1、Designation: F1041 02 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Guide forSqueeze-Off of Polyolefin Gas Pressure Pipe and Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1041; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide describes general procedures for squeeze-offof polyolefin gas pressure pipe and tubing. Pipe and squeezetoo
3、l manufacturers shall be requested to supply recommenda-tions for squeeze-off with materials or products.1.2 Governing codes and project specifications should beconsulted. Nothing in this document should be construed asrecommending practices or systems at variance with governingcodes and project spe
4、cifications.1.3 This guide covers squeeze-off of polyolefin pipe andtubing in accordance with Specification D2513.1.4 Where applicable in this guide, “pipe” shall mean “pipeand tubing.”1.5 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses a
5、remathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided forinformation only and are not considered the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate
6、safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2513 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Gas PressurePipe, Tubing, and FittingsF1734 Practice for Qualification of a Combination ofSqueeze Tool, Pipe, and S
7、queeze-Off Procedures to AvoidLong-Term Damage in Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pipe2.2 Other Standards:GRI-92/0147.2 Volume 2: Technical Reference on Squeeze-off of Polyethylene Gas Pipes33. Significance and Use3.1 Squeeze-off is a technique used to control the flow ofgas through a pipe by the compressing
8、action of a mechanicalor hydraulic device. Squeeze-off may be used to reduce theflow of gas to an acceptable rate.3.2 Proper squeeze-off procedures result in significant timesaving in the reduction of gas flow in an emergency and in themaintenance and operation, or both, of a gas distributionsystem.
9、 Improper squeeze-off can cause damage to the pipe orcreate a safety hazard, or both.4. Operator Experience4.1 Each squeeze-off shall be made in accordance withwritten procedures in accordance with Practice F1734, thathave been proven to produce safe squeeze-off. The personactually responsible for t
10、he squeeze-off shall ensure thatdetailed procedures are developed in conjunction with theowner of the pipe system, the manufacturer of the pipe, and themanufacturer of the squeeze-off tools. These procedures shallinclude safety precautions to be followed and are to be issuedbefore actual squeeze-off
11、 operations commence.4.2 Skill and knowledge on the part of the operator arerequired to control the flow of gas to achieve a safe squeeze-off. This skill and knowledge shall be obtained by makingsqueeze-offs in accordance with written procedures in accor-dance with Practice F1734.5. Pipe and Conditi
12、ons5.1 In order to obtain proper squeeze-off, it is necessary toconsider the pipe diameter, wall thickness, pipe material,internal pressure, squeeze tool(s), squeeze-off procedure andenvironmental conditions. The user shall request the pipemanufacturer to supply specific recommendations for thesquee
13、ze-off of the manufacturers product based upon the1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic PipingSystems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.60 on Gas.Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous ed
14、ition approved in 2008 as F1041 02(2008).DOI: 10.1520/F1041-02R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web
15、site.3GRI Document Fulfillment Center, 1510 Hubbard Dr. Batavia, IL 60510.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1evaluation procedures outlined in Practice F1734 with addi-tional considerations for internal pressure and ambie
16、nt tem-perature. The operator shall exercise caution during coldtemperatures because the pipe may be more susceptible tosqueeze off damage.6. Apparatus6.1 Tools to squeeze-off polyolefin gas pressure pipe andtubing shall conform to the requirements of F1563.7. Procedure7.1 Proper squeeze-off procedu
17、res developed in accordancewith Practice F1734 shall address safety considerations, toollocation, tool operation, tool removal, and post squeeze-offconsiderations.7.2 Safety ConsiderationsPressure control situations re-quiring squeeze-off may involve working in the vicinity ofescaping gas. Consider
18、the possibility and potential hazard ofstatic electricity and observe safety precautions. Safety precau-tions regarding static electricity generally include performingthe squeeze-off in operation in separate bellhole isolated fromthe blowing gas, grounding the squeeze-off tool and applying asoapy wa
19、ter solution and wet nonsynthetic cloth (such ascotton or burlap material) or commercially available electro-static discharge fluid and polyethylene tape wrap to the pipesurface to provide for dissipation of static charge to the ground.Check the squeeze-off tool prior to use to ensure it is thecorre
20、ct size, is properly functioning, and is properly adjustedfor the squeeze-off to be done.7.3 Tool LocationCenter the squeeze-off tool on andsquare to the pipe. This will allow the pipe to flatten freelywithout jamming against the tool frame or abutments. Locatethe squeeze-off tool at least three pip
21、e diameters or 12 in. (305mm), whichever is greater, from any fusion joint (1.5 diametersfor butt-fusion joint) or mechanical fitting.7.4 Tool OperationOperate the squeeze-off tool at a rateslow enough to allow stress relaxation in the pipe to occur.Experience indicates that compression rates of 2 i
22、n. per min. orless are appropriate. This is particularly helpful when pipebecomes stiff in cold weather. Squeeze the pipe until the flowof gas ceases or the mechanical stop is contacted, whichevercomes first. Continuing to operate the squeeze-off tool beyondthis point can cause pipe or tool damage.
23、When the squeezed-off position is reached, on some tools, a mechanical lock-offdevice must be manually engaged.7.5 Tool RemovalRemove the squeeze-off tool in a con-trolled manner. If the tool has a mechanical lock-off device,disengage it. Avoid sudden release of mechanical or hydraulicpressure. Cont
24、rolled release is necessary so flow control maybe quickly reestablished if required. A release rate of 0.5in./min or less should be maintained to prevent pipe materialdamage. Rerounding the pipe is an option which should beexercised on the basis of improvement in gas flow or otherconcerns, rather th
25、an damage mitigation. If rerounding ispreformed, reround the pipe by rotating the squeeze-off tool90 and applying enough force to round the pipe or by using aspecial tool designed for this purpose.7.6 Post Squeeze-off Considerations After the squeeze-offtool has been removed, inspect the squeezed se
26、ction for anydamage. Procedures should include actions to be taken ifdamage is found. Procedures should not allow the same area tobe squeezed off more than once. When an emergency conditionrequires squeeze-off without regard for possible pipe damage,the procedure should include actions to be taken b
27、ased on thelikelihood the pipe has been damaged.8. Keywords8.1 damage; pipe; polyolefin; squeeze-offASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that dete
28、rmination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or
29、 withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel tha
30、t your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints
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