pull, and corner posts) should be NPS 212 (2.875 in. OD.) Specification F1043 and SpecificationF1083 Group 1A standazrd weight galvanized pipe.X1.2.8 Barbed Wire Extension Arms:X1.2.8.1 Line Post:(
45、1) Barbed wire extension arms should be fabricated of pressed steel or malleable iron per Specification F626 Type 1galvanized in accordance with Specification A123.(2) Extension arms should be able to withstand a minimum pull down of 300 lb at the end of the arm.X1.2.8.2 Terminal Posts:(1) Barbed wi
46、re arms should be fabricated of 11 gauge (minimum) pressed steel or heavy malleable iron base with 11 gauge(minimum) pressed steel per Specification F626 Type I.(2) Extension should be galvanized per Specification A123.(3) Extensions should be able to withstand a minimum pull down weight of 300 lb a
47、nd of the force of the barbed wire stretchedto proper tension.E2942 174(4) Extensions should be securely fastened to post.X1.2.9 Gate Posts:X1.2.9.1 Gate posts should be Specification F1043 and Specification F1043 Group 1ARegular Grade standard weight galvanizedpipe.X1.2.9.2 The size of the gate pos
48、t shall be determined from the maximum width of single leaf gates or by one leaf of double leafgates per Specification F900.X1.2.10 Tension Bars and Bands:X1.2.10.1 Tension bars for pulling the fence fabric to terminal posts should be 34 in. steel bars, hot dipped galvanized inaccordance with Specif
49、ication F626.X1.2.10.2 Bands for fastening tension bars to terminal posts should be 11 gauge by 1 in. wide steel, hot dipped galvanized inaccordance with SpecificationF626.X1.2.11 Gates:X1.2.11.1 Swing Gates:(1) The frame should be NPS 112 (1.900 in.) OD Specification F1083 and Specification F1043 Group 1A Regular Gradestandard weight galvanized pipe with galvanized pressed steel or galvanized malleable iron corner ells, riveted or bolted or weldedcorners.(2) The internal bracing should be NPS 1 (1.666 in. OD) Specification F1083 and Speci
