1、Designation: F 1623 96 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Terminology Relating toThermal Imaging Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1623; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.activation temperaturetemperature which generates an op-tical density of 0.20.active coat, na coating layer which contains the primaryimage (co
3、lor) forming ingredients.antioxidantsee stabilizer.antistat,a chemical additive, generally added to the backside or printhead side of thermal products, which enhancesthe conductivity of the coating, allowing static electriccharges to be bled off during the production processes orduring the operation
4、 of the product in a machine.background, na measure of the reflectance or density of theunimaged portion of a thermal paper; typically measuredusing a densitometer, reflectometer, or opacimeter.basecoa, na coating applied to a base substrate to producea level surface for the application of the activ
5、e coat; may alsofunction to improve the heat/energy transfer of the activecoat layer.binder, na material employed to bind the image-formingmaterials to the substrate.DISCUSSIONCommonly employed materials include polyvinyl ac-etate, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, and styrene butadiene polymer disper-sion
6、s.color formersee leuco dye.core, na paper, plastic, or fiber core upon which the thermalproduct is wound.developer, nacidic materials which react with leuco dyes toform color.DISCUSSIONTypical developers include Bisphenol A, TGSA, D8,and benzyl paraben.direct thermal imaging productpaper, film, or
7、other sub-strate upon which a coating is applied; the imaging compo-nents consist of a color former, a developer, a sensitizer andantioxidants which react to form an image when heated froma thermal printhead.direct thermal paper, npaper coated with a heat-reactivecoating, which changes from a colorl
8、ess form to an intensecolored state upon contact with a thermal printhead.direct thermal product, nsubstrate coated with a heat-sensitive formulation for the purpose of creating an imagewhen heat is applied from a thermal printhead.D2T2, nabbreviation for dye diffusion thermal transfer.dye sublimina
9、tion, nan imaging process from thermal dyeribbons, which employ selected organic dyes, and havecharacteristics different from an imaging process usingpigmented materials employed in thermal transfer waxribbons.dynamic thermal response curve, ngraphical representa-tion of the response characteristic
10、of a thermal printingsystem over a given range of print energies; the y-axis isoptical density and the x-axis is print energy (watts/dot ormillijoules) or energy density (millijoules/square millime-tres). (F 1444, F-5)environmental resistance, na measure of a direct thermalproducts ability to resist
11、 the effects of exposure to environ-mental contaminants on either the imaged or unimagedareas.DISCUSSIONTypical contaminants may include water, oils, alcohol,light, or heat/humidity.image density, na measure of the reflectance or density ofthe imaged portion of a thermal imaging product afterexposur
12、e to heat energy; typically measured with a densito-meter, reflectometer, or opacimeter.initial temperatureSee activation temperature.ink layer(1) the components of the image coating used inthermal transfer products which contain waxes, resins,pigments and other materials deposited or coated onto as
13、ubstrate; (2) the layer of thermally sensitive material whichis transferred during the thermal transfer printing process.ion content, na measure of the free sodium, potassium, andchloride content in a direct thermal or thermal transferproduct; trace amounts may cause chemical attack to thethermal pr
14、inthead elements.leuco dye, ncolor precursors, examples of which are triph-enyl methane and fluoran classes which react with a devel-oper to form a colored image.DISCUSSIONTypical dyes include ODB 1, ODB 2, S-205, S-305,PSD 150, CF-51, and CVL.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Comm
15、ittee F05 onBusiness Imaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.01on Nomenclature and Definitions.Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1996. Published March 1996. Originallypublished as F 1623 95. Last previous edition F 1623 95.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
16、Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.onset temperature, nin a thermal transfer ribbon, thetemperature at which the imaging material begins to changephysical form (that is, start to melt).optimum energy, nenergy (millijoules/square millimetres)which achieves the best op
17、tical print density and consistent,well-defined image; dependent on ribbon thickness, coatingformulation, ribbon speed in the printer, and print headtemperature.peak melting point, nin a thermal transfer ribbon, themaximum temperature to which the imaging material shouldbe subjected.precoatsee basec
18、oat.print speed rating, nhighest speed of image developmentunder fixed operating conditions to obtain optimum printquality.print speed response, nthe response curve of opticaldensity versus print speed with a fixed energy level input.receptor, nthe material which receives on its surface animage from
19、 a thermal printing process.saturation density, nthe optical density value at which noadditional density increase is seen on the thermal image asthe energy delivered to thermal paper is increased.saturation temperature, nthe temperature at which athermal image reaches its maximum optical density.sen
20、sitizer, na material which forms an eutectic with thedeveloper to lower the melt point; acting as a solvent withthe developer, the leuco dye is solubilized and reacts to formcolor.DISCUSSIONTypical materials include parabenzyl biphenyl, DPE,dimethyl DPE, dibenzyl oxalate, PHNT, DMT, DBT, and amide w
21、axes.slipping layer, na layer applied to a dye diffusion thermaltransfer ribbon which promotes smooth flow of the ribbonthrough the printer.smoothness, na measure of the surface roughness or topog-raphy of a thermal substrate, critical for optimum printheadcontact.stabilizer, nmaterials added to the
22、 coating mixture or usedin a topcoat to reduce the reversibility and degradation of thecolor reaction and unreacted background.static thermal response curve, nthe relationship of theresponse characteristic of a thermal printing system over agiven range of print energies; optical (reflectance) densit
23、y(y-axis) versus temperature (x-axis). (F 1445, F-5)thermal imaging transfer ribbon, nplastic film or othermaterial, upon which a dye or pigmented coating is applied;imaging results when a thermal printhead transfers thecoating onto a suitable substrate or receptor media.thermal response, dynamic, n
24、the relationship between thethermal image optical density (y-axis) versus printheadenergy (x-axis); printhead energy density (millijoules/squaremillimetres) is a function of printhead power times the pulsewidth (milliseconds) divided by the area of the printhead dot(square millimetres). (F 1405 and
25、F 1444, F-5)ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such
26、 rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additi
27、onal standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the
28、ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1623 96 (2002)2
