1、Designation: F1511 16F1511 18 An American National StandardStandard Specification forMechanical Seals for Shipboard Pump Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1511; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers mechanical end-face seals for centrifugal and positive displacement pu
3、mps for shipboard use.1.2 The following types of seals are not included in this specification: lip seals, oil seals, circumferential seals, or labyrinth seals.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI u
4、nits that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. A companion hard metric standardis in the process of preparation.1.4 Special requirements for U.S. Navy Shipboard Pump Applications are included in Supplement S1.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance w
5、ith internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards
6、:2A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-FinishedA182/A182M Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Partsfor High-Temperature ServiceA240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, S
7、heet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels andfor General ApplicationsA276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA313/A313M Specification for Stainless Steel Spring WireA351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing PartsA436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron Ca
8、stingsA494/A494M Specification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel AlloyA564/A564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA579/A579M Specification for Superstrength Alloy Steel ForgingsA693 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Stainless and Heat-
9、Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripA744/A744M Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe ServiceB62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce Metal CastingsB127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) Plate, Sheet, and StripB164 Specification
10、 for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and WireB166 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025, N06045,and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617), and Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten Alloy(UNS N06674) Rod, Bar, and WireB168 Spec
11、ification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025, N06045,and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617), and Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten Alloy(UNS N06674) Plate, Sheet, and StripB271 Specification for Copper-Base Alloy Centrifugal Cas
12、tings1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 onMachinery and Piping Systems.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016April 1, 2018. Published November 2016April 2018. Originally approved i
13、n 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20142016 asF1511 14.F1511 16. DOI: 10.1520/F1511-16.10.1520/F1511-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the st
14、andards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accura
15、tely, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United State
16、s1B333 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate, Sheet, and StripB335 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy RodB338 Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat ExchangersB348 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
17、B367 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy CastingsB443 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-ColumbiumAlloy(UNS N06625) and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-SiliconAlloy (UNS N06219) Plate, Sheet, and StripB446 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy (UNS N06625), Nick
18、el-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219), and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06650) Rod and BarB472 Specification for Nickel Alloy Billets and Bars for ReforgingB473 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08024, and UNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Bar and WireB505/B505M Specification f
19、or Copper Alloy Continuous CastingsB584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General ApplicationsB637 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and Cold Worked NickelAlloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for Moderateor High Temperature ServiceB670 Specification for Precipitation-Harden
20、ing Nickel Alloy (UNS N07718) Plate, Sheet, and Strip for High-TemperatureServiceD1141 Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean WaterD1418 Practice for Rubber and Rubber LaticesNomenclatureD3294 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Resin Molded Sheet and Molded Basic ShapesD3951
21、Practice for Commercial Packaging2.2 ASQ Standards:3ASQC Z1.4 American Society of Quality, Quality Conformance Inspection2.3 ANSI Standards:4ANSI Y14.1 Drawing Sheet Size and FormatANSI Y14.2 Line Convention and LetteringANSI Y14.3 Multi and Sectional View DrawingsANSI Y14.5 Dimensioning and Toleran
22、cing for Engineering DrawingsANSI Y14.6 Screw Thread RepresentationANSI Y14.26.3 Computer-Aided Preparation of Production Definition Data, Terms and Definitions2.4 Military Standards:5MIL-S-901 Shock Tests, H.I. (High Impact); Shipboard Machinery, Equipment CF8,8A; CF8C; CF10)Alloyed stainless steel
23、 (cast) A744/A744M (CN-7M, CN-7MS)17-4 PH A564/A564M and A693 (UNS S17400)AM 350 A579/A579M (Grade 61)FIG. 2 Single SealInside O-Ring Secondary Seal, Classification Type A Grade 1FIG. 3 Single SealOutside Mounted Classification Type B Grade 1F1511 184NiCuA B164 (UNS N04400, N04405), B127,A494/A494M
24、(Grades M35-1,M35-2,M-30H, M-25S)NiMo A494/A494M (Grades CW-2M, N-12 MV)NiMoB (Alloy B) B333 and B335 (UNS N10001, N10665,N10675)NiCrFeC NiCrMoCo B166, B168NiCr B637, B670NiCrMoCbD B443, B446Steel A108Austenetic grey iron A436Titanium B338, B348, B367Nickel cast iron (ductile nodularor graphitic)A43
25、6 Type 1A Monel7 or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.B Hastelloy B or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.7 The term “Monel” and the Monel logo are trademarks of the Special Metals Corporation, Huntington, WV, USA.FIG. 4 Double SealsBack to Back Classificat
26、ion Type C Grade 1FIG. 5 Double SealsFace to Face Classification Type C Grade 1F1511 185C Inconel X7508 or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.D Inconel 6258 or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.6.3 Face MaterialsMechanical seal-wearing faces shall be select
27、ed to provide the desired performance and corrosionresistance for the specified design life of the seal.6.3.1 Performance ranges for face combinations are listed in Table 2.6.3.2 Face materials shall be of solid construction only; no overlays, deposited coatings, or sprayed on coatings are permitted
28、.6.3.3 Carbon is preferred for one of the faces unless the service is abrasive, dirty, or chemically active.6.3.4 For special service requirements, hard on hard seal face combinations may be required. Face material combinations, suchas silicon carbide versus silicon carbide, silicon carbide versus t
29、ungsten carbide, and tungsten carbide versus tungsten carbide, maybe used as similar or dissimilar contacting face materials when recommended by the supplier and approved by the user.6.4 Face Material Specifications:6.4.1 CarbonSuitable for service as recommended by the manufacturer.Acarbon seal gra
30、de is a material having carbonaceousfiller system comprised of pitch and resins, compacted and baked to a final temperature. These grades are subsequentlyimpregnated with resin until they become impervious. All available carbons may not be suitable for a particular application.Carbons considered for
31、 use in a particular application shall be checked for suitability in accordance with the requirements of thisspecification.6.4.2 Tungsten Carbide6 to 10 % nickel or cobalt-bound solid tungsten carbide.6.4.3 Ceramic99.5 % minimum alumina ceramic suitable for the service as recommended by the manufact
32、urer.6.4.4 Silicon Carbide(a) Reaction-BondedSolid fine-grained reaction-bonded silicon carbide 8 to 12 % free silicon,essentially free of carbon, impervious structure requiring no impregnant. (b) Reaction-Bonded With GraphiteA compositematerial of fine-grain reaction-bonded silicon carbide; 5 to 10
33、 % free silicon and 10 to 30 % graphite; impervious structurerequiring no impregnant. (c) Direct SinteredSolid homogeneous silicon carbide essentially free of silicon and carbon, imperviousstructure requiring no impregnant. (d) Direct Sintered Silicon CarbideContains 10 % free graphite. (e) Siliconi
34、zed CarbonGraphiteApproximately 0.025-in. (0.64-mm) thick conversion of silicon carbide on carbon substructure and impregnated withthermosetting resin.6.5 Elastomeric Materials:6.5.1 Special care should be given to the selection and installation of elastomeric components, such as bellows and O-rings
35、. Oneof the most important considerations for elastomers is fluid compatibility. Table 3 references most shipboard applications. Consultthe seal manufacturer for fluids not listed.6.5.2 Material Classification/Specification:6.5.2.1 NitrilePractice D1418, Class Designation NBR.6.5.2.2 ChloroprenePrac
36、tice D1418, Class Designation CR.6.5.2.3 FluorocarbonPractice D1418, Class Designation FKM.6.5.2.4 Ethylene Propylene (EP)Practice D1418, Class Designation EPM/EPDM.8 The term “Inconel” and the Inconel logo are trademarks of the Special Metals Corporation, Huntington, WV, USA.FIG. 6 Tandem Seals Cla
37、ssification Type D Grade 1F1511 1866.5.2.5 PerfluoroelastomerPractice D1418, Class Designation FFKM.6.5.2.6 Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)Specification D3294.6.5.2.7 Corrugated graphite ribbon packing.6.5.3 Ethylene propylene (EP) rubber shall not be lubricated with any petroleum base substances. Che
38、ck Section 11 andAppendix X1 or manufacturers recommendations before using any lubricant.7. Performance Requirements7.1 Seal life shall be defined in terms of the time period in which the mechanical seal functions properly under its specifiedservice.7.1.1 The minimum operational life of a mechanical
39、 seal shall be 16 000 statistical hours provided that the equipment ismaintained and operated in accordance with the requirements of Section 8.7.1.2 During any portion of the service life, the dynamic leakage shall not exceed five drops per minute for Class 0 seals.Afterinitial installation, hydrost
40、atic leakage shall be zero for a 5-min period, when the equipment is subjected to system pressure.7.1.3 All split mechanical seals, Classes 1 through 4, may experience higher leakage rates than Class 0, solid mechanical seals.A leakage rate of five drops per minute shall be acceptable after completi
41、on of the manufacturers recommended break-in period.7.1.3.1 Some leakage may occur between the seal faces upon startup. If leakage is less than 30 drops a minute this shouldimprove as the faces “run-in.” If leakage is greater than 30 drops a minute, then the seal, equipment, or the operating conditi
42、ons,or combination thereof, should be examined to determine the probable cause for the leakage. If the seal installation is determinedFIG. 7 Ordering Data ChecklistF1511 187FIG. 8 Stuffing Box ArrangementF1511 188to be the root cause of the leakage, then the seal should be inspected for nicked or cu
43、t O-rings, misaligned seal faces halves,chipped or cracked seal faces, or any other issues that may cause the leakage.7.1.4 In special applications of extreme environmental parameters, such as high temperature with limited cooling, highpressure/velocity, extreme abrasion, unusual equipment vibration
44、, shaft end-play, or run-out, the pump and seal manufacturers shallagree upon the best achievable minimum operating life requirements and leakage performance.7.1.5 Double or special seal arrangements may be required in applications in which zero product leakage to the environmentis required such as
45、hazardous fluids, fuel oil, acids, chemicals, and sewage. Consult the seal manufacturer for recommendations.8. Design Requirements8.1 Installation Arrangements:8.1.1 Type A mechanical seals shall be provided unless otherwise specified.8.1.2 Tandem or double mechanical seals may be installed in speci
46、al applications in which it is determined that a buffer fluidsystem is required for lubrication, containment, or safety.FIG. 9 Stuffing Box DimensionsTABLE 1 Metal Component CompatibilityNOTE 1For fluids or materials not covered here, seal selection to be mutually agreed upon by seal manufacturer, p
47、ump supplier, and end user.NOTE 2 X = Suitable for use as seal components.FluidMaterialsABrass 316 StainlessSteel Ni-Cu Alloy 20Highly AlloyedStainlessSteelNi-Mo Ni-Cr-Mo-Cb Ni-Cr-FeFresh WaterDemineralized water X X X X XBoiler feed X X X X XPotable X X X X X X XSalt WaterSeawater X X X X XDistille
48、r brine X X X XFuel OilNavy distillate X X X X X XJP-5 X X X X X XDiesel X X X X X XKerosene X X X X X XCrude oil X X X X X XLube oil X X X X X XSewage X X X X XA See Section 6 for material specifications.F1511 1898.2 Finish and tolerance requirements for primary seal ring and mating ring surface fl
49、atness of Class 0 mechanicals seals shallbe three light bands or better as measured under a monochromatic, helium light source.8.3 Requirements for Installation of Classes 1 Through 4 Split Mechanical Seals:8.3.1 Classes 1 through 4, split mechanical seals, may be furnished for shaft/sleeve diameters of 112 in. (38.1 mm) and above.8.3.2 For split mechanical seal installations, a minimum of 3 in. (76.2 mm) of axial space, measured from the stuffing box faceto the first obstruction, shall be provided for Classes 2 and 4 seals. Additional space,
